Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 27, Problem 2Q
Summary Introduction
To review:
The chances of coexistence/occurrence of fossils of spike moss and related members of last common ancestor of seed plants and ferns in the same geological strata. In case, these plants do not exist in the same strata, give the name of strata (lower or higher than that of the spike moss) where the last common ancestor of seed plants and ferns would occur.
Introduction:
Spike mosses usually have a tropical distribution and mainly grow in moist-shaded habitats. A few spike mosses are found in deserts. Some of the species of a group of lycophytes called spike mosses are popular for cultivation. They are perennial, terrestrial or annual plants, which lack true roots. The spike mosses belong to a single genus, Selaginella.
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The non-vascular plants are represented today by three phyla of small herbaceous plants namely: Phylum Hepatophyta, Phylum Anthocerophyta, and Phylum Bryophyta. Cite and explain how the structure fits function in bryophytes
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- Are mosses a direct ancestor of flowering plants? Explain.arrow_forwardHorsetalls are a group of seedless vascular plants are often representative of a separate evolutionary line of Pteridophytes. The photo below illustrates an unusual difference between the Pteridophytes and the Equisetales. Which answer below best represents this unusual difference? a Equisetales have a separate vegetative and fertile shoots Equisetales are gametophyte dominant Equisetales don't produce spores Equisetale sporophytes are nutritionally dependent upon the gametophyte phase MacBooarrow_forwardTrimerophytes were plants that probably evolved from rhyniophytes but with more derived features. In one feature, certain stems grow longer than others, and thus, rather than having dichotomous branching, they have branching (displayed especially by Pertica). Simultaneously, the positioning of branches became more and .arrow_forward
- Do mosses have an alternation of isomorphic or heteromorphic generations? That is, can you easily tell a moss gametophyte from a moss sporophyte? When we look at leafy green moss plants, what are we seeing—the gametophyte or the sporophyte? In a flowering plant species, would the equivalent stage be the plant or the pollen grains and megagametophytes?arrow_forwardFerns first appeared in the Devonian Period. Look at the inside of the back cover. How long ago was the Devonian Period? Unlike all the groups mentioned so far in this chapter, most of this group is still extant, not extinct. About how many species of modern (i.e., not extinct) ferns are there?arrow_forwardMonilophytes and seed plants both have megaphylls, as well as other traits not found in lycophytes. Explain this observation using the Figure in the picture and the concept of descent with modification.arrow_forward
- Draw a phylogeny of the following groups of the Archiplastida: red algae, charophytes, mosses, lycophytes, pterophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms. Mark on the phylogeny at least six evolutionary transitions in life cycle. Can you please draw on a sheet of paperarrow_forwardIn mosses and ferns, fertilization, and zygote and embryo formation occur in antheridia. True False Sporopollenin makes spores resistant to dry environment and degradation. True False Which of the following structures are in an archegonium of a moss? sterile jacket venter neck spermatogenous cells Ferns have roots and vascular tissues but mosses don't. True Falsearrow_forwardIf Rhynia or its contemporaries were the ancestors to the ferns, how did the gametophytes and sporophytes change during evolution?arrow_forward
- Ferns and their allies are both vascular plants which means they all contain the xylem & phloem for water and food transport. Discuss two significant developments/ features that evolved among the ferns that differentiate them from the lower vascular plants.arrow_forwardThe move to land had challenges that needed to be overcome, but the reward was great. Match each taxa (group) to the correct adaptation that taxa acquired to meet the challenges of life on land. Presence of a thing cuticle to resist drying out, produce spores, but no vascular system. Fungi Developed a chitin cell wall, produce spores, excrete digestive enzymes into their environment and absorb nutrients. Gymnosperms and Angiosperms Moss (Bryophytes) Have internal organs such as lungs rather than external organs such as gills. Developed weight-bearing limbs. Animals Presence of a vascular system, microscopic gametophyte, have substantial roots, and produce seeds. Ferns Presence of a vascular system, reduced gametophyte, produce spores.arrow_forwardWhy are Bryophytes regarded as "the amphibians of plant kingdom"?arrow_forward
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