Chemistry: The Science in Context (Fifth Edition)
Chemistry: The Science in Context (Fifth Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780393614046
Author: Thomas R. Gilbert, Rein V. Kirss, Natalie Foster, Stacey Lowery Bretz, Geoffrey Davies
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 3, Problem 3.125AP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The values of a,b,c,d,x,y and z in the formula of given compounds of uranium and the charge on the molecule UaOb is to be determined.

Concept introduction: The compound UOx(NO3)y(H2O)x decomposes to U3O8 at higher temperature and decomposes to UO3 at moderate or lower temperature.

To determine: The values of a and b in the compound UaOb and the charge on U in this molecule.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 3.125AP

Solution

The value of a is 1 and b is 2 . The charge on uranium in UO3 is +6 .

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

Given

The mass percent of uranium in UaOb is 83.22% .

The mass percent of oxygen in UaOb is 16.78% .

The number of moles of the given element is calculated by using the formula,

Numberofmoles=MassMolarmass (1)

Substitute the values of mass and molar mass of uranium in the equation (1).

MolesofU=0.8322g238.0g/mol=0.00349mol

Substitute the values of mass and molar mass of oxygen in the equation (1).

MolesofO=0.1678g16.00g/mol=0.0105mol

The calculated values are divided by the smallest number of moles to determine the simplest whole number ratio of moles of each constituent,

For uranium (U) ,

U=0.00349mol0.00349mol=1

For oxygen (O) ,

O=0.0105mol0.00349mol=3.0

Therefore, the formula of given compound is UO3 .

The charge on the uranium in UO3 is calculated by using the formula,

ChargeonU+3×chargeonO=Chargeonmolecule

Substitute the values of charge on oxygen and molecule in the above equation.

U+3×2=0U=+6

Thus, the value of a is 1 and b is 2 and the charge on uranium in UO3 is +6 .

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The values of a and b in the compound UcOd and the charge on U in this molecule.

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 3.125AP

Solution

The value of c is 3 and d is 8 . The charge on uranium in U3O8 is +5.3 .

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

Given

The mass percent of uranium in UcOd is 84.8% .

The mass percent of oxygen in UcOd is 15.2% .

The number of moles of the given element is calculated by using the formula,

Numberofmoles=MassMolarmass (1)

Substitute the values of mass and molar mass of uranium in the equation (1).

MolesofU=0.848g238.0g/mol=0.00356mol

Substitute the values of mass and molar mass of oxygen in the equation (1).

MolesofO=0.152g16.00g/mol=0.0095mol

The calculated values are divided by the smallest number of moles to determine the simplest whole number ratio of moles of each constituent,

For uranium (U) ,

U=0.00356mol0.00356mol=1

For oxygen (O) ,

O=0.0095mol0.00356mol=2.67

The numbers obtained are multiplied with 3 to obtain the simplest whole number ratio of the corresponding elements. Therefore, the formula of given compound is U3O8 .

The charge on the uranium in U3O8 is calculated by using the formula,

3×ChargeonU+8×chargeonO=Chargeonmolecule

Substitute the values of charge on oxygen and molecule in the above equation.

3U+8×2=0U=+5.3

Thus, the value of c is 3 and d is 8 and the charge on uranium in U3O8 is +5.3 .

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: The values of x,y and z in the compound UOx(NO3)y(H2O)x .

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 3.125AP

Solution

The value of x is 2 , y is 2 and the value of z is 6 in the given compound.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

Given

The compound UOx(NO3)y(H2O)x decomposes to UOx(NO3)y on heating which at higher temperature converted into uranium oxide.

The mass of compound UOx(NO3)y(H2O)x is 1.328g .

The mass of UOx(NO3)y in the reaction is 1.042g .

The mass of uranium oxide in the reaction is 0.742g .

The reaction involving the decomposition of UOx(NO3)y(H2O)x into UOx(NO3)y is,

UOx(NO3)y(H2O)xΔUOx(NO3)y+zH2O

The mass of water in the reaction is calculated by subtracting the mass of UOx(NO3)y(H2O)x and UOx(NO3)y which is given as,

MassofH2O=1.328g1.042g=0.286g

The compound UOx(NO3)y at higher temperature decomposes into the U3O8 , NO2 , NO and O2 which is shown by the equation.

UOx(NO3)yΔU3O8+NO2+NO+O2

The mass of nitrogen oxides and oxygen in the reaction is calculated by subtracting the mass of UOx(NO3)y and U3O8 which is given as,

MassofNandO=1.042g0.742g=0.300g

Since, the nitrogen and oxygen are present in 2:5 amount in the side products of the reaction. Therefore, the mass of nitrogen and oxygen is calculated as,

For nitrogen

MassofN=27×0.300g=0.0857g

For oxygen

MassofO=57×0.300g=0.214g

The mass of uranium and oxygen in U3O8 is calculated by multiplying their mass percent with the mass given in the reaction.

For uranium

MassofU=84.8%×0.742g=0.629g

For oxygen

MassofO=15.2%×0.742g=0.113g

The total mass of oxygen in the given compound is,

TotalmassofO=0.113g+0.214g=0.327g

The number of moles of the given element is calculated by using the formula,

Numberofmoles=MassMolarmass (1)

Substitute the values of mass and molar mass of uranium in the equation (1).

MolesofU=0.629g238.0g/mol=0.00264mol

Substitute the values of mass and molar mass of oxygen in the equation (1).

MolesofO=0.327g16.00g/mol=0.0204mol

Substitute the values of mass and molar mass of nitrogen in the equation (1).

MolesofN=0.0857g14.0g/mol=0.0061mol

Substitute the values of mass and molar mass of water in the equation (1).

MolesofH2O=0.286g18.01g/mol=0.0159mol

The calculated values are divided by the smallest number of moles to determine the simplest whole number ratio of moles of each constituent,

For uranium (U) ,

U=0.00264mol0.00264mol=1

For oxygen (O) ,

O=0.0204mol0.00264mol=8.0

For nitrogen (N) ,

N=0.0061mol0.00264mol=2.0

For water (H2O) ,

O=0.0159mol0.00264mol=6.0

Therefore, the formula of given compound is UO2(NO3)2(H2O)6 .

Conclusion

The value of a is 1 and b is 2 . The charge on uranium in UO3 is +6 .

The value of c is 3 and d is 8 . The charge on uranium in U3O8 is +5.3 .

The value of x is 2 , y is 2 and the value of z is 6 in the given compound

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Chapter 3 Solutions

Chemistry: The Science in Context (Fifth Edition)

Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 11PECh. 3.5 - Prob. 12PECh. 3.5 - Prob. 13PECh. 3.6 - Prob. 14PECh. 3.6 - Prob. 15PECh. 3.6 - Prob. 16PECh. 3.7 - Prob. 17PECh. 3.8 - Prob. 18PECh. 3.8 - Prob. 19PECh. 3.9 - Prob. 20PECh. 3.9 - Prob. 21PECh. 3.9 - Prob. 22PECh. 3.9 - Prob. 23PECh. 3 - Prob. 3.1VPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.2VPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.3VPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.4VPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.5VPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.6VPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.7VPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.8VPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.9VPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.10VPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.11QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.12QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.13QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.14QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.15QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.16QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.17QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.18QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.19QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.20QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.21QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.22QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.23QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.24QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.25QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.26QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.27QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.28QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.29QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.30QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.31QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.32QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.33QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.34QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.35QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.36QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.37QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.38QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.39QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.40QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.41QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.42QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.43QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.44QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.45QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.46QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.47QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.48QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.49QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.50QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.51QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.52QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.53QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.54QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.55QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.56QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.57QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.58QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.59QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.60QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.61QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.62QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.63QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.64QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.65QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.66QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.67QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.68QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.69QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.70QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.71QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.72QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.73QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.74QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.75QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.76QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.77QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.78QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.79QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.80QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.81QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.82QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.83QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.84QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.85QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.86QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.87QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.88QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.89QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.90QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.91QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.92QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.93QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.94QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.95QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.96QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.97QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.98QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.99QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.100QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.101QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.102QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.103QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.104QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.105QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.106QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.107QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.108QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.109QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.110QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.111QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.112QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.113QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.114QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.115QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.116QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.117QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.118QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.119QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.120QPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.121APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.122APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.123APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.124APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.125APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.126APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.127APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.128APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.129APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.130APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.131APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.132APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.133APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.134APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.135APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.136APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.137APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.138APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.139APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.140APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.141APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.142APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.143APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.144APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.145APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.146APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.147APCh. 3 - Prob. 3.148AP
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