Prescott's Microbiology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781260211887
Author: WILLEY, Sandman, Wood
Publisher: McGraw Hill
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Chapter 26.2, Problem 2MI
Why do you think T4 evolved to initiate
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What is the function of reverse transcriptase in retroviruses?
a) It converts viral RNA into double-stranded DNA
Ob) It uses viral RNA as a template for making complementary RNA strands
Oc) It translates viral RNA into proteins
d) It uses viral DNA as a template for RNA synthesis
A cell is produced with a mutation that causes it produce a completely defective TFIIH. What does this likely mean for the fate of the cell?
A) The cell's copied DNA may contain more errors.
B) the cell cannot make RNA
C) Producing RNAs will be slower because the polymerase will fall off the DNA more often.
D) The cell cannot replicate its DNA
What is the term used to describe the genome of a bacterial cell that has been
infected by a phage utilizing lysogeny?
O 1) nucleocapsid
O 2) prophpage
O 3) provirus
O 4) lysogenome
O 5) chromatid
Chapter 26 Solutions
Prescott's Microbiology
Ch. 26.1 - List some characteristics used in classifying...Ch. 26.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.2 - Prob. 1MICh. 26.2 - Why do you think T4 evolved to initiate DNA...Ch. 26.2 - What function does HMC glycosylation serve?Ch. 26.2 - Explain why the T4 genome is circularly permuted.Ch. 26.2 - Prob. 1.2CCCh. 26.2 - How is a prophage induced to become active again?Ch. 26.2 - Describe the roles of cII, CIII, repressor (CI),...Ch. 26.2 - How do the temperate phages Mu and P1 differ from...
Ch. 26.2 - How is the envelope of this virus formed? How does...Ch. 26.2 - Why do cold sores recur throughout the lifetime of...Ch. 26.2 - In what part of the host cell does a herpesvirus...Ch. 26.2 - Many small DNA viruses rely on host enzymes for...Ch. 26.3 - Why is the X174 genome considered plus stranded?Ch. 26.3 - Why is it necessary for some ssDNA viruses to...Ch. 26.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.3 - How do parvoviruses trick the host DNA polymerase...Ch. 26.4 - The rotavirus genome encodes 12 proteins. Suggest...Ch. 26.4 - Describe the life cycle of 6 phage. What makes...Ch. 26.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 26.4 - In what ways are the life cycles of 6 and...Ch. 26.5 - Where in the host does the plus-strand RNA genome...Ch. 26.5 - How do some plus-strand viruses use polyproteins...Ch. 26.5 - What is an IRES? Why is it important?Ch. 26.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 26.6 - How does that use of a segmented genome by...Ch. 26.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.7 - Prob. 1MICh. 26.7 - Prob. 1CCCh. 26.7 - Prob. 2CCCh. 26.7 - Prob. 3CCCh. 26.8 - Prob. 1CCCh. 26.8 - Trace the HBV multiplication cycle, paying...Ch. 26 - Prob. 1RCCh. 26 - Prob. 2RCCh. 26 - Prob. 3RCCh. 26 - Prob. 4RCCh. 26 - No temperate RNA phages have yet been discovered....Ch. 26 - The choice between lysogeny and lysis is...Ch. 26 - Prob. 3ALCh. 26 - You are studying RNA viruses and have discovered a...Ch. 26 - Prob. 5ALCh. 26 - Prob. 6AL
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- The second step in viral replication is entry. For bacteriophage, entry usually involves: O a) direct entry of the nucleic acid into the cell. Ob) phagocytosis. c) membrane fusion mechanism of entry. d) receptor-mediated endocytosis.arrow_forwardWhy are prokaryotes able to replicate so much more quickly than eukaryotes? (Hint: What cellular components must be copied before a cell splits in two?) Why is this difference in replication rate an important part of our vulnerability to bacterial pathogens?arrow_forwardAssume you isolate a single stranded (+) RNA virus. When you examine the proteins in the virus, you find that it does NOT contain replicase enzymes within its capsid. Which of the following is true? This virus must have a gene that encodes replicase. This virus will not be able to enter a host cell. Its genome cannot be translated (the process of translation) by the host cell ribosomes. A DNA copy of the viral genome has to be made before viral genes are expressed. This virus must lack surface antigens.arrow_forward
- During the lytic replication cycle of the bacteriophage T4, the phage _________ remains outside the cell while the phage ________ enters the cell. A) capsid protein… tail fibers B) DNA… protein C) envelope… DNA D) enzymes… ribosome E) protein… genetic material F) RNA… capsid proteinarrow_forwardWhat does a bacteriophage accomplish with lysogeny? O 1) it allows the bacteriophage to destroy the host cell's DNA. 2) it enables the bacteriophage to take over the cell. O 3) it speeds up the viral infection cycle. 4) it allows the bacteriophage to infect cells it would not normally infect. O 5) the genetic material of the bacteriophage can be passed on to future generations of infected cells.arrow_forwardWhich process listed below allows genetic material to be transferred from a virus-like particle that lacks genes for its own replication? A) Conjugation of an F+ plasmid B) Gene transfer through a gene transfer agent C) Transduction by a dsDNA phage Mu D) Transformation of a linear piece of DNAarrow_forward
- Which statement is true of viral replication? A) virus attaches to a specific receptor site on the host-cell membrane. B) Once inside the cell, the viral capsid is degraded, and the viral nucleic acid is released. C) Virus uses the host cell’s machinery to replicate and new virus particles are released. D) All of the abovearrow_forwardAfter a positive strand RNA virus ( Such as Coronaviruses) enters the host cell, the RNA is translated by ribosomes to create proteins associated with the virus (Such as, for example, the surface antigens like E and Spike proteins). How then, would the genetic material itself be replicated to be incorporated into the new viruses?.arrow_forwardWith respect to the replication strategy, what unusual feature does HBV have in common with HIV?arrow_forward
- Once in human cells, which of the following statements might best describe how COVID19 replicates? a) Manipulates DNA Polymerase III to create a leading strand replication of the RNA b) Manipulates DNA Polymerase III to create a lagging strand replication of the RNA c) Manipulates Reverse Transcriptase to transcribe RNA sense strand into DNA antisense strand then back d) Manipulates RNA Polymerase II to transcribe RNA sense strand into RNA antisense strand then back e) Manipulates RNA Polymerase III to transcribe ribosomal RNAs for replicationarrow_forwardDouble-stranded RNA viruses, use the following polymerase for genome synthesis: A) viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. B) host cell DNA-dependent RNA polymerase. C) viral DNA-dependent DNA polymerase. D) host cell RNA-dependent RNA polymerase.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is false about DNA replication? A) Each lagging strand of DNA is started by an RNA primer. B) DNA polymerase joins nucleotides in the 5' to 3' direction only. C) The leading strand of DNA is made continuously. D) More than one replication fork is present. E) A replication bubble opens in one direction only.arrow_forward
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