Universe: Stars And Galaxies
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781319115098
Author: Roger Freedman, Robert Geller, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 3, Problem 45Q
To determine
The chances that a person might be able to travel one of those eclipse paths shown in Figure 3-14 and is it possible for a person that he might go through his entire life without ever seeing a total eclipse of the Sun.
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a) Why can many more people witness a total lunar eclipse than a total solar eclipse?
Why are some solar eclipses total, and others annular?
Based on what you've learn on the impact of the Earth-Sun distance on the seasons, what can you say about the the cause of the seasons? (Give ALL correct answers, i.e., B, AC, BCD...)A) Earth's axis is tilted an an angle of 23.5 degrees compared to a line perpendicular (straight up and down) to its orbit, which is the main cause for the seasons.B) Earth's speed varies in its orbit around the Sun, giving us summer when Earth is moving fastest and winter when Earth is moving slowest.C) The Earth-Sun distance play a major role in creating seasons on Earth.D) The tilt of Earth's axis causes the Northern Hemisphere to be closer to the Sun than the southern hemisphere in summer, and vice versa in winter. E) The tilt of Earth's axis causes different portions of the Earth to receive more or less direct sunlight at different times of year.F) Earth's Northern Hemisphere is always tilted away from the Sun at an angle of 23.5 degrees.G) Earth's Northern Hemisphere is always tilted toward the Sun…
Part 3
1. The diameter of the Sun is 1,391,400 km. The diameter of the Moon is 3,474.8 km. Find
the ratio, r= Dsa/Dsvan between the sizes.
2. From the point of view of an obs erver on Eanth (consider the Earth as a point-like object),
during the eclipse, the Moon covers the Sun exactly. Sketch a picture to illustrate this
fact. Use a nuler to get a straight line. Your drawing does not need to be in scale.
3. The Sun is 1 Astronomical Unit (AU) away from the Earth. Find the distance between the
Earth and the Moon in AU's using the ratio of similar triangles. Show your work.
DEM=
AU.
Convert this to kilometers. Use 1 AU = 149,600,000 km.
DEM =
km.
Chapter 3 Solutions
Universe: Stars And Galaxies
Ch. 3 - Prob. 1QCh. 3 - Prob. 2QCh. 3 - Prob. 3QCh. 3 - Prob. 4QCh. 3 - Prob. 5QCh. 3 - Prob. 6QCh. 3 - Prob. 7QCh. 3 - Prob. 8QCh. 3 - Prob. 9QCh. 3 - Prob. 10Q
Ch. 3 - Prob. 11QCh. 3 - Prob. 12QCh. 3 - Prob. 13QCh. 3 - Prob. 14QCh. 3 - Prob. 15QCh. 3 - Prob. 16QCh. 3 - Prob. 17QCh. 3 - Prob. 18QCh. 3 - Prob. 19QCh. 3 - Prob. 20QCh. 3 - Prob. 21QCh. 3 - Prob. 22QCh. 3 - Prob. 23QCh. 3 - Prob. 24QCh. 3 - Prob. 25QCh. 3 - Prob. 26QCh. 3 - Prob. 27QCh. 3 - Prob. 28QCh. 3 - Prob. 29QCh. 3 - Prob. 30QCh. 3 - Prob. 31QCh. 3 - Prob. 32QCh. 3 - Prob. 33QCh. 3 - Prob. 34QCh. 3 - Prob. 35QCh. 3 - Prob. 36QCh. 3 - Prob. 37QCh. 3 - Prob. 38QCh. 3 - Prob. 39QCh. 3 - Prob. 40QCh. 3 - Prob. 41QCh. 3 - Prob. 42QCh. 3 - Prob. 43QCh. 3 - Prob. 44QCh. 3 - Prob. 45QCh. 3 - Prob. 46QCh. 3 - Prob. 47QCh. 3 - Prob. 48QCh. 3 - Prob. 49QCh. 3 - Prob. 50Q
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- A total eclipse of the Sun was visible from Canada on July 10, 1972. When did an eclipse occur next with the same EarthMoonSun geometry? From what part of Earth was it total?arrow_forwardIf a solar eclipse occurs on October 3: (a) Why can’t there be a lunar eclipse on October 13 of that same year? (b) Why can’t there be a solar eclipse on December 28 of that same year?arrow_forwardExplain why some solar eclipses are total and some are annular.arrow_forward
- The nearest star to our sun is Proxima Centauri, at a distance of 4.3 light-years from the Sun. A light-year is the distance that light travels in one year (365 days). How far away, in kilometers, is Proxima Centauri from the Sun?Express your answer using two significant figures.arrow_forwardWhat is an annular eclipse? Explain why annular eclipses occur.arrow_forwardI am trying to plot the ground tracks of an orbit. But I am having a problem with finding the longitude. The equation for the longitude is shown in the image. Is the Theta GMST initially zero because the greenwich meridian points to the Aries point (x-axis). How do you calculate alpha or vernal equinox? I saw a formula for alpha which is alpha = arctan(ry/rx), but the formula was for Right Ascension angle. Is the right ascension angle the same as vernal equinox. If not, then what is the formula for vernal equinox.arrow_forward
- How can we calculate the duration of an eclipsearrow_forwardA solar eclipse is only visible over a narrow strip on the Earth's surface. This is most closely associated with: Select one alternative: The ways in which our view of the sky depends on latitude. The combination of the Earth's rotation on its axis and its movement around the sun. The elliptical nature of the moon's orbit. The perspective dependence associated with parallax. Solar eclipses are actually visible to everyone on the daylight side of the earth.arrow_forwardGiven the location of Springfield, IL is 40N and 90W, answer the following questions. You must explain your answer to each question When Springfield’s day light time is about 9 hours, what is the Sun-angle in Springfield? Use your calculation to explain your answerarrow_forward
- EAn astronaut arrives on the planet Oceania and climbs to the top of a cliff overlooking the sea. The astronaut's eye is 100 m above the sea level and he observes that the horizon in all directions appears to be at angle of 5 mrad below the local horizontal. What is the radius of the planet Oceania at sea level? How far away is the horizon from the astronaut? 6000 km and 50 km 3600 km and 20 km 2000 km and 40 km 8000 km and 40 kmarrow_forwardThis photo shows the annular eclipse of May 30, 1984. How is it different from the annular eclipse shown in Figure 3-10c? Figure 310 (a) Because the angular diameter of the Moon and the Sun vary slightly, the disk of the Moon is sometimes too small to cover the disk of the Sun. (b) That means the umbra of the Moon does not reach Earth, and the eclipse is annular, meaning a ring ("annulus") of the Sun's disk can be seen around the Moon. (c) In this photograph of an annular eclipse in 1994, the dark disk of the Moon is almost exactly centered on the bright disk of the Sun.arrow_forward
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