Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781337408332
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 32, Problem 3SQ
An action potential begins when ___ .
- a. a neuron reaches threshold potential
- b. voltage-gated potassium gates open
- c. voltage-gated .sodium gates dose
- d. sodium-potassium pumps stop operating
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Students have asked these similar questions
When a neuron is at rest,_____ . a. it is at threshold potential b. voltage-gated sodium channels are open c. sodium–potassium pumps are operating d. it contains more sodium ions than the surrounding interstitial fluid
Action potentials ____.
Select one:
A.can occur only once
B.can move up or down an axon, away from or towards the cell body
C.move in a one way direction towards the cell body
D.move in a one way direction away from the cell body
Depolarization and repolarization changes that occur during the action potential are produced by
a. Negative feedback loops
b. Channel mediated transport
c. Simple diffusion of ions down their concentration gradient
d. Active transport pumps along the neuron membrane
Chapter 32 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 32 - Prob. 1DAACh. 32 - Prob. 2DAACh. 32 - Prob. 3DAACh. 32 - Prob. 4DAACh. 32 - ___ relay messages from the brain and .spinal cord...Ch. 32 - When a neuron is at rest, ________ . a. it is at...Ch. 32 - An action potential begins when ___ . a. a neuron...Ch. 32 - Most human axons have a myelin sheath that ___ ....Ch. 32 - Neurotransmitters are released. by ___ . a. axon...Ch. 32 - What chemicals is released by the axon terminals...
Ch. 32 - Which neurotransmitter is important in...Ch. 32 - Skeletal muscles are controlled by ______ . a....Ch. 32 - When you sit quietly on the couch and read, output...Ch. 32 - In the central nervous system, all synapses are in...Ch. 32 - The brain and spinal cord develop from the...Ch. 32 - An injury ___ in the spinal cord can lead to...Ch. 32 - ___ deep in the brain plays a role in emotion. a....Ch. 32 - Commands to move your right arm start in the...Ch. 32 - Prob. 15SQCh. 32 - Prob. 1CTCh. 32 - Most tumors that originate in the brain are not...Ch. 32 - Hansen's disease, also known as leprosy, arises...
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- Neurotransmitters are released from neurons due to the opening of ____________. Select one: a. voltage gated Na channels b. voltage gated K channels c. voltage gated Ca channles d. voltage gated Cl channels e. voltage gated proton channelsarrow_forwardDuring an Action Potential….. _____ Na+ flows out of the cell _____ Na+ activation gates and inactivation gates are both open _____ Na+ flows into the cell _____ Calcium flows out of the cell _____ K + gates are open _____ Na+ activation gates are closed _____ Na+ inactivation gates are closed _____ K+ flows into the cell _____ K + gates are closed _____ Na+ activation gates and inactivation gates are both closed _____ K + flows out of the cellarrow_forwardPost synaptic neurons membrane potentials are less negative than resting membrane potentials when this occur A. Creates a new set point for the resting membrane potential B. Has a lower propensity to produce an action potential C. Reacts by generating action potential D. Higher chance of reaching the potential thresholdarrow_forward
- Sequence the following list of events of a neuronal action potential by placing 1 next to the first event, 2 next to the second event, and so on. a. _____ The activation gates of voltage-gated Na+ channels open, Na+ flood the cytoplasm, and depolarization occurs. b. _____ K+ continue to flow out of the axon until the membrane is hyperpolarized. c. _____ Local potentials cause the membrane to depolarize to threshold. d. _____ The inactivation gates of voltage-gated Na+ channels close as voltage-gated K+ channels open, K+ begin to exit the axon, and repolarization begins. e. _____ Repolarization continues and Na+ channels return to restingarrow_forwardAction potentials are normally initiated at the axon hillock because a. there is a particularly high density of voltage-gated sodium channels there. b. threshold potential is lower there than at other sites along the plasma membrane. c. activation of sodium channels at the axon hillock results in a particularly strong inward current and consequent depolarization. d. all of these. e. none of these.arrow_forwardDuring an action potential _______ A. Na+ flows out of cell and causes depolarization B. K+ flows into cell and causes repolarization C. Na+ flows into cell and causes depolarization D. K+ flows into cell and causes hyperpolarizationarrow_forward
- When summation of multiple graded synaptic potentials occurs which of the following would "neutralize/cancel out" an EPSP in dendrites? A. opening a voltage gated sodium channel B. opening a voltage gated calcium channel C. openning a ligand gated calcium channel D. closing a ligand gated potassium channel E. opening a ligand gated chloride channelarrow_forward1. Action potentials are generated in a region called the _______ which includes the axon hillock and the initial segment of the axon. 2.According to the all-or-nothing principle a.once the electrical impulse reaches a certain level of intensity (its threshold), it fires and moves all the way down the axon without losing any intensity. b.the amount of time a neuron must “rest” in between firing episodes is stable. c.as a person ages, his or her neurological system slows down and the intensity of neural impulses decreases significantly. d.if all the neurons in a network are not integrated, the “message” carried by the neurons will be lost.arrow_forwardA serotonin can bind to ___. A. All nuerotransporters B. Serotonin and glutamate receptors since they are both excitatory C. Only serotonin transporters D. All neurotransmitter receptors E. Only serotonin receptorsarrow_forward
- The made-up drug leakyhose degrades myelin resulting in myelin becoming more porous and therefore a poor insulator. 2.) Which of the following would NOT be an effect of leakyhose? A. Propagation of the action potential would likely slow B. The action potential may degrade because it can’t properly be regenerated C. The action potential would not propagate but would rather reverse directions D. Saltatory conduction may be disrupted E. All of the above effects are consistent with the administration of leakyhosearrow_forwardI. These forms the specialized junctions called synapse. A. Cell body B. Glial cells C. Synaptic terminal D. Neurotransmitters II. These are the gaps in the myelin sheath which is the site where signals are recharged as they travel down the axon. A. Neurotransmitters B. Axon hillock C. Dendrites D. Nodes of Ranvier III. These neurons form the local circuits that connect neurons in the brain A. Interneurons B. Axon hillock C. Dendrites D. Somaarrow_forwardChoose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1 nodes of Ranvier resting membrane potential axon dendrite myelin sheath synapse nerve A. neuronal cell extension that propagates action potentials away from the cell body B. discontinuous insulation of an axon C. bundle of axons…arrow_forward
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