Macroeconomics
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780134735696
Author: PARKIN, Michael
Publisher: Pearson,
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Chapter 27, Problem 16APA
To determine
Identify the combined effect of the events on Country U’s real GDP and the price level.
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In the long-run, aggregate supply is a horizontal line at the long-run price level
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Determinants of aggregate supply
The following graph shows an increase in short-run aggregate supply (AS) in a hypothetical economy where the currency is the dollar. Specifically, the short-run aggregate supply curve shifts to the right from AS1AS1 to AS2AS2, causing the quantity of output supplied at a price level of 100 to rise from $200 billion to $250 billion.
The following table lists several determinants of short-run aggregate supply.
Complete the table by selecting the changes in each scenario necessary to increase short-run aggregate supply.
Change Necessary to Increase AS
Technology
(DECLINES or IMPROVES)
Human capital
(IMPROVES or DECLINES)
Inflation expectations
(HIGHER or LOWER)
The following graph plots aggregate demand (AD2027AD2027) and aggregate supply (AS) for the imaginary country of Cotopaxi in the year 2027.
Suppose the natural level of output in this economy is $6 trillion.
On the following graph, use the green line (triangle symbol) to plot the long-run aggregate supply (LRAS) curve for this economy.
Economists forecast that if the government takes no action and the economy continues to grow at the current rate, aggregate demand in 2028 will be given by the curve labeled ADAADA, resulting in the outcome given by point A. If, however, the government pursues an expansionary policy, aggregate demand in 2028 will be given by the curve labeled ADBADB, resulting in the outcome given by point B.
The following table presents projections for the unemployment rates that would occur at point A and point B. Consider the potential rate of inflation between 2027 and 2028, depending on whether the economy moves from the initial price level of 102 to the…
Chapter 27 Solutions
Macroeconomics
Ch. 27.1 - Prob. 1RQCh. 27.1 - Prob. 2RQCh. 27.1 - Prob. 3RQCh. 27.1 - Prob. 4RQCh. 27.2 - Prob. 1RQCh. 27.2 - Prob. 2RQCh. 27.2 - Prob. 3RQCh. 27.3 - Prob. 1RQCh. 27.3 - Prob. 2RQCh. 27.3 - Prob. 3RQ
Ch. 27.3 - Prob. 4RQCh. 27.4 - Prob. 1RQCh. 27.4 - Prob. 2RQCh. 27.4 - Prob. 3RQCh. 27 - Prob. 1SPACh. 27 - Prob. 2SPACh. 27 - Prob. 3SPACh. 27 - Prob. 4SPACh. 27 - Prob. 5SPACh. 27 - Prob. 6SPACh. 27 - Prob. 7SPACh. 27 - Prob. 8SPACh. 27 - Prob. 9SPACh. 27 - Prob. 10APACh. 27 - Prob. 11APACh. 27 - Prob. 12APACh. 27 - Prob. 13APACh. 27 - Prob. 14APACh. 27 - Prob. 15APACh. 27 - Prob. 16APACh. 27 - Prob. 17APACh. 27 - Prob. 18APACh. 27 - Prob. 19APACh. 27 - Prob. 20APACh. 27 - Prob. 21APACh. 27 - Prob. 22APACh. 27 - Prob. 23APACh. 27 - Prob. 24APACh. 27 - Prob. 25APACh. 27 - Prob. 26APA
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- The following graph represents the short-run aggregate supply curve (SRAS) based on an expected price level of 180. The economy's full- employment output level is $9 trillion. Major unions across the country have recently negotiated three-year wage contracts with employers. The wage contracts are based on an expected price level of 180, but the actual price level turns out to be 240. Show the short-run effect of the unexpectedly high price level by dragging the curve or moving the point to the appropriate position. PRICE LEVEL (CPI) 380 300 240 180 80 0 3 SRAS[180] 9 12 REAL GDP (Trillions of dollars) 15 18 0 SRAS[180] 0arrow_forwardThe diagram below shows various points on three aggregate demand (AD) curves. A decrease in the price level will produce a movement between which of the following two points on the diagram above? From point X to point Y From point W to point Y From point W to point Z From point Z to point Y From point Y to point Zarrow_forwardThe following graph represents the short-run aggregate supply curve (SRAS) based on an expected price level of 120. The economy's full- employment output level is $9 trillion. Major unions across the country have recently negotiated three-year wage contracts with employers. The wage contracts are based on an expected price level of 120, but the actual price level turns out to be 160. Show the short-run effect of the unexpectedly high price level by dragging the curve or moving the point to the appropriate position. PRICE LEVEL (CPI) 240 200 160 40 0 0 3 SRAS[120] 6 9 12 REAL GDP (Trillions of dollars) 15 18 SRAS[120] 0 (?) Interpret the change you drew on the previous graph by filling in the blanks in the following paragraph:arrow_forward
- The following graph represents the aggregate supply (AS) curve based on an expected price level of 120. The economy's potential GDP level is $9 trillion. Major unions across the country have recently negotiated three-year wage contracts with employers. The wage contracts are based on an expected price level of 120, but the actual price level turns out to be 80. Show the short-run effect of the unexpectedly low price level by dragging the curve or moving the point to the appropriate position. Note: To move the curve, select and drag any part of the curve except the point. To move the point, select and drag the point along the curve. If you want to move both, first move the curve, and then move the point. The curve and point will snap into position, so if you try to move one of them and it snaps back to its original position, just try again and drag it a little farther. PRICE LEVEL 240 200 160 8 120 PRICE LEVEL 80 40 0 240 200 0 Interpret the change you drew on the previous graph by…arrow_forwardThe following events have occurred in the history of the United States: A deep recession hits the world economy. The world oil price rises sharply. S. businesses expect future profits to fall. Explain the separate effects of each event on U.S. real GDP and the price level, starting from a position of long-run equilibrium.arrow_forwardThe short-run quantity of output supplied by firms will exceed the natural level of output when the actual price level ———-that people expected.arrow_forward
- The following graph shows the aggregate demand curve (AD), the short-run aggregate supply curve (AS), and the long-run aggregate supply curve (LRAS) for a hypothetical economy. Initially, the expected price level equals the actual price level, and the economy experiences long-run equilibrium at a natural level of output of $120 billion. Suppose war in the world's main oil-producing region sharply reduces the world oil supply, causing oil prices to rise and increasing the costs of producing goods and services. Use the graph to help you answer the questions about the short-run and long-run effects of the increase in production costs that follow. (Note: You will not be graded on any adjustments made to the graph.) Hint: For simplicity, ignore any possible impact of the higher oil prices on the natural level of output. PRICE LEVEL 140 LRAS 135 130 125 120 115 110 105 AD ŏ AS AD 100 100 105 110 115 120 125 130 135 140 OUTPUT (Billions of dollars) AS LRAS (?) The short-run economic outcome…arrow_forwardMacroland is recognized as a high-income economy by the World Bank. The country of Macroland is now in a recession. Using a correctly labeled graph of the long run aggregate supply, short run aggregate supply, and aggregate demand curves and show each of the following: Current price level, labeled PL1 Current output, labelled Y1 Assume that Braveland, a major trading partner of Macroland, enters into a recession. Explain the effect on Macroland exports to Braveland On your graph in part (a) above, show the effect of the change identified in part (b) (i) above on real output in Macroland. How would this change in real output in Macroland affect unemployment in Macroland? Assume the recession in Braveland causes a decrease in the demand for Macroland dollars in the foreign exchange market. Braveland’s currency is the euro. Explain whether the euro will appreciate, depreciate, or remain…arrow_forwardMacroland is recognized as a high-income economy by the World Bank. The country of Macroland is now in a recession. Using a correctly labeled graph of the long run aggregate supply, short run aggregate supply, and aggregate demand curves and show each of the following: Current price level, labeled PL1 Current output, labelled Y1 Assume that Braveland, a major trading partner of Macroland, enters into a recession. Explain the effect on Macroland exports to Braveland On your graph in part (a) above, show the effect of the change identified in part (b) (i) above on real output in Macroland. How would this change in real output in Macroland affect unemployment in Macroland? Assume the recession in Braveland causes a decrease in the demand for Macroland dollars in the foreign exchange market. Braveland’s currency is the euro. Explain whether the euro will appreciate, depreciate, or remain…arrow_forward
- Macroland is recognized as a high-income economy by the World Bank. The country of Macroland is now in a recession. Using a correctly labeled graph of the long run aggregate supply, short run aggregate supply, and aggregate demand curves and show each of the following: Current price level, labeled PL1 Current output, labelled Y1 Assume that Braveland, a major trading partner of Macroland, enters into a recession. Explain the effect on Macroland exports to Braveland On your graph in part (a) above, show the effect of the change identified in part (b) (i) above on real output in Macroland. How would this change in real output in Macroland affect unemployment in Macroland? Assume the recession in Braveland causes a decrease in the demand for Macroland dollars in the foreign exchange market. Braveland’s currency is the euro. Explain whether the euro will appreciate, depreciate, or remain…arrow_forwardWhich of the following would shift the U.S. aggregate demand curve to the left? Select all correct answers. A drought reduces agricultural production. The economy of China slows and buys even fewer U.S.-made goods, An improvement in technology allows production to be more efficient. There is a rise in unemployment, decreasing the aggregate income of households. The value of the dollar decreases relative to foreign currencies.arrow_forwardSuppose firms become very pessimistic about future business conditions and significantly reduce investment spending. Show the short-run effect of this pessimism on the aggregate-demand curve. Price Level LRAS Aggregate Supply * Aggregate Demand Quantity of Output Aggregate Demand Aggregate Supply LRASarrow_forward
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