Physics: Principles with Applications
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780321625922
Author: Douglas C. Giancoli
Publisher: Addison-Wesley
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Chapter 24, Problem 66P
Two polaroids are aligned so that the initially unpolarized light passing through them is a maximum. At what angle should one of them be placed so the transmitted intensity is subsequently reduced by half?
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Chapter 24 Solutions
Physics: Principles with Applications
Ch. 24 - Prob. 1OQCh. 24 - Prob. 1QCh. 24 - Prob. 2QCh. 24 - Prob. 3QCh. 24 - Prob. 4QCh. 24 - Prob. 5QCh. 24 - Prob. 6QCh. 24 - Prob. 7QCh. 24 - Prob. 8QCh. 24 - Prob. 9Q
Ch. 24 - Prob. 10QCh. 24 - Prob. 11QCh. 24 - Prob. 12QCh. 24 - Prob. 13QCh. 24 - Prob. 14QCh. 24 - Prob. 15QCh. 24 - Prob. 16QCh. 24 - Prob. 17QCh. 24 - Prob. 18QCh. 24 - Prob. 19QCh. 24 - Prob. 20QCh. 24 - Prob. 21QCh. 24 - Prob. 22QCh. 24 - Prob. 23QCh. 24 - 24.‘If the Earth's atmosphere were 50 times denser...Ch. 24 - Prob. 1MCQCh. 24 - Prob. 2MCQCh. 24 - Prob. 3MCQCh. 24 - Prob. 4MCQCh. 24 - Prob. 5MCQCh. 24 - Prob. 6MCQCh. 24 - Prob. 7MCQCh. 24 - Prob. 8MCQCh. 24 - Prob. 9MCQCh. 24 - Prob. 10MCQCh. 24 - Prob. 11MCQCh. 24 - Prob. 12MCQCh. 24 - Prob. 1PCh. 24 - Prob. 2PCh. 24 - Prob. 3PCh. 24 - Prob. 4PCh. 24 - Prob. 5PCh. 24 - Prob. 6PCh. 24 - Prob. 7PCh. 24 - Prob. 8PCh. 24 - Prob. 9PCh. 24 - Prob. 10PCh. 24 - Prob. 11PCh. 24 - Prob. 12PCh. 24 - Two narrow slits separated by 1.0 mm are...Ch. 24 - Prob. 14PCh. 24 - Prob. 15PCh. 24 - Light of wavelength 470 nm in air shines on two...Ch. 24 - Prob. 17PCh. 24 - Prob. 18PCh. 24 - Alight beam strikes a piece of glass at a 65.00°...Ch. 24 - Prob. 20PCh. 24 - If 680-nm light falls on a slit 0.0425 mm wide,...Ch. 24 - Prob. 22PCh. 24 - Prob. 23PCh. 24 - A single slit 1.0 mm wide is illuminated by 450-nm...Ch. 24 - Prob. 25PCh. 24 - Prob. 26PCh. 24 - Prob. 27PCh. 24 - 28. (II) Light of wavelength 620 nm falls on a...Ch. 24 - Prob. 29PCh. 24 - Prob. 30PCh. 24 - Prob. 31PCh. 24 - Prob. 32PCh. 24 - Prob. 33PCh. 24 - A grating has 7400 slits/cm. How many spectral...Ch. 24 - Prob. 35PCh. 24 - Prob. 36PCh. 24 - Prob. 37PCh. 24 - White light containing wavelengths from 410 nm to...Ch. 24 - A diffraction grating has 6.5 ×105 slits/m. Find...Ch. 24 - Prob. 40PCh. 24 - Prob. 41PCh. 24 - Prob. 42PCh. 24 - Prob. 43PCh. 24 - If a soap bubble is 120 nm thick, what wavelength...Ch. 24 - Prob. 45PCh. 24 - 46. (II) (a) What is the smallest thickness of a...Ch. 24 - Prob. 47PCh. 24 - Prob. 48PCh. 24 - How many uncoated thin lenses in an optical...Ch. 24 - Prob. 50PCh. 24 - Prob. 51PCh. 24 - Prob. 52PCh. 24 - How thick (minimum) should the air layer be...Ch. 24 - Prob. 54PCh. 24 - A uniform thin film of alcohol (n= 1.36) lies on a...Ch. 24 - How far must the mirror M1in a Michelson...Ch. 24 - Prob. 57PCh. 24 - Prob. 58PCh. 24 - Prob. 59PCh. 24 - Prob. 60PCh. 24 - Prob. 61PCh. 24 - Prob. 62PCh. 24 - Prob. 63PCh. 24 - Prob. 64PCh. 24 - Prob. 65PCh. 24 - Two polaroids are aligned so that the initially...Ch. 24 - Prob. 67PCh. 24 - Prob. 68PCh. 24 - Prob. 69PCh. 24 - Prob. 70PCh. 24 - Prob. 71PCh. 24 - Prob. 72PCh. 24 - Prob. 73GPCh. 24 - Prob. 74GPCh. 24 - Prob. 75GPCh. 24 - Prob. 76GPCh. 24 - Prob. 77GPCh. 24 - Prob. 78GPCh. 24 - Prob. 79GPCh. 24 - Prob. 80GPCh. 24 - Calculate the minimum thickness needed for an...Ch. 24 - Prob. 82GPCh. 24 - Prob. 83GPCh. 24 - Prob. 84GPCh. 24 - Prob. 85GPCh. 24 - Prob. 86GPCh. 24 - The wings of a certain beetle have a series of...Ch. 24 - Prob. 88GPCh. 24 - Prob. 89GPCh. 24 - Prob. 90GPCh. 24 - Prob. 91GPCh. 24 - Prob. 92GPCh. 24 - Prob. 93GPCh. 24 - Prob. 94GPCh. 24 - Prob. 95GPCh. 24 - Prob. 96GP
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- Three polarizing sheets are placed together such that the transmission axis of the second sheet is oriented at 25.0° to the axis of the first, whereas the transmission axis of the third sheet is oriented at 40.0° (in the same sense) to the axis of the first. What fraction of an intensity of an incident unpolarized beam is transmitted by the combination?arrow_forwardIf a polarizing filter reduces the intensity of polarized light to 50.0% of its original value, by how much are the electric and magnetic fields reduced?arrow_forwardAn unpolarized beam of light is incident on a stack of ideal polarizing filters. The axis of the first filter is perpendicular to the axis of the last filter in the stack. Find the fraction by which the transmitted beams intensity is reduced in the three following cases. (a) Three filters are in the stack, each with its transmission axis at 45.0 relative to the preceding filter. (b) Four filters are in the stack, each with its transmission axis at 30.0 relative to the preceding filter. (c) Seven filters are in the stack, each with its transmission axis at 15.0 relative to the preceding filter. (d) Comment on comparing the answers to parts (a), (b), and (c).arrow_forward
- Show that if you have three polarizing filters, with the second at an angle of 45.0to the first and at third at an angle of 90.0to the first, the intensity of light passed by the first will be reduced to 25.0% of its value. (This is in contrast to having only the first and third, which reduces the intensity to zero, so that placing the second between them increases the intensity of the transmitted light.)arrow_forwardAstronomers observe the chromosphere of the Sun with a filter that passes the red hydrogen spectral line of wavelength 656.3 nm, called the H line. The filter consists of a transparent dielectric of thickness d held between two partially aluminized glass plates. The filter is held at a constant temperature. (a) Find the minimum value of d that produces maximum transmission of perpendicular H light if the dielectric has an index of refraction of 1.378. (b) What If? If the temperature of the filter increases above the normal value, increasing its thickness, what happens to the transmitted wavelength? (c) The dielectric will also pass what near-visible wavelength? One of the glass plates is colored red to absorb this light.arrow_forwardIf you have completely polarized light of intensity 150 W/m2 , what will its intensity be after passing through a polarizing filter with its axis at an 89.0 angle to the light’s polarization direction?arrow_forward
- A linearly polarized microwave of wavelength 1.50 cm is directed along the positive x axis. The electric field vector has a maximum value of 175 V/m and vibrates in the xy plane. Assuming the magnetic field component of the wave can be written in the form B = Bmax sin (kx t), give values for (a) Bmax, (b) k, and (c) . (d) Determine in which plane the magnetic field vector vibrates. (e) Calculate the average value of the Poynting vector for this wave. (f) If this wave were directed at normal incidence onto a perfectly reflecting sheet, what radiation pressure would it exert? (g) What acceleration would be imparted to a 500-g sheet (perfectly reflecting and at normal incidence) with dimensions of 1.00 m 0.750 m?arrow_forwardIn Figure P37.52, suppose the transmission axes of the left and right polarizing disks are perpendicular to each other. Also, let the center disk be rotated on the common axis with an angular speed . Show that if unpolarized light is incident on the left disk with an intensity Imax, the intensity of the beam emerging from the right disk is I=116Imax(1cos4t) This result means that the intensity of the emerging beam is modulated at a rate four times the rate of rotation of the center disk. Suggestion: Use the trigonometric identities cos2=12(1+cos2) and sin2=12(1cos2). Figure P37.52arrow_forwardCan a sound wave in air be polarized? Explain.arrow_forward
- Both sides of a uniform film that has index of refraction n and thickness d are in contact with air. For normal incidence of light, an intensity minimum is observed in the reflected light at λ2 and an intensity maximum is observed at λ1, where λ1 > λ2. (a) Assuming no intensity minima are observed between λ1 and λ2, find an expression for the integer m in Equations 27.13 and 27.14 in terms of the wavelengths λ1 and λ2. (b) Assuming n = 1.40, λ1 = 500 nm, and λ2 = 370 nm, determine the best estimate for the thickness of the film.arrow_forwardA linearly polarized microwave of wavelength 1.50 cm is directed along the positive x axis. The electric field vector has a maximum value of 175 V/m and vibrates in the xy plane. Assuming the magnetic field component of the wave can be written in the form B = Bmax sin (kx t), give values for (a) Bmax, (b) k, and (c) .(d) Determine in which plane the magnetic field vector vibrates. (e) Calculate the average value of the Poynting vector for this wave. (f) If this wave were directed at normal incidence onto a perfectly reflecting sheet, what radiation pressure would it exert? (g) What acceleration would be imparted to a 500-g sheet (perfectly reflecting and at normal incidence) with dimensions of 1.00 m 0.750 m?arrow_forwardWhat angle would the axis of a polarizing filter need to make with the direction of polarized light of intensity 1.00kW/m2 to reduce the intensity to 10.0 W/m2?arrow_forward
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