Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 33.2, Problem 2CS
Summary Introduction
To determine: The phylogenetic tree on the basis of morphological and developmental information.
Introduction: The older type of phylogenetic trees depicting the life of animals were constructed or developed on the basis of the morphological and certain developmental features such as the development of protostome and deuterostomes, the type of coelom, and the segmentation of the body.
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Lab 10: Kingdom Animalia Introduction Animals all share some characteristics:
1) Multicellular
2) Heterotrophic
3) Their cells have no cell wall
4) At some time in their life they are motile.
There are many phyla within the animal Kingdom, and in this activity, you will explore these phyla by building a dichotomous key that will allow you to consider almost any animal and determine which phylum it belongs to.
Part 1: Organizing information for the dichotomous key 1) List the 9 animal phyla of macroscopic (visible) animals: Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Nemotoda, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata, and Chordata. 2) Use on-line or library resources of your choice, to gather information about these 9 phyla.
a. Start by finding two example species per phylum to help tie into your previous knowledge about animal types. Write down these examples.
b. Make a list of characteristics that you could use that would help you tell these 9 phyla apart. The final goal is to build a…
The phylogenetic tree in Exercise 1 above shows an outdated relationship between Brachiopoda, Bryozoa, and Mollusca. We now know that: (1) Brachiopoda is more closely related to Mollusca; and (2) Bryozoa forms the sister-group to the clade formed by Brachiopoda+Mollusca. In the space below draw a phylogenetic tree showing the correct interrelationships among the 5 clades listed:
Bryozoa:
Brachiopoda:
Linguliformea:
Craniiformea: Rhynchonelliformea:
Please include mollusca. Should be 6 classes total
Chapter 33 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 33.2 - Core Skill: Connections Look back to Figure 25.8....Ch. 33.2 - Prob. 2CSCh. 33.3 - Prob. 1CSCh. 33.3 - Prob. 1EQCh. 33.3 - Prob. 2EQCh. 33.3 - Prob. 3EQCh. 33 - Prob. 1TYCh. 33 - Prob. 2TYCh. 33 - Prob. 3TYCh. 33 - In triploblastic animals, the inner lining of the...
Ch. 33 - Prob. 5TYCh. 33 - Prob. 6TYCh. 33 - Prob. 7TYCh. 33 - Naturally occurring identical twins are possible...Ch. 33 - Prob. 9TYCh. 33 - A major finding of recent molecular studies is...Ch. 33 - Fierce debate centers on whether ctenophores or...Ch. 33 - Why was the evolution of a coelom important?Ch. 33 - Prob. 3CQCh. 33 - Discuss the many ways that animals can affect...Ch. 33 - Prob. 2COQ
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- Tree Thinking Review Draw a bracketed phylogenetic tree of the following groups on the next blank page: • Peat Moss • Capybara • Ostrich Fern • Blobfish • White Pine Tree • Protists • Escheria coli • Mexico Whiptail Lizard • Sunflower Sea Star • Bold Jumping Spider • T. Rex • Flatworm • Apple Tree • Archaea • Chanterelle Mushroom Grasshopper Sparrow After you draw your tree, label where the following traits would have evolved. Consider that traits may have evolved more than one time. • Chloroplasts • Seeds • Endosperm • Flowers • Vascular Tissue • Mitochondria Segmentation • Central Nervous System • Notochord • Vertebrae • Nucleus • Membrane Bound Organelles • Peptidoglycans • Cranium Fur • Lactation • Feathers Jaws • Hollow Dorsal Nerve Cordarrow_forwardTOPIC: Vertebrate zoology How are anatomical structures modified from their original form?arrow_forwardTest Your Understanding 8.VISUALIZE Draw a simple cladogram illustrating the evolutionary relationships among extant mammals (marsupials, eutherians, and monotremes). Include the following characters in your cladogram: well-developed placenta, vivipary, endothermy, marsupium, hair.arrow_forward
- For context: This activity will examine the classification of invertebrates and the methods used to determine relationships among the many invertebrate phyla. Question: Are there newer trends in determining evolutionary relationships? If yes, what are they?arrow_forwardA) Draw a phylogenetic tree for the major phyla of the animal kingdom. Label the appropriate branch points on the tree with the following features: Tissue, radial symmetry, bilateral symmetry, body cavity, deuterostomes, and protostomes. B). Draw a diagram of a hydra. On the hydra, label the mouth (hypostome), tentacles, basal disk, ovary, budding polyp, gastrovascular cavity. State the function of each structure you labeled next to or under your diagram.arrow_forwardPHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS: Refer to the Pratachardaten phylogenetic tree. Write your answers for the following, phrase sentence form. 1. Are deuterostomes in or in related to protostome (Yes or No)? Explain briefly 2. What Syorlesiamecebic character Protostomes Deuterostomes is the CHORDATES Tripartite coelom, larva Chordate ancestor (Notochord, post-anal tail, dorsal hollow nerve cord) of deuterostomes? 3. What is the Deuterostome ancestor (Gill slits) of echinoderms and character Bilateral ancestor (Dorsoventral axis, mesoderm, through gut, cephalization, hox domains in trunk, tinman heart, pax6/emw/otx domains in head) hemichordates? 4. Is the group of chordates considered monophyletic (Yes or No)? Explain briefly. eozoskpog- FLophotrochozoa Echinoderms Hemichordates Urochordates Cephalochordates Vertebratesarrow_forward
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