Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 26, Problem 6IQ
Summary Introduction
To explain: The reason why different genes might have a different clock speed.
Introduction: A molecular clock is an essential tool in the study of evolution and is used to estimate the evolutionary rates using the data from deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and proteins.
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Students have asked these similar questions
In the population of insects shown, insects with spots have the genotype Aa or AA and bugs with no spots have the genotype aa. Which argument best supports the phenomenon shown in the diagram?
There was an increase in the fitness of the gene A.
There was an increase in the fitness of the gene a.
There was an increase in the mutation rate of gene A.
There was an increase in the mutation rate of gene a.
Mutations are the ultimate source of genetic variation. Consider a population of 500
diploid individuals. If a mutation resulting in a single copy of a novel allele occurred in
a gene in one individual, what is the frequency of the new allele in the population?
0.05
0.000001
0.001
0.005
0.002
Briefly explain why fitness comes only by developing a balanced approach to life in all of the important spheres of life.
Chapter 26 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 26 - a. In this hypothetical phylogenetic tree, which...Ch. 26 - What two complications may make it difficult to...Ch. 26 - Place the taxa (outgroup. A, B, C, and D) on the...Ch. 26 - Prob. 4IQCh. 26 - a. Give an example of genes that would be compared...Ch. 26 - Prob. 6IQCh. 26 - Prob. 7IQCh. 26 - Prob. 1SYKCh. 26 - Prob. 2SYKCh. 26 - Prob. 3SYK
Ch. 26 - Related families are grouped into the next-highest...Ch. 26 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 26 - A taxon such as the class Reptiliawhich includes...Ch. 26 - You wish to study evolutionary relationships among...Ch. 26 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 26 - Which of the following approaches would allow a...Ch. 26 - A comparative study of which of the following...Ch. 26 - Prob. 18TYKCh. 26 - Which of the following segments of DNA would...Ch. 26 - Which of the following is the best description of...Ch. 26 - Prob. 21TYK
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- Explain into details, the concept of fitness in evolutionarrow_forwardImagine a population of 80 horses in which all individuals are homozygous for an allele A1. But then a mutation introduces a new allele, A2, in one horse which is a heterozygote for this locus. Assuming the mutation is neutral, and no further mutation occurs, answer the following questions. Question 16 What is the probability that A2 will eventually become fixed? Question 17 What is the probability that A2 will go extinct?arrow_forwardGive only typing answer with explanation and conclusion Researchers were measuring the % change in range sizes of 42 mammal species over a 50 year period. The values ranged from -14.6% (indicating a decrease of 14.6% in the range size) to +32.1% (indicating an increase of 32.1% in the range size). On average, the mean % change across all the species was +6.3%. To test whether this result differed from the null hypothesis expectation that the mean change would be 0% what test should the researchers use? a) independent sample t-test b) paired t-test c) non-parametric test d) single sample t-testarrow_forward
- Suppose you are studying an organism that shows strong signs of declining health and reproduction late in its life. What are two hypotheses that could explain this drop in fitness? How might you distinguish between them experimentally?arrow_forwardGive typing answer with explanation and conclusion A population of snails has a deleterious mutation (m) with a mutation rate of 0.01. Heterozygotes with this mutation will show the deleterious phenotype and have a selection coefficient of 0.4. If allele frequencies in the population are M = 0.99 and m = 0.01, will the number of mutant alleles in the next generation increase/decrease/remain the same?arrow_forwardBelow is a life table for a hypothetical organism. What is the expected lifetime reproductive success for individuals carrying the A1 allele? (Note: RS: reproductive success) Question 3 options: 2.35 2.50 2.64 3.66 24.00 Follow up on the previous question. If a mutation occurred such that A2 allele appeared in this population. The new allele has the effect of reproducing one year earlier but at the cost of not being able to reproduce after age 6. Can A2 allele be selected for and subsequently fixed in the population? Question 4 options: Yes, because A2 allele exhibits the antagonistic pleiotropic effect. Yes, because carriers of the A2 allele have a higher expected lifetime reproductive success than the individuals carrying the A1 allele. No, because carriers of the…arrow_forward
- Suppose a species of butterfly split into two species by a vicariance event. Are the male or female offspring likely to show reduced fitness (i.e., sterility or inviability) if the two species come back into contact in the future? Explain why one or the other would show reduced fitness.arrow_forward36 What is the result of the bottleneck effect? Select an answer and submit. For keyboard navigation, use the up/down arrow keys to select an answer, a increased genetic variation within a species decreased genetic variation within a species increased adaptation of a species increased migration of a speciesarrow_forwardGive typing answer with explanation and conclusion It is often said that “an allele that results in fitness losses for both actor and recipient would quickly be eliminated by natural selection”. Explain.arrow_forward
- What is meant by the term ‘fitness’ in the sense it is used in Evolutionary theory? Be specific and accurate.arrow_forwardDescribe autotrophy and heterotrophy and provide a few examples of each that illustrate the diversity of how organisms obtain energy. What trade-offs are associated with the heterotrophic consumption of live animals versus dead plant materials? Why is the mutation critical to the formation of new alleles and central to the evolutionary process? Give examples and explain in terms of allele frequency changearrow_forwardWhat is the relationship between changes in gene frequencies and adaptations? The change in genes results in adaptations, which in turn, lead to the individual's ability to survive in its environment. The change in genes reduces adaptations, limiting the individual's ability to adapt for survival. The change in genes speeds up the process of adaptations, and the result is adaptations within any species will occur within a year. The change in genes results in adaptations in the individual, but these adaptations cannot be passed on to future generations.arrow_forward
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