Prescott's Microbiology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781260211887
Author: WILLEY, Sandman, Wood
Publisher: McGraw Hill
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Textbook Question
Chapter 27.4, Problem 3CC
What is the competitive exclusion principle? List another example where this principle is demonstrated in the natural world.
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In a population of cyanobacteria (Chlorogloeopsis fritschii) in a hot spring in Iceland, some of the bacteria can produce chlorophyll f, while some C. fritschii produce only other types of chlorophylls. Chlorophyll f absorbs light outside of the visible light spectrum, namely near infrared light, allowing the bacteria to absorb light that has not been absorbed or reflected by the water or other organisms. The ability to produce chlorophyll f is heritable, and the bacteria with chlorophyll f can live in low-light environments, such as underneath other organisms, or near the bottom of the light-penetrating zone of the spring. What is the adaptation in this population of C. fritschii living in low-light environments? (Choose one.)
a) the ability to produce chlorophyll f
b) the ability to produce any type of chlorophyll
c) the ability to tolerate the high temperatures of the hot spring
d) the ability to survive and reproduce
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Define interference competition. Give one example that supports competitive
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Chapter 27 Solutions
Prescott's Microbiology
Ch. 27.2 - What methanogenic substrates are also available in...Ch. 27.2 - What is the nutritional type of the endosymbiotic...Ch. 27.2 - How could one test to see if an insect-microbe...Ch. 27.2 - What is the role of the Riftia tube worms...Ch. 27.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 27.2 - What is meant by tight trophic coupling between...Ch. 27.2 - Why is it important that the rumen is a reducing...Ch. 27.2 - Describe the mutualism between methanogenic...Ch. 27.2 - How does cooperation differ from mutualism? What...Ch. 27.2 - Why is the X. nematophilaS. carpocapsae symbiosis...
Ch. 27.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 27.3 - Why is nitrification a good example of a...Ch. 27.3 - Describe the amensalism observed in attine ant...Ch. 27.3 - Prob. 4CCCh. 27.4 - How does myxobacterial predation differ from that...Ch. 27.4 - Define predation and parasitism. How are these...Ch. 27.4 - What is a lichen? Why is this considered an...Ch. 27.4 - What is the competitive exclusion principle? List...Ch. 27 - Prob. 1RCCh. 27 - Prob. 2RCCh. 27 - Prob. 3RCCh. 27 - Prob. 4RCCh. 27 - Prob. 5RCCh. 27 - Prob. 6RCCh. 27 - Prob. 7RCCh. 27 - Prob. 8RCCh. 27 - Prob. 9RCCh. 27 - Prob. 10RCCh. 27 - Prob. 11RCCh. 27 - Prob. 12RCCh. 27 - Prob. 13RCCh. 27 - Describe an experimental approach to determine if...Ch. 27 - Prob. 2ALCh. 27 - Prob. 3ALCh. 27 - Prob. 4AL
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- Which of these is an example of inductive reasoning? A) Hundreds of individuals of a species have been observed and all are photosynthetic; therefore, the species is photosynthetic. B) These organisms live in sunny regions. Therefore, they are using photosynthesis. C) If protists are all single-celled, then they are incapable of aggregating. D) If two species are members of the same genus, they are more alike than each of them could be to a different genus.arrow_forwardWhich of the following can explain why species are able to coexist, even if the competitive exclusion principle is generally true? a) Species may be competitively equivalent, with the outcome of each competitive encounter being essentially random. b) Competitive exclusion may take many generations; prior to that point, there will be coexistence. c) Spatial heterogeneity in the distribution and concentrations of limiting resources can result in variation in the strength of competition across the landscape. choose all the answers that apply.arrow_forwardThe amoeba Pelomyxa palustris is a single-celled eukaryote with nomitochondria, but it contains symbiotic bacteria that can live in thepresence of oxygen. How does this observation support theendosymbiont theory?arrow_forward
- Two-component system (TCS) allows an organism in adapting to changes in the environment. It is available mostly in prokaryotes but is also available to some eukaryotes. a) Justify the importance of TCS.arrow_forwardWhy might bacteria use quorum sensing to regulate genes needed for virulence? How might this reason be related to the rationale behind using quorum sensing to establish a symbiotic relationship?arrow_forwardname the 2 things heterotrophic organisms include.arrow_forward
- Colony collapse disorder (CCD) is unexplained loss of entire bee colonies that has been occurring in increased numbers across the world. The cause of the disorder is unknown, although it has been suggested that pesticides may play a role. To study this phenomenon, 300 bee colonies at 20 different sites across the U.S. are analyzed. Colonies are classified as having no CCD symptoms (group 1) or as having CCD symptoms (group 2). Bee pollen is isolated from group 1 and group 2 colonies and analyzed for the presence of pesticides. Significantly higher average pesticide levels being found in group 2 colonies, the conclusion of the study states that increasing pesticides use may be leading to the death of bees and a loss of bee colonies in CCD. Does this study have a control group? If so, what is the control group? If not, why not?arrow_forwardBacteria grown in a lab experience what is called an 'exponential phase' of population growth. Suppose that, during this phase, a colony of Escherichia coli you are growing has a per capita growth rate, r, of 0.0347 per minute. If the size of your colony at the start of the exponential phase is 0.25 billion cells, then approximately how large will it be in 120 minutes?arrow_forwardWhat were some of the experimental results fluid mosaic model helped explain?arrow_forward
- Biologically, what conditions are necessary for stable coexistence of competitors? Describe the major ways that species can adapt to enhance the probability of stable coexistence.arrow_forwardIn a series of infection experiments, a researcher discovers that the ID50 value for the infectious bacterium Parasiticum mucoides is 100, and that the ID50 for another infectious bacterium, Donoteatum thisbacterium, is 15,000. Given these data, a person exposed to 1,000 bacteria of each type would be more likely to be infected by which bacterium? Group of answer choices There is no way to know given the information provided Both infections are equally likely Parasiticum mucoides Donoteatum thisbacteriumarrow_forwardDescribe and give (an example) the following relationships between organisms. a) predation b) parasitism c) mutualismarrow_forward
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