Concept explainers
To write:
About the circulation of reptiles and amphibians
Introduction:
Animal belongs to subphylum Vertebrata are called vertebrates. Vertebrates have a vertebral column and specialized cells that develop from the nerve cord. The vertebral column, also called a spinal column, is the hallmark feature of vertebrates. Classes of vertebrates include fishes, reptiles, amphibians, mammals, and birds. Vertebrates have a closed circulatory system in which the heart pumps blood through vessels.
Explanation of Solution
In most reptiles, oxygen from the lungs enters into a circulatory system that is similar to that of amphibians. Most reptiles have two separate atria and one ventricle that are partially divided by an incomplete septum. In crocodiles, however, the septum in the ventricles is complete, thereby resulting in a four-chambered heart. The separation into two ventricles keeps oxygen-rich blood separate from the oxygen-poor blood throughout the heart. Because reptiles generally are larger than amphibians, they need to pump blood forcefully enough to reach parts of the body far away from the heart.
The circulatory system of amphibian is consists of a double loop instead of the single loop. The first loop moves oxygen-poor blood from the heart to pick up oxygen in the lungs and skin, and then moves the oxygen-filled blood back to the heart. During circulation in the second loop, blood filed with oxygen moves from the heart through vessels to the body, where the oxygen diffuses into cells.
Reptiles have a double loop circulatory system with a loop that carries blood from and to the lungs and another loop that brings blood from and to the rest of the body. Amphibians have circulatory system with a single loop.
Chapter 29 Solutions
Biology Illinois Edition (Glencoe Science)
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Microbiology: An Introduction (13th Edition)
Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology Plus Mastering A&P with eText - Access Card Package (10th Edition) (New A&P Titles by Ric Martini and Judi Nath)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Campbell Essential Biology (7th Edition)
Campbell Biology (10th Edition)
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
- Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)BiologyISBN:9780134580999Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. HoehnPublisher:PEARSONBiology 2eBiologyISBN:9781947172517Author:Matthew Douglas, Jung Choi, Mary Ann ClarkPublisher:OpenStaxAnatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781259398629Author:McKinley, Michael P., O'loughlin, Valerie Dean, Bidle, Theresa StouterPublisher:Mcgraw Hill Education,
- Molecular Biology of the Cell (Sixth Edition)BiologyISBN:9780815344322Author:Bruce Alberts, Alexander D. Johnson, Julian Lewis, David Morgan, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter WalterPublisher:W. W. Norton & CompanyLaboratory Manual For Human Anatomy & PhysiologyBiologyISBN:9781260159363Author:Martin, Terry R., Prentice-craver, CynthiaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Publishing Co.Inquiry Into Life (16th Edition)BiologyISBN:9781260231700Author:Sylvia S. Mader, Michael WindelspechtPublisher:McGraw Hill Education