Biological Science (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780321976499
Author: Scott Freeman, Kim Quillin, Lizabeth Allison, Michael Black, Emily Taylor, Greg Podgorski, Jeff Carmichael
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 3, Problem 12PIAT
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Normally when you eat food, the digestive enzymes break down proteins into their respective amino acids and these amino acids are further converted into short strings of amino acids called peptides. Glutens are resistant to digestion in the small intestine and sometimes peptides disrupt the lining of the small intestine.
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Which of the following statements about amino acids is true?
A. Twenty two amino acids are commonly found in proteins.
B. Amino acids are often linked together to form branched polymers.
C. All amino acids contain an NH2 and a COOH group.
D. Most of the amino acids used in protein biosynthesis have charged side chains.
Write the structure, identify the R groups and describe the chemical properties of these amino acids.
A. Alanine
B. Serine
C. Sucrose
What is the chemical difference between cellulose and chitin?
Select one:
a.
Replacement of the hydroxyl group at C5 with an acetylated amino group
b.
Replacement of the hydroxyl group at C3 with an acetylated amino group
c.
Replacement of the hydroxyl group at C4 with an acetylated amino group
d.
Replacement of the hydroxyl group at C2 with an acetylated amino group
Chapter 3 Solutions
Biological Science (6th Edition)
Ch. 3 - 1. What two functional groups are bound to the...Ch. 3 - 2. What type of bond is directly involved in the...Ch. 3 - What type of information is used to direct...Ch. 3 - 4. What is an active site?
a. the location in an...Ch. 3 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 3 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 3 - 7. Why are proteins not considered to be a good...Ch. 3 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 3 - Prob. 9TYPSSCh. 3 - 10. Make a concept map (see BioSkills 12) that...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- At the physiological pH in the human body, amino acids are typically in the zwitterionic form. What is a zwitterion? A. A molecule that has parts that are charged but has an overall neutral charge. B. A molecule that has parts that are neutral but has an overall positive or negative charge. C. A molecule that has is charged at physiological pH. D. A molecule that has more than 1 charged ion.arrow_forwardBeta-sheets are roughly planar structures, in which the backbone hydrogen bonding pattern defines the plane. Where are the side chains in a sheet? Select one: a. The side-chains are on the outside of the sheet. O b. The side-chains are in the plane of the sheet, with residues from one chain on one side of the sheet, and residues from the other chain being on the other side. The side-chains do not have a consistent pattern. d. The side-chains are perpendicular to the plane of the sheet, with residues from one chain being above and residues from the other being below the plane of the sheet. C. e. The side-chains are perpendicular to the plane of the sheet, with residues from each chain alternating between above and below the plane of the sheet. O f. The side-chains are in the plane of the sheet, with residues from each chain alternating being on one side or the other of the sheet. g. Beta-sheets are rarely observed in proteins.arrow_forwardWhat type of intermolecular forces exist between the side chains of each of the following pairs of amino acids? a. isoleucine and valine c. Lys and Glu b. threonine and phenylalanine d. Arg and Asparrow_forward
- Draw the two dipeptides formed from each pair of amino acids. a. tyrosine and lysine b. threonine and glutamine c. alanine and histidinearrow_forwardYou have two bottles, each of which contains a white, crystalline substance. Your lab director tells you that one contains lactose and the other sucrose. Your job is to determine which bottle contains which sugar. Which procedure would you use? A. Test for the ability to reduce Cu2+. Only lactose will react. B. Test both for solubility in water. Sucrose is very soluble; lactose is only minimally soluble. C. React each with bromine (Br2) water. Only sucrose will react. D. Dissolve each in water and record the pH. Lactose is far more acidic than sucrose. Termites and cows have bacteria in their digestive tracts that can obtain glucose from plant cellulose because they have enzymes that can attack A. α-D-glucoside. B. β-D-glucoside. C. cellulose branch points. D. hydrogen bonds in cellulose fibrils. The chemical name for table sugar is ________ and it is a ________. A. lactose; disaccharide…arrow_forwardWhat is the role of glycerol in lipids? (Select one or more) A. Platform for attachment of polar side chains to cholesterol B. platform for fatty acids in phospholipids C. platform for fatty acids in fat D. platform for isoprenoid sidechain in steroidsarrow_forward
- Human insulin is made up of A chain with 21 amino acid residues and B chain with 30 amino acid residues.How many peptide bonds are in each chain? O a. 19 peptide bonds in A chain and 28 peptide bonds in B chain O b. 21 peptide bonds in A chain and 30 peptide bonds in B chain O c. 22 peptide bonds in A chain and 31 peptide bonds in B chain O d. 20 peptide bonds in A chain and 29 peptide bonds in B chain O e. 23 peptide bonds in A chain and 32 peptide bonds in B chainarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true about amino acids? a. All twenty (20) of these protein-derived amino acids are a-amino acids, meaning that the amino group is located on the carbon alpha to the carboxyl group. b. For nineteen (19) of the twenty (20) amino acids, the a-amino group is primary. Glycine is different; its a-amino group is secondary. c. With the exception of proline, the a-carbon of each amino acid is a chiral center. As shown in Table 27.1, all 19 chiral amino acids have the same relative d. Both a & carrow_forwardIdentify and describe the polymer structures of a protein that constitutes its unique conformation. (b) Enzymes function is dependent upon its shape. Identify ONE environmental factor and explain the way in which it affects its function. refer to picturearrow_forward
- What is the general characteristic of protein domains? A. All protein domains exhibit both a and B structures B. Protein domains constitute supersecondary structures that have specific biological functions in proteins. C. Most protein domains can be hydrolyzed from parent polypeptide chains while retaining functions and/or structures that are conserved. D. Protein domains constitute the structural block from which the protein is built E. Protein domains contain motifs that are the binding sites for prosthetic groups such as heme, or the iron-sulfur clusters.arrow_forwardDraw the reaction that links two amino acids together for the polymerization of proteins What type of reaction is this?arrow_forwardThe following diagram shows a short piece of a protein. Use the diagram to answer the following questions. A. What three amino acids are present in the segment? B. How many peptide bonds are present? C. Which amino acid is at the N terminus?arrow_forward
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