Anatomy & Physiology (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134156415
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 3, Problem 7MC
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The active transport that involves solute pumping is acquired by:
exocytosis
phagocytosis
electrical forces in the cell membrane
changes in shape and position of the carrier molecules in the plasma membrane
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Which statements are consistent with the known facts about membrane transport? (a) Active transport moves a substance from a region in which its concentration is lower to one in which its concentration is higher. (b) Transport does not involve any pores or channels in membranes. (c) Transport proteins may be involved in bringing substances into cells.
Glucose transport across cell membranes varies depending upon blood glucose levels. When glucose levels are high, glucose transport is accomplished via membrane transporters. When glucose concentrations are low, the transport of glucose across the membrane is dependent upon the sodium ion concentration. What types of transport is observed for glucose?
A)simple diffusion at high [glucose], secondary active transport at low [glucose]
B)facilitated diffusion at high [glucose], secondary active transport at low [glucose]
C)simple diffusion at high [glucose], primary active transport at low [glucose]
D)facilitated diffusion at high [glucose], primary active transport at low [glucose]
The three fundamental classes of proteins involved in transport across membranes are:
i) channelsii) pumpsiii) exchangers
For each class, describe its essential features, explain how transport is accomplished and name at least one representative example.
Chapter 3 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology (6th Edition)
Ch. 3.1 - Summarize the four key points of the cell theory.Ch. 3.1 - How would you explain the meaning of a generalized...Ch. 3.2 - What basic structure do all cellular membranes...Ch. 3.2 - What is the importance of the glycocalyx in cell...Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 3.2 - Phospholipid tails can be saturated or unsaturated...Ch. 3.3 - What is the energy source for all types of...Ch. 3.3 - What determines the direction of any diffusion...Ch. 3.3 - What are the two types of facilitated diffusion...Ch. 3.4 - What happens when the Na+-K+ pump is...
Ch. 3.4 - As a cell grows, its plasma membrane expands. Does...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3CYUCh. 3.4 - Which vesicular transport process allows a cell to...Ch. 3.5 - What process establishes the resting membrane...Ch. 3.5 - Is the inside of the plasma membrane negative or...Ch. 3.6 - What term is used to indicate signaling chemicals...Ch. 3.7 - Which organelle is the major site of ATP...Ch. 3.7 - What are three organelles involved in protein...Ch. 3.7 - Compare the functions of lysosomes and...Ch. 3.7 - How are microtubules and microfilaments related...Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 21CYUCh. 3.8 - Prob. 22CYUCh. 3.9 - If a cell ejects or loses its nucleus, what is its...Ch. 3.9 - What is the role of nucleoli?Ch. 3.9 - What is the role of nucleoli?Ch. 3.10 - If one of the DNA strands being replicated reads...Ch. 3.10 - During what phase of the cell cycle is DNA...Ch. 3.10 - What are three events occurring in prophase that...Ch. 3.11 - Codons and anticodons are both three-base...Ch. 3.11 - How do the A, P, and E ribosomal sites differ...Ch. 3.11 - What is the role of DNA in transcription?Ch. 3.12 - What is the importance of ubiquitin in the life of...Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 3 - The smallest unit capable of life by itself is (a)...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2MCCh. 3 - Prob. 3MCCh. 3 - The term used to describe the type of solution in...Ch. 3 - Osmosis always involves (a) a selectively...Ch. 3 - Prob. 6MCCh. 3 - Prob. 7MCCh. 3 - The endocytotic process in which a sampling of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 9MCCh. 3 - The nuclear substance composed of histone proteins...Ch. 3 - The information sequence that determines the...Ch. 3 - Mutations may be caused by (a) X rays, (b) certain...Ch. 3 - The phase of mitosis during which centrioles each...Ch. 3 - Final preparations for cell division are made...Ch. 3 - The RNA synthesized on one of the DNA strands is...Ch. 3 - The RNA species that travels from the nucleus to...Ch. 3 - If DNA has a sequence of AAA, then a segment of...Ch. 3 - A nerve cell and a lymphocyte are presumed to...Ch. 3 - Prob. 19MCCh. 3 - Explain why mitosis can be thought of as cellular...Ch. 3 - Contrast the roles of ER-bound ribosomes with...Ch. 3 - Cells lining the trachea have whiplike motile...Ch. 3 - Name the three phases of interphase and describe...Ch. 3 - Comment on the role of the sodium-potassium pump...Ch. 3 - Differentiate between primary and secondary active...Ch. 3 - Cell division typically yields two daughter cells,...
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- List the means of unassisted membrane transport.arrow_forwardAll of the following are passive membrane transport processes except: (a) diffusion. (b) facilitated diffusion. (c) vesicular transport. (d) osmosis.arrow_forwardDefine the terms (i) facilitated diffusion, (ii) primary active transport and (iii) secondary active transport. Identify which of these transport types the following are examples of: a) ATP/ADP translocase b) K^+ channels c) Bacteriorhodopsinarrow_forward
- What do facilitated diffusion, primary active transport and secondary active transport have in common? a) their ability to transport molecules depends on a membrane protein b) they utilize energy in the form of ATP to move molecules c) they move small, lipophilic molecules across the membrane d) they can move molecules against a concentration gradientarrow_forwardIn terms of their effect on the rate of diffusion, which of the following is the odd one out? a) decreasing the surface area of the membrane b) decreasing membrane permeability c) decreasing lipid solubility of the diffusing molecule d) decreasing the concentration gradient of the diffusing molecule e) decreasing the thickness of the membranearrow_forwardIn terms of their effect on the rate of diffusion, which of the following is the odd one out? a) increasing surface area of the membrane b) increasing the permeability of the membrane c) increasing the concentration gradient of the diffusing molecule d) increasing the molecular weight of the diffusing moleculearrow_forward
- Which of the following is true of exocytosis, but not true of facilitated diffusion? Select all that apply. A) Involves transport vesicles B) May be used to move a hydrophilic substance to the other side of the membrane C) Requires energy D) Always moves a substance down its concentration gradient E) Always results in a substance exiting from the cell .arrow_forwardMatch the definitions with the words: Direct Diffusion, Facilitated Transport, Active Transport a) passive movement of molecules through a protein channel, down the solute's concentration gradient b) using a vesicle to move many molecules into a cell c) movement of molecules through a protein transporter, requires ATP, against the solute's concentration gradientarrow_forwardThe major difference between active and passive transport is that ACTIVE TRANSPORT? a) moves things down their concentration gradients. b) uses membrane proteins called channels. c) requires energy. d) doesn t require energy. e) requires water molecules.arrow_forward
- Factors that affect the rate of diffusion through a membrane include all of the following EXCEPT: a)membrane surface area. b) molecular weight. c) availability of energy. d) steepness of concentration gradient.arrow_forwardSelect the best answer or answers from the choices given: The solute-pumping type of active transport is accomplished by (a) exocytosis, (b) phagocytosis, (c) electrical forces in the cell membrane, (d) changes in shape and position of transport molecules in the plasma membrane.arrow_forwardA blood cell with a 2% internal solute concentration is placed in a solution that has a 0.2% solute concentration. The solute is impermeable to the plasma membrane. How would you classify the solution compared to the cell – hypotonic, hypertonic or isotonic? Why? (2 pts.) B) Will the solutes move across the membrane? Why or why not? C) What type of transport would occur in this situation – diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, active transport or bulk transport. Explain. D) What would happen if the cell began to produce a new membrane protein that allowed the solutes to freely move in across the membrane? ould this change your answer to Part C? Explain.arrow_forward
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