Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 29, Problem 3Q
Summary Introduction
To review:
The effect of pronounced climate change on the plants with arbuscular mycorrhizal
Introduction:
Some plants live in a symbiotic relationship with AMF. The association is strong in the plants residing in the mature forests as compared to plants that live on the forest edge or in the disturbed areas. The garlic mustard is an invasive species of plants from Eurasia that has caused a massive damage to the native pants of North America, like Alliaria petiolata.
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Chapter 29 Solutions
Life: The Science of Biology
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- What are the potential long-term ecological consequences of widespread fungal infections on plant communities and ecosystem dynamics?arrow_forwardWhat are some ways in which the relationship between a plant root and a mycorrhizal fungus is mutualistic?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is true of mychrrhizae? 1. The fungal hyphae of ectomycorrhizae form arbuscles. 2. Ectomycorrhizae penetrate the cytoplasm of root cells. 3. Endomycorrhizal fungal hyphae form a dense mantle ensheathing roots. 4. Ectomycorrhizae are found in many crop plants such as wheat and maize. 5. Ectomycorrhizal fungal hyphae form a dense mantle ensheathing roots.arrow_forward
- Why is the large surface area of the mycelium essential for nutrient acquisition by fungi?arrow_forwardOn the basic structure of fungi especially on the fungal cell membrane, what do you think are the potential targets for antifungal therapy?arrow_forwardLichen-forming fungi are generally capable of reproducing by the production of ascospores: single-celled reproductive units small enough to be carried away on the air. What questions does this fact pose about the obligate / facultative nature of this mutualism?arrow_forward
- Mycorrhizal fungi form obligate symbiotic relationships within plants. They are able to fix N2 into a usable form of nitrogen. In exchange, they receive nutrition from the plant. Which of the following is a true statement concerning mycorrhizal fungi? a) Finding a host plant is not crucial to their survival. b) They are a dominant species. c) They cannot survive without the host plant. d) They are considered plant parasites.arrow_forwardAs noted in Section 46.7, mycorrhizal fungi help prevent carbon in the soil from escaping into the atmosphere. These fungi also benefit a host plant by providing it with a share of the phosphorus and nitrogen that their hyphae take up from soil. Most crop plants are capable of forming a relationship with mycorrhizal fungi, if any are present in the soil. Some people have suggested that inoculating soil with fungal spores could help reduce the use of industrially produced fertilizer. What are some potential advantages of using fungi, rather than chemical fertilizers, to enhance plant growth?arrow_forwardDescribe two ways in which fungal spores arise. Asexual spores, sporiangiospores, chlamydiospores etc..arrow_forward
- More fungal diseases are recognized than were known just a decade ago. For example, in 2012, hundreds of patients developed a meningitis caused by a fungus never before known to cause disease. Why is this the case? Why are mycoses among the most difficult diseases to treat?arrow_forwardWhy do yeasts generally have to be cultured for longer periods than most bacteria? Can bacteriological media be used for the cultivation of molds? Explain your answer. What is the difference between vegetative and aerial mycelia? What are the three classes of antifungal drugs based on their mechanism/site of action? Describe the mode of action of each class. Name one fungal virulence factors that promote fungal colonization. Explain the mechanism. Name one fungal virulence factors that damage the host. Explain the mechanism.arrow_forwardWhich pair of terms is best associated with ectomycorrhiza? tree roots, exterior vegetable crop roots, exterior fungus, interior nitrogen fixing, exterior water absorption, interiorarrow_forward
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