Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 26, Problem 5IQ
- a. Give an example of genes that would be compared to uncover phylogenetic relationships among the earliest branches on the tree of life.
- b. Give an example of genes that evolve very rapidly and are used to discriminate among closely related species or even among populations of the same species.
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Define homology and homoplasy and explain their connection to the concept of parsimony in phylogenetic analysis. Provide an example of each and discuss the challenges they may present when inferring evolutionary relationships.
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Chapter 26 Solutions
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Ch. 26 - a. In this hypothetical phylogenetic tree, which...Ch. 26 - What two complications may make it difficult to...Ch. 26 - Place the taxa (outgroup. A, B, C, and D) on the...Ch. 26 - Prob. 4IQCh. 26 - a. Give an example of genes that would be compared...Ch. 26 - Prob. 6IQCh. 26 - Prob. 7IQCh. 26 - Prob. 1SYKCh. 26 - Prob. 2SYKCh. 26 - Prob. 3SYK
Ch. 26 - Related families are grouped into the next-highest...Ch. 26 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 26 - A taxon such as the class Reptiliawhich includes...Ch. 26 - You wish to study evolutionary relationships among...Ch. 26 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 12TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 14TYKCh. 26 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 26 - Which of the following approaches would allow a...Ch. 26 - A comparative study of which of the following...Ch. 26 - Prob. 18TYKCh. 26 - Which of the following segments of DNA would...Ch. 26 - Which of the following is the best description of...Ch. 26 - Prob. 21TYK
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- Phylogenetic trees are a type of model that can be used to show how organisms are related through common ancestry. The phylogenetic tree model represents nodes numbered 1 through 8. Using evidence from the phylogenetic tree determine which species would be MOST closely related to the species on branch C? Question options: The species on Branch A is most closely related to the species on branch C because they share the most recent common ancestor at node 1. The species on Branch B is most closely related to the species on branch C because they share the greatest number of common +ancestors. The species on Branch A & B are both most closely related to the species on branch C because they share the most most recent common ancestor at node 2. The species on Branches F, G, H, and I are all equally related to the species on branch C because they all split from a common ancestor at the same time which is illustrated by having nodes 2 and 7 at the…arrow_forwardSpecify some molecular biology techniques that are being used in taxonomy and phylogeny. Also, explain how do molecular markers work, its applications and limitations?arrow_forwarda. draw a diagonal tree b. Which organism is an outgroup? c. Which organisms are sister taxa or share a common ancestor?arrow_forward
- Explain the concept of a molecular clock and its use in dating a phylogenetic tree.arrow_forwardDiscuss how the principle of parsimony can be used in a cladistics approach to constructing a phylogenetic tree.arrow_forwardPhylogenetic trees are constructed based on Group of answer choices a. shared ancestral characters b. vestigial characters c. homoplastic characters d. cartoon characters e. shared derived characters f. shady charactersarrow_forward
- What consequences does horizontal gene transfer pose for evolutionary biologists? a. It can pose difficulty in the reconstruction of phylogenetic trees, because it can obscure phylogenetic relationships. b. It can pose physiological problems in some organisms, making it very hard to study them. c. It can pose difficulty in breeding between different individuals of the same species. d. Because it is transfer of genes between the same species, it can make individuals look very more similar than they actually are. e. All of the above.arrow_forwardUse the data matric provided to draft a phylogenetic tree. Label the outgroup and indicate the origin of each of the Pax genes on the tree. Presence of Pax Genes * Pax1 Pax2 Pax3 Pax4 Pax5 Genes → Species ↓ S. Philomina 1 1 1 1 1 J. Antar 1 1 1 1 0 M. Aflaton 1 1 1 1 0 J. Fangaloza 1 1 0 0 0 A. Harisa 0 0 0 0 0 *1 = present; 0 = absentarrow_forwardExplain how phylogenetic trees are interpreted and created. Explain what types of traitsare used and some of the difficulties associated with reconstructing phylogenetichistories.arrow_forward
- . In a phylogenetic or evolutionary tree, how is relatedness defined, i.e., what is used to determine relatedness?arrow_forwardDefine Species. Explain the types of speciation and the steps that lead to speciation. Provide examples and interpret dataarrow_forwardThe table below shows short DNA sequences from a gene in a closely related group of dragons, as well as their close relative, the Winged Ground Lizard. Assume each change in the DNA sequence evolved only once. Draw a phylogenetic tree that represents the relationship among the dragon species, as well as the Winged Ground Lizard. Indicate the locations on the tree where there is a change in the DNA sequence and indicate the site position and what the change isarrow_forward
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Phylogenetic Mysteries: Crash Course Zoology #12; Author: CrashCourse;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cVaw7nF72Aw;License: Standard youtube license