Chapter 3.10, Problem 38P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given set of compounds has to be ranked from most soluble to least soluble in water.

Concept introduction:

Solubility:

The general rule that in solubility is like dissolve like, in other words, polar compounds dissolve in polar solvents, and non-polar compounds dissolve in non-polar solvents.

Polarity:

The polar solvent such as a water has partial charges that can interact with the partial charges on a polar compound.  The negative poles of the solvent molecule surround the positive pole of the polar compound and the positive pole of polar compound.  The clustering of the solvent molecules around the polar molecules separates them from each other, which is make them dissolve.

Non-polarity:

The non-polar compounds have no charge; polar solvents are not attached to them.  For a non-polar molecule to dissolve in polar solvent, the non-polar molecule would have to push the water molecules apart, disrupting their hydrogen bonding.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Given set of compounds has to be ranked from most soluble to least soluble in water.

Concept introduction:

Solubility:

The general rule that in solubility is like dissolve like, in other words, polar compounds dissolve in polar solvents, and non-polar compounds dissolve in non-polar solvents.

Polarity:

The polar solvent such as a water has partial charges that can interact with the partial charges on a polar compound.  The negative poles of the solvent molecule surround the positive pole of the polar compound and the positive pole of polar compound.  The clustering of the solvent molecules around the polar molecules separates them from each other, which is make them dissolve.

Non-polarity:

The non-polar compounds have no charge; polar solvents are not attached to them.  For a non-polar molecule to dissolve in polar solvent, the non-polar molecule would have to push the water molecules apart, disrupting their hydrogen bonding.