Organic Chemistry, Books a la Carte Edition (8th Edition)
Organic Chemistry, Books a la Carte Edition (8th Edition)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9780134074580
Author: Bruice, Paula Yurkanis
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 27, Problem 39P
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The mechanism for the formation of the given alternating copolymer has to be proposed.

Concept Introduction:

Polymers:

Monomers combine together to form polymers.  Monomers are the repeating units of small molecules which link together to form polymers and the process is called as polymerization.

Two types of polymers:

  • Synthetic and biopolymers.
  • DNA is an example for biopolymer and these type of polymers are synthesized by cells.
  • Polymers synthesized by scientists are called synthetic polymers and some examples are nylon, polyester etc.

Two types of synthetic polymers:

  • Chain-growth polymers or addition polymers and step-growth polymers or Condensation polymers.
  • Chain growth polymers are formed by the monomer addition to the end of a growing chain.
  • Step-growth polymers are formed by combining monomers by removing small molecules of water or alcohol.

Copolymers:

  • Polymers formed from two or more different monomers are called copolymers.
  • Classified into alternating copolymer, block copolymer, graft copolymer and also random copolymer.

    Organic Chemistry, Books a la Carte Edition (8th Edition), Chapter 27, Problem 39P

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Provide the mechanism for the step-growth polymerization of citric acid and ethylene glycol to form poly (ethylene glycol)-citrate. Show all steps.
The following two compounds form a 1 : 1 alternating copolymer. No initiator is needed for the polymerization. Propose a mechanism for formation of the copolymer.
Macromolecules can also be formed from cyclic monomers such as cyclic hydrocarbons, ethers, esters, amides, siloxanes, and sulfur (eight-membered ring). Thus, ring-opening polymerization is of particular interest, since macromolecules of almost any chemical structure can be prepared. Choose two of the above type polymers to explain the mechanism and chemical reaction of polymerization process.

Chapter 27 Solutions

Organic Chemistry, Books a la Carte Edition (8th Edition)

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