Manufacturing Engineering & Technology
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780133128741
Author: Serope Kalpakjian, Steven Schmid
Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Textbook Question
Chapter 27, Problem 49SDP
Precision engineering is a term that is used to describe manufacturing high-quality parts with close dimensional tolerances and good surface finish. Based on their process capabilities, make a list of advanced machining processes with decreasing order of the quality of parts produced. Comment on your observations.
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For the following application, identify one or more nontraditional machining processes that might be used, and present arguments to support your selection. Assume that either the part geometry or the work material (or both) preclude the use of conventional machining. The application is a matrix of 0.1 mm (0.004 in) diameter holes in a plate of 3.2 mm (0.125 in) thick hardened tool steel. The matrix is rectangular, 75 by 125 mm (3.0 by 5.0 in) with the separation between holes in each direction = 1.6 mm ( 0.0625 in).
For the following application, identify one or more nontraditional machining processes that might be used, and present arguments to support your selection. Assume that either the part geometry or the work material (or both) preclude the use of conventional machining. The application is a through-hole in the shape of the letter L in a 12.5 mm (0.5 in) thick plate of glass. The size of the "L" is 25 by 15 mm (1.0 by 0.6 in) and the width of the hole is 3 mm (1/8 in).
(a)
Figure 1 shows surface roughness and tolerances obtained in Chemical
Machining (CM) and Electrochemical Machining (ECM) process for different
types of electronic products.
Comment on the differences between chemical and electrochemical machining
process in terms of surface roughness and tolerance of the machined product as
illustrated in Figure 1.
0.9
CM
0.8
0.7
Z ECM
0.6
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
Product A
Product B
Product C
Product D
Products
25
E ČM
20
Z ECM
15
10
Product A
Product B
Product C
Product D
Products
Figure 1: Surface roughness and tolerances of various electronic products
Surface roughness, Ra
Tolerance, (t mm x 10)
Chapter 27 Solutions
Manufacturing Engineering & Technology
Ch. 27 - Describe the similarities and differences between...Ch. 27 - Name the processes involved in chemical machining....Ch. 27 - Explain the difference between chemical machining...Ch. 27 - What is the underlying principle of...Ch. 27 - Explain how the EDM process is capable of...Ch. 27 - What are the important features of the Blue Arc...Ch. 27 - What are the capabilities of wire EDM? Could this...Ch. 27 - Explain why laser Microjet has a large depth of...Ch. 27 - Describe the advantages of water-jet machining.Ch. 27 - What is the difference between photochemical...
Ch. 27 - What type of workpiece is not suitable for...Ch. 27 - What is an undercut? Why must it be considered in...Ch. 27 - Explain the principle of hybrid machining.Ch. 27 - Give technical and economic reasons that the...Ch. 27 - Why is the preshaping or premachining of parts...Ch. 27 - Explain why the mechanical properties of workpiece...Ch. 27 - Prob. 17QLPCh. 27 - Prob. 18QLPCh. 27 - Why has electrical-discharge machining become so...Ch. 27 - Prob. 20QLPCh. 27 - Which of the advanced machining processes would...Ch. 27 - Which of the processes described in require a...Ch. 27 - Describe your thoughts regarding the laser-beam...Ch. 27 - Are deburring operations still necessary for some...Ch. 27 - List and explain factors that contribute to a poor...Ch. 27 - What is the purpose of the abrasives in...Ch. 27 - Which of the processes described in this chapter...Ch. 27 - Is kerf width important in wire EDM? Explain.Ch. 27 - Comment on your observations regarding Fig. 27.4.Ch. 27 - Why may different advanced machining processes...Ch. 27 - A 200-mm-deep hole that is 30 mm in diameter is...Ch. 27 - If the operation in Problem 27.31 were performed...Ch. 27 - A cutting-off operation is being performed with a...Ch. 27 - A 0.80-in.-thick copper plate is being machined by...Ch. 27 - Explain why it is difficult to produce sharp...Ch. 27 - Make a list of the processes described in this...Ch. 27 - Would the processes described in this chapter be...Ch. 27 - Prob. 38SDPCh. 27 - Describe your thoughts as to whether the...Ch. 27 - Make a list of machining processes that may be...Ch. 27 - At what stage is the abrasive in abrasive...Ch. 27 - Describe the similarities and differences among...Ch. 27 - Describe the similarities and differences among...Ch. 27 - Describe any workpiece size limitations in...Ch. 27 - Suggest several design applications for the types...Ch. 27 - Based on the topics covered in Parts III and IV,...Ch. 27 - Review Example 27.1 and explain the relevant...Ch. 27 - Precision engineering is a term that is used to...Ch. 27 - With appropriate sketches, describe the principles...Ch. 27 - Make a table of the process capabilities of the...Ch. 27 - One of the general concerns regarding advanced...Ch. 27 - It can be seen that several of the processes...
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- Explain the distinct features of non-conventional machining which gave it superiority over the conventional machining?arrow_forwardFor the following application, identify one or more nontraditional machining processes that might be used, and present arguments to support your selection. Assume that either the part geometry or the work material (or both) preclude the use of conventional machining. The application is a blind-hole in the shape of the letter G in a 50 mm (2.0 in) cube of steel. The overall size of the "G" is 25 by 19 mm (1.0 by 0.75 in), the depth of the hole is 3.8 mm (0.15 in), and its width is 3 mm (1/8 in).arrow_forwardIn machining a mild steel work piece with carbide tool, the life of the tool was found to be 1 hour and 40 minutes, at a spindle speed of 30 m/min. Calculate the tool life if it has to be operated at a speed of 40% higher than the initial cutting speed. Also calculate the cutting speed if the tool is required to have a life of 2 hours and 45 minutes. Assume Taylor's exponent valuen is 0.28.arrow_forward
- Investigate the non-traditional machining methods. Describe each in your own words and sketch out the process and appropriate scale (inches/microns etc). Then tabulate the material removal mechanism, workpiece materials, applications, costs/speed, advantages and limitations/disadvantages of each. The slides are for your starting point. List references, articles, videos, etc... Mechanical Methods 1. Water Jet Machining (WJM) 2. Abrasive Water Jet Machining (AWJM) 3. Ultrasonic Machining (USM) Non-Mechanical Methods 1. Electrochemical Machining (ECM) 2. Electro-Discharge Machining (EDM) 3. Wire EDM 4. Laser Drilling 5. Electron beam machining (EBM)arrow_forward(a) Explain the difference between roughing and finishing operations in machining.(b) What are the parameters of a machining operation that are included within the scope of cuttingconditions?(c) What is the difference between threading and tapping?(d) A cylindrical workpiece is to be turned in a lathe. Determine the material removal rate if thecutting speed = 2.30 m/s, feed = 0.32 mm/rev, and depth of cut = 1.8 mm.(e) In a turning operation using high-speed steel tooling, the cutting speed = 110 m/min. The Taylortool life equation has parameters n = 0.140 and C = 150 (m/min) when the operation is conducteddry. When a coolant is used in the operation, the value of C is increased by 15%. Determine thepercent increase in tool life that will result if the cutting speed is maintained at 110 m/min.arrow_forwardWhat is surface roughness? Surface finish is one of the most important measures for determining the quality of products in machining. Explain in some details.arrow_forward
- A 600mm*30mm flat surface of a plate is to be finish machined on a shaper .The plate has been fixed with 600 mm side along the tool travel direction. If the tool over-travel at each end of the plate is 20 mm, average cutting speed is 8 m/min, feed rate is 0.3 mm/stroke and the ratio of return time to cutting time of the tool is 1:2 Determine time required for machining?arrow_forward(b) During a certain machining experiment at the UCSI workshop, it is observed that temperature at the tool workpiece interface is 1200 °C at a cutting speed of 300 mm/min with a feed rate of 0.002 mm/rev. (1) Analyse how the temperature will be affected if the cutting speed is increased by 100 %. (ii) Detemine the cutting speed necessary to achieve a maximum cutting temperature of 900 °C.arrow_forwardA slab milling operation is performed on the top surface of a tool-steel workpiece 450 mm long by 7.5 cm wide. The helical milling cutter, which has an 80 mm diameter and seven teeth, is set up to overhang the width of the part on both sides. Cutting speed is 4000 mm/min, feed is 0.015 cm/tooth, and depth of cut = 0.60 cm. Determine (a) the actual machining time to make one pass across the surface and (b) the maximum metal removal rate during the cut. (c) If an additional approach distance of 0.05 m is added at the beginning of the pass, and an overtravel distance at the end of the pass equal to the cutter radius plus 0.0115 cm, what is the duration of the feed motionarrow_forward
- Identify some of the reasons why machining is commercially and technologically important.arrow_forwardIn plane-strain orthogonal machining, the two main sources of energy dissipation are deformation along the shear plane (~70%) and friction at the tool-chip contact along the rake face (~30%). Consider plane-strain machining of a rigid perfectly-plastic work material whose uniaxial yield stress is 700 MPa, and is independent of strain rate and temperature. A tool of zero-degree rake angle is employed. Measurements showed the (deformed) chip thickness to be twice that of the undeformed chip thickness. Based on the aforementioned distribution of energy, estimate the specific energy for this process.arrow_forwardA 200 mm long magnesium alloy bar, 63 mm in diameter is turned on a lathe using a high speed steel cutter travelling at 180 mm/min. The spindle rotates at 450 rpm and lathe is equipped with a 10 kW motor, operating at a mechanical efficiency of 92%. The final diameter of the magnesium alloy bar is 59,5 mm. Indicate with a sketch the recommend size and location of the following tool angles: back rake, side rake, end relief, side relief and side and end cutting edge. Calculate the cutting time for the machining process.Calculate the required cutting force.arrow_forward
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