Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 38, Problem 15TYU
Summary Introduction
To explain: The reason why a plant with a mutation in one of its phytochrome genes that affects the flowering time would be at an evolutionary disadvantage.
Introduction: Photoreceptor refers to the light-sensitive proteins that are involved in sensing and response to light in many organisms. The three main classes of photoreceptors are phytochrome, cryptochrome, and phototropin.
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Chapter 38 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 38.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 38.1 - Prob. 1CCh. 38.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 38.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 38.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 38.2 - Prob. 4LOCh. 38.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 38.2 - Prob. 2CCh. 38.2 - Which hormones are involved in each of the...Ch. 38.3 - Explain how varying amounts of light and darkness...
Ch. 38.3 - Prob. 6LOCh. 38.3 - Prob. 7LOCh. 38.3 - Prob. 8LOCh. 38.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 38.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 38.3 - Prob. 3CCh. 38.4 - Prob. 9LOCh. 38.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 38 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 38 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 38 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 38 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 38 - The stress hormone that helps plants respond to...Ch. 38 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 38 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 38 - Pfr, the active state of _______________, forms...Ch. 38 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 38 - Which signaling molecule triggers the release of...Ch. 38 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 38 - PREDICT State whether flowering in a short-day...Ch. 38 - PREDICT If you transplanted the short-day plant...Ch. 38 - EVOLUTION LINK What adaptive advantages are...Ch. 38 - Prob. 15TYUCh. 38 - Prob. 16TYUCh. 38 - Prob. 17TYU
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- In flowers, the structures that produce male gametophytes are called _______ ;the strcutures that produce female gametophytes are called _______ . a. pollen grains; flowers c. anthers; stigma b. stamen; carpels d. megaspores; microsporesarrow_forwardEVOLUTION LINK Like stems in general, some vines are herbaceous and others are woody. Tropical rain forests have a greater diversity of vines than in any other environment on Earth, and most of these vines are woody. Develop a hypothesis to explain why natural selection has favored the evolution of more species of woody vines (as opposed to herbaceous vines) in tropical rain forests.arrow_forwardExplain 2 primary functions of plant stems. Also provide one example of a modified stem and explain why the modification has been selected for evolutionarily (what advantage does it provide?)arrow_forward
- Tobacco plants invest a lot of resources into the production of secondary compounds know as alkaloids (e.g., nicotine) that we believe act as defenses against herbivores. The researchers did an experiment where they added a hormone that reduces the production of alkaloids. In graph (a), the data show that the hormone reduced the proportion of alkaloids as a function of leaf mass relative to controls- so the hormone worked. They also measured the lifetime seed production of the plants in both treatments without any herbivores present (b). They had the following results. What might you conclude/hypothesize/investigate based on the data in graph (b) (a) Chemical defenses (percent of leaf mass) 1.8% 1.4 1.0 0.6 0.2 No hormone added Hormone added (b) Lifetime seed mass (g/plant) -18 14 10 No hormone added Hormone added It would be good to test whether the hormone is very specific or whether it might also cause changes in other metabolic processes The hormone has no effect on the lifetime…arrow_forwardExplain when in nature seedlings are exposed to dark environments and then light environments and connect this to an adaptive evolutionary explanation for why seedlings respond in different ways to dark vs. light environments in regards to collenchyma production and stem stoutness.arrow_forwardEarly botanists admired ferns but found their life cycle perplexing. In the 1700s, they learned to propagate ferns by sowing what appeared to be tiny dust like “seeds” that they collected from the undersides of fronds. Despite many attempts, the botanists could not locate the pollen source, which they assumed must stimulate these “seeds” to develop. Imagine you could write to these botanists. Compose a note that explains the fern life cycle and clears up their confusion.arrow_forward
- Phytochrome, plays an important role in flowering in many plants. It can also be used to determine when lettuce seeds germinate (shown in the figure below What is phytochrome likely doing in the lettuce seeds? Activating abscisic acid production Activating inhibitors of germination Inhibiting gibberellin synthesis Turning on germination-related genesarrow_forwardWhat is the evolutionary trend in the alternation of generation in plants? Elaborate on adaptive advantages of this trend.arrow_forwardHow may the following trends in plant evolution be adaptive to living on land? (a) dependence on water for fertilization ➝ no need for water as a transport medium (b) homospory ➝ heterosporyarrow_forward
- Please answer the following parts: (a) Explain what Florigen is. (b) Explain how the floral stimulus, which originates in the minor veins of source leaves, has its effect in the shoot apical meristem. (c) Describe a classic experiment that demonstrated the existence of Florigen.arrow_forwardBiosynthesis of nectar and nutrient-rich pollen is energetically very expensive for a plant. Yet, plants funnel large amounts of energy into animal pollination. What are the evolutionary advantages that offset the cost of attracting animal pollinators?arrow_forwardImagine that you are a member of a research group conducting research on fruit type and seed dispersal. Your group has submitted a paper to a peer-reviewed journal that addresses the factors that impact fruit type and seed dispersal mechanisms in plants of Central America. The editor of the journal communicates that your paper may be published if you make ‘minor revisions’ to the document.Unit 8 DQ Question: Why is seed dispersal important in the life of plants? What would be the consequences of having seeds that simply fell to the ground underneath the parent tree? (Editor’s note: addressing this question will provide needed background information to the ‘Introduction’ of your paper).arrow_forward
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