Principles of Economics 2e
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781947172364
Author: Steven A. Greenlaw; David Shapiro
Publisher: OpenStax
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Textbook Question
Chapter 33, Problem 3SCQ
In France it takes one worker to produce one sweater, and one worker to produce one bottle of wine. In Tunisia it takes two workers to produce one sweater, and three workers to produce one bottle of wine. Who has the
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In Japan, one worker can make 5 tons of rubber or 30 radios. In Malaysia, one worker can make 4 tons of rubber or 40 radios. Who has the absolute advantage in the production of rubber or radios? How can you tell?
Suppose Mexico can produce either 2 million tomato plants or 2 million cannabis plants while the United States can produce 4 million tomato plants or 4 million cannabis plants during the same time period. Which country has the absolute advantage in tomatoes?
A. Neither
B. Mexico
C. United States
Who has the absolute advantage in cannabis?
A. United States
B. Mexico
C. Neither
Which country has the comparative advantage in tomatoes?
A. United States
B. Mexico
C. Neither
Which country has the comparative advantage in cannabis?
A. Neither
B. United States
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Suppose that a tailor in Cottonland can sew either 40 cotton shirts or 10 silk shirts per week, and a tailor in Silkland can sew either 18 cotton shirts or 6 silk shirts per week. There are 20 tailors in Cottonland and 20 tailors is Silkland. Answer the following questions:
2.1. What country has the absolute advantage in sewing cotton shirts? What country has the absolute advantage in sewing silk shirts?
2.2. What country has the comparative advantage in sewing cotton shirts? What country has the comparative advantage in sewing silk shirts? Numerically
2.3. If the two countries specialize and produce according to the comparative advantage criterion, how much in terms of cotton and silk shirts each country will produce per week? Fill in the table below with your calculations.
Cotton shirts/per week
Silk shirts/per week
Cottonland
Silkland
Chapter 33 Solutions
Principles of Economics 2e
Ch. 33 - True or False: The source of comparative advantage...Ch. 33 - Brazil can produce 100 pounds of beef or 10 autos....Ch. 33 - In France it takes one worker to produce one...Ch. 33 - In Germany it takes three workers to make one...Ch. 33 - How can there be any economic gains for a country...Ch. 33 - Table 33.15 shows how the average costs of...Ch. 33 - If the removal of trade banters is so beneficial...Ch. 33 - What is absolute advantage? What is comparative...Ch. 33 - Under what conditions does comparative advantage...Ch. 33 - What factors does Paul Krugman identity that...
Ch. 33 - Is it possible to have a comparative advantage in...Ch. 33 - How does comparative advantage lead to gains from...Ch. 33 - What is intra-industry trade?Ch. 33 - What are the two main sources of economic gains...Ch. 33 - What is splitting up the value chain?Ch. 33 - Are the gains from international trade more likely...Ch. 33 - Are differences in geography behind the...Ch. 33 - Why does the United States not have an absolute...Ch. 33 - Look at Exercise 33.2. Compute the opportunity...Ch. 33 - You just overheard your friend say the following:...Ch. 33 - Look at Table 33.9. Is there a range of trades for...Ch. 33 - You just got a job in Washington, D.C. You move...Ch. 33 - Does intra-industry trade contradict the theory of...Ch. 33 - Do consumers benefit from intra-industry trade?Ch. 33 - Why might intra-industry trade seem surprising...Ch. 33 - In World Trade Organization meetings, what do you...Ch. 33 - Why might a low-income country put up barriers to...Ch. 33 - Can a nations comparative advantage change over...Ch. 33 - France and Tunisia both have Mediterranean...Ch. 33 - In Japan, one worker can make 5 tons of rubber or...Ch. 33 - Review the numbers for Canada and Venezuela from...Ch. 33 - In Exercise 33.31, is there an ask where...Ch. 33 - From earlier chapters you will recall that...Ch. 33 - Consider two countries: South Korea and Taiwan....Ch. 33 - If trade increases world GDP by 1 per year, what...
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- Brazil can produce 100 pounds of beef or 10 autos. In contrast the United States can produce 40 pounds of beef or 30 autos. Which country has the absolute advantage in beef? Which country has the absolute advantage in producing autos? What is the opportunity cost of producing one pound of beef In Brazil? What is the opportunity cost of producing one pound of beef in the United States?arrow_forwardAssume England and Chad can both produce grain and dates, and that the only limited resource is the farming labor force, meaning that land, water, and all other resources are plentiful in both countries. Each farmer in England can produce 10 t of grain or 5 t of dates in a season. Each farmer in Chad can also produce 10 t of grain or 25 t of dates. Please answer the four questions. Which country has the absolute advantage in producing dates? Which country has the absolute advantage in producing grain? Which country has the comparative advantage in producing dates?arrow_forwardSuppose there are two states that do not trade: Iowa and Nebraska. Each state produces the same two goods: corn and wheat. For Iowa the opportunity cost of producing 1 bushel of wheat is 3 bushels of corn. For Nebraska the opportunity cost of producing 1 bushel of corn is 3 bushels of wheat. At present, Iowa produces 20 million bushels of wheat and 120 million bushels of corn, while Nebraska produces 20 million bushels of corn and 120 million bushels of wheat. a. If each state specialized in their respective comparative advantage: Iowa would produce million bushels of corn and million bushels of wheat. Nebraska would produce million bushels of wheat and million bushels of corn. Now assume Nebraska trades 120 million bushels of wheat for 120 million bushels of corn. With specialization and this trade, Nebraska will end up with million bushels of corn and million bushels of wheat, while Iowa will end up with million bushels of corn and million bushels of wheat. b.…arrow_forward
- Assume that an American worker can produce 5 cars per year or 10 tons of grain per year, whereas a Japanese worker can produce 15 cars per year or 5 tons of grain per year. Assume that labor is the only input used in car and grain production. Which country has the absolute advantage in producing cars? In producing grain? For the United States, what is the opportunity cost of producing a car? What is the opportunity cost of producing a ton of grain? Show how you arrived at your numbers. For Japan, what is the opportunity cost of producing a car? What is the opportunity cost of producing a ton of grain? Show how you arrived at your numbers. If free trade is allowed, which country will import cars? Which country will import grain? Explain.arrow_forwardIn Country T, it takes 10 resources to produce 1 ton of cocoa and 13.5 resources to produce 1 ton of rice. In Country Y, it takes 40 resources to produce 1 ton of cocoa and 20 resources to produce 1 ton of rice. Country T has a comparative advantage over Country Y in cocoa. This follows the theory of comparative advantage, and we can say that engaging in free trade benefits all countries that participate in it; however, this conclusion stems from which of these inaccurate assumptions? Multiple Choice We have assumed constant returns to scale. We have assumed the prices of resources and exchange rates in the two countries are dynamic. We have assumed there are barriers to the movement of resources from the production of one good to another within the same country. We have assumed that agrarian nations do not specialize in producing particular products. We have assumed diminishing returns to specialization.arrow_forwardThe table below describes production possibilities for Mexico and Nigeria. Each number in the table shows the number of workers needed to produce one unit of the product. Country Shoes Glasses Mexico 10 12 Nigeria 18 5 Which country has an absolute advantage in producing Glasses? Which country has a comparative advantage in producing Glasses? Which country has a comparative advantage in producing Shoes?arrow_forward
- When can two countries gain from trading two goods? when the first country can only produce the first good and the second country can only produce the second good when the first country can produce both goods, but can only produce the second good at great cost, and the second country can produce both goods, but can only produce the first good at great cost when the first country is better at producing both goods and the second country is worse at producing both goods Two countries could gain from trading two goods under all of the above conditions.arrow_forwardSuppose that Country A can produce 6060 bags of sugar or 3030 bags of flour per worker hour. Country B can produce 4040 bags of sugar or 1010 bags of flour per worker hour. Assume that there is 100%100% specialization, and each country has 55 worker hours.If each country specializes in its comparative advantage, calculate the quantity of the good that Country B should produce.arrow_forward3. Gains from trade Consider two neighboring island countries called Bellissima and Felicidad. They each have 4 million labor hours available per month that they can use to produce rye, jeans, or a combination of both. The following table shows the amount of rye or jeans that can be produced using 1 hour of labor. Rye Jeans Country (Bushels per hour of labor) (Pairs per hour of labor) Bellissima 6. 12 Felicidad 4 16 Initially, suppose Bellissima uses 1 million hours of labor per month to produce rye and 3 million hours per month to produce jeans, while Felicidad uses 3 million hours of labor per month to produce rye and 1 million hours per month to produce jeans. Consequently, Bellissima produces 6 million bushels of rye and 36 million pairs of jeans, and Felicidad produces 12 million bushels of rye and 16 million pairs of jeans. Assume there are no other countries willing to trade goods, so, in the absence of trade between these two countries, each country consumes the amount of rye…arrow_forward
- Morocco and Tunisia both have Mediterranean climates that are excellent for producing/harvesting green beans and tomatoes. In Morocco it takes two hours for each worker to harvest green beans and two hours to harvest a tomato. Tunisian workers need only one hour to harvest the tomatoes but four hours to harvest green beans. Assume there are only two workers, one in each country, and each works 40 hours a week. a. Identify which country has the absolute advantage in green beans and which country has the absolute advantage in tomatoes. b. Identify which country has comparative advantage in which product. c. Initially each country used ½ of the workers in producing green beans and tomatoes. If each country specializes based on comparative advantage find an exchange mechanism so that both gain from trade.arrow_forwardAmerican worker takes 20 hours to produce one computer and 300 hours to produce an RV. A Japanese worker takes 30 hours to produce one computer and 450 Hours to produce an RV. Which country has a comparative advantage in what product? Why?arrow_forwardThe graph on the right shows Tanzania's production possibilities frontier for cashew nuts and mangoes. Assume that the output per hour of work is 8 bushels of cashew nuts or 2 bushels of mangoes, and that Tanzania has 1,000 hours of labor. Without trade, Tanzania evenly splits its labor hours between cashews and mangoes and produces and consumes at point A. Suppose Tanzania opens trade with Kenya, and Kenya's output per hour of work is 1 bushel of cashew nuts or 1 bushel of mangoes. Having the comparative advantage, Tanzania completely specializes in cashew nuts. Locate the point of production for Tanzania. bushels of mangoes and bushels of cashew The point of production for Tanzania includes nuts. (Enter your responses as whole numbers.) Suppose Tanzania keeps 5,000 bushels of cashew nuts and exports the remaining 3,000 bushels. The terms of trade are 1 bushel of mangoes for 2 bushels of cashew nuts. Locate the point that shows the amount of cashew nuts and mangoes that Tanzania…arrow_forward
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