Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The product formed when
Concept Introduction:
Pyridine is a heterocyclic compound which contains nitrogen atom. Pyridine nitrogen atom contain a lone pair. The lone pair of pyridine is not involved in the resonance with the
Answer to Problem 26.27AP
The product formed when
Explanation of Solution
In the given compound, the lone pair of the pyridine nitrogen is not involved in the resonance with the ring. Pyridine acts as base in the presence of acid. The nitrogen abstracts the proton from acid. The product formed is
Figure 1
The product formed in the given reaction is
(b)
Interpretation:
The product formed when
Concept Introduction:
Pyridine is a heterocyclic compound which contains nitrogen atom. Pyridine nitrogen atom contain a lone pair. The lone pair of pyridine is not involved in the resonance with the aromatic ring. No delocation of electron takes place, hence pyridine acts as a base. The hydrogen atoms of pyridine ring are not highly acidic, so mild base can’t abstract proton from pyridine. It requires a strong base for abstraction of proton.
Answer to Problem 26.27AP
No reaction takes place when
Explanation of Solution
Protons of pyridine are not highly acidic in nature. Sodium hydroxide cannot abstract proton from pyridine. It requires a very strong base for the removal of proton from pyridine to takes place. Hence, no reaction takes place between
Figure 2
No product is formed in the given reaction.
(c)
Interpretation:
The product formed when
Concept Introduction:
Pyridine is a heterocyclic compound which contains nitrogen atom. Pyridine nitrogen atom contain a lone pair. The lone pair of pyridine is not involved in the resonance with the aromatic ring. No delocation of electron takes place, hence pyridine acts as a base. The hydrogen atoms of pyridine ring are not highly acidic, so mild base can’t abstract proton from pyridine. It requires a strong base for abstraction of proton.
Answer to Problem 26.27AP
The product formed when
Explanation of Solution
The butyl-lithium compound is a very strong base. It will abstract proton from the methyl group of
Figure 3
The product formed in the given reaction is
(d)
Interpretation:
The product formed when
Concept Introduction:
Nitration reaction is aromatic electrophilic substitution reaction. The nitrating mixture contains nitric acid and sulfuric acid. The nitrosonium ion is formed as electrophile. The methyl group is an activating group, so it promotes electrophilic substitution reaction at ortho-para position.
Answer to Problem 26.27AP
The product formed when
Explanation of Solution
The compound
Figure 4
The product formed in the given reaction is
(e)
Interpretation:
The product formed when
Concept Introduction:
Pyridine is a heterocyclic compound which contains nitrogen atom. Pyridine nitrogen atom contain a lone pair. The lone pair of pyridine is not involved in the resonance with the aromatic ring. Hydrogen peroxide is a strong oxidizing agent. It will oxidize the nitrogen atom of pyridine to form
Answer to Problem 26.27AP
The product formed when
Explanation of Solution
Hydrogen peroxide is an oxidizing agent. It will oxidize the given compound. The oxidation reaction takes place at the nitrogen atom.
Figure 5
The product formed in the given reaction of
(f)
Interpretation:
The product formed when
Concept Introduction:
Pyridine is a heterocyclic compound which contains nitrogen atom. Pyridine nitrogen atom contain a lone pair. The lone pair of pyridine is not involved in the resonance with the aromatic ring. No delocation of electron takes place, hence pyridine acts as a base. The nitrogen atom lone pair attacks the methyl group of methyl iodide.
Answer to Problem 26.27AP
The product formed when
Explanation of Solution
The lone pair of nitrogen atom of pyridine is not involved in the resonance with the aromatic ring. The lone pair makes the pyridine compound basic in nature. When compound
Figure 6
The product formed in the given reaction of
(g)
Interpretation:
The product formed when
Concept Introduction:
Pyridine is a heterocyclic compound which contains nitrogen atom. Pyridine nitrogen atom contain a lone pair. The lone pair of pyridine is not involved in the resonance with the aromatic ring. No delocation of electron takes place, hence pyridine acts as a base. Lithiated pyridine compound reacts with
Answer to Problem 26.27AP
The product formed when
Explanation of Solution
The lithiation product formed reacts with benzaldehyde, nucleophilic addition reaction takes place to form
Figure 7
The product formed when
(h)
Interpretation:
The product formed when
Concept Introduction:
Pyridine is a heterocyclic compound which contains nitrogen atom. Pyridine nitrogen atom contain a lone pair. The lone pair of pyridine is not involved in the resonance with the aromatic ring. Hydrogen peroxide is a strong oxidizing agent. It will oxidize the nitrogen atom of pyridine to form
Answer to Problem 26.27AP
The product formed when
Explanation of Solution
The compound
Figure 8
The product formed when
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Chapter 26 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
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