WHAT IS LIFE? GDE.TO BIO.W/PHYS.-ACCESS
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781319360719
Author: PHELAN
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Chapter 24, Problem 5MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
The myelin sheath insulates the axon, and aids in the conduction of electrical impulses.
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Which of the following statements about the intensity of a nerve response is true?
a. A stimulus reaching the threshold level may or may not propagate a nerve impulse.
b. A stimulus resulting in a greater voltage shift will result in a stronger nerve impulse and increased sense of perception in the brain.
c. All stimuli, regardless of the strength, will always generate a nerve impulse.
d. A small voltage shift and a large voltage shift will yield the same nerve impulse as long as the stimulus reaches the threshold level.
Which of the following is true about the conduction of action potentials?
a. Thicker axons are faster because there is more surface area on thicker axons.
b. Myelin speeds conduction because the glial cells add voltage gated Na+ channels to the neuron.
c. Diffusion of Na+ ions between the Nodes of Ranvier happens faster than the wave of opening and closing membrane proteins can travel.
d. Neurons that don’t have myelin sheaths undergo saltatory conduction
e. Action potentials move slowly.
Which of the following statements about the intensity of a nerve response is true?
Select one:
a. A stimulus reaching the threshold level may or may not propagate a nerve impulse.
b. A small voltage shift and a large voltage shift will yield the same nerve impulse as long as the stimulus reaches the threshold level.
c. All stimuli, regardless of the strength, will always generate a nerve impulse.
d. A stimulus resulting in a greater voltage shift will result in a stronger nerve impulse and increased sense of perception in the brain.
Chapter 24 Solutions
WHAT IS LIFE? GDE.TO BIO.W/PHYS.-ACCESS
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Both potassium and sodium channels located along the nerve membrane are voltage-gated. This means that they respond to the changes in the voltage by opening and closing the gates to allow the ions to flow in or out of the membrane. When the threshold level is reached and depolarization occurs, how come only the sodium ions begin to rush in? a. The threshold levels for both sodium and potassium channels are equal, but sodium channels are slower to open. b. The threshold levels for both sodium and potassium channels are equal, but potassium channels take longer to open. c. The threshold level for the potassium channels is lower than the sodium channels. d. The threshold level for the potassium channels is higher than the sodium channels.arrow_forwardWhat factors increase the speed of nerve impulses in the nervous system? Select ONE: a. The length and thickness of axons b. The presence of myelin sheaths and thickness of axons c. The presence of white and grey matters d. The presence of myelin sheaths and length of axonsarrow_forwardLocal anesthetics "block" the action potential and therefore do not allow "pain" information to proceed to the brain and spinal cord. In the presence of these molecules (local anesthetics) 'threshold' is essentially "ignored". The molecules most logically work by: 23. a. Decreasing the intracellular [potassium] b. Blocking the opening of the voltage-gated potassium channels c. Decreasing the extracellular [sodium] d. Blocking the opening of the voltage-gated sodium channelsarrow_forward
- A neurotransmitter called "GABA" decreases the rate of action potential generation in neurons, but the effect can be overridden by excitatory neurotransmitters. Alcohol binds to the GABA receptor and has the same effect. Alcohol must Select one: a. Cause depolarization in neurons b. Cause hyperpolarization in neurons c. Block calcium entry at the axon terminus d. Block voltage-gated sodium channelsarrow_forwardSchwann cells are a type of glial cell found in the nervous system. In addition to the conduction of nerve impulses, the outermost layer called neurilemma aids in nerve development and regeneration. After examining the image below, can you explain why brain cells have a. Neurons in the central nervous system lack neurilemma of Schwann cells. b. Neurons in the central nervous system are surrounded by white matter. c. Axons of the peripheral nervous system lack neurilemma of Schwann cells. d. Neurons in the peripheral nervous system are surrounded by grey matter.arrow_forwardThe rate of information transmission from the central nervous system (CNS) to an effector organ will be slowed by... A. increasing the diameter of the axons B. increasing the number of nerve cells between the CNS and the effector organ C. adding a myelin sheath to the axons D. increasing the distance between the nodes of Ranvier E. None of the abovearrow_forward
- Which one is correct about the AP conduction velocity of nerve fiber A. Increase of the temperature within physiological limit will increase the conduction velocity. B. The fiber with big diameter always conducts faster. C. The increase of extracellular K+ will increase the conduction velocity D. Myelination of nerve fiber always decreases the conduction velocity. E. Anesthesia do not influence the conduction velocity.arrow_forwardSchwann cells are a type of glial cell found in the nervous system. In addition to the conduction of nerve impulses, the outermost layer called neurilemma aids in nerve development and regeneration. Which of the following explains why the neurons in the brain cannot repair damage like the neurons in your hands or feet can? a. Neurons in the central nervous system lack neurilemma of Schwann cells. b. Neurons in the peripheral nervous system are surrounded by grey matter. c. Axons of the peripheral nervous system lack neurilemma of Schwann cells. d. Neurons in the central nervous system are surrounded by white matter.arrow_forwardCatecholamine (Epinephrine)-blockers are often used as a treatment to dilate blood vessels and therefore decrease arterial blood pressure (as a treatment for hypertension). This fact is excellent evidence to prove that the nervous system normally controlling the diameter of the arterial blood vessels is the: a. Somatosensory nervous system b. Sympathetic nervous system c. Reticular attenuating nervous system d. Parasympathetic nervous systemarrow_forward
- The made-up drug leakyhose degrades myelin resulting in myelin becoming more porous and therefore a poor insulator. 2.) Which of the following would NOT be an effect of leakyhose? A. Propagation of the action potential would likely slow B. The action potential may degrade because it can’t properly be regenerated C. The action potential would not propagate but would rather reverse directions D. Saltatory conduction may be disrupted E. All of the above effects are consistent with the administration of leakyhosearrow_forwardA neuron must reach threshold to fire an action potential. In this context, threshold refers to which event? a. voltage at which damage occurs to the membrane because of the electrical charge b. the voltage at which potassium ions begin to flow in and out of the cell c. the voltage at which voltage-gated sodium channels open d. the voltage at which the neuron can no longer produce an action potential According to studies in developing rodents, testosterone treatment causes detectable changes in: a. the sex region Y gene b. the thalamus c. the hypothalamus d. alpha-fetoproteinarrow_forwardIn an experiment you place a neuron and its synaptic contacts into a medium containing no calcium ions. You stimulate the neuron causing an action potential to propagate down the axon into the axon terminal of the neuron. 3.) What is the most likely result of this experimental manipulation? A. Prolong the refractory period of the action potential B. Decrease the time required to move sodium ions out of the axon terminal C. Prevent neurotransmitter from binding to receptors on postsynaptic cells D. Enhance the voltage changes associated with the action potential E. Prevent release of neurotransmitter into the synapsearrow_forward
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