CAMPBEL BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780136538820
Author: Taylor
Publisher: INTER PEAR
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Question
Chapter 24, Problem 16TYK
Summary Introduction
To determine:
The ethical issue surrounding the trials of anti-HIV drugs in the developing world and whose argument is more compelling.
Introduction:
HIV or human immunodeficiency virus is a virus that infects the body and causes AIDS or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. It is a retrovirus that is transmitted via sexual contact or through the transfer of body fluids. HIV causes the immune cells specifically CD4 lymphocytes that reduce the immune efficiency of the body.
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In 2014, a study investigated the frequency of HIV in a remote New Zealand community a total of 132 people participated in the study. A serological tests to diagnose cases of early HIV were conducted for each participant during 2014. Two cases were identified. The researchers followed those at risk for another year, and during this time frame another person was diagnosed.
(d) It appeared that not all the people at risk were followed for the entire year (2015). In fact only 65 people were followed for 12 months, 5 participants were followed for 10 months, 22 were followed for 7 months, 8 were followed for 6 months, 15 for 4 months and another 15 for 2 months. Calculate the person-time of observation
- What was the incident rate of HIV during 2015.
- Assuming HIV has no cure (which is not correct if detected early!) and the incidence rate of HIV in the community remained constant what should happen to the prevalence of HIV in this cohort over time?
The reason why HIV is able to develop resistance to almost all single-drug therapy is because in a large HIV population there are always some mutant viruses that are resistant to the said single drug.
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False
In 2014, a study investigated the frequency of HIV in a remote New Zealand community a total of 132 people participated in the study. A serological tests to diagnose cases of early HIV were conducted for each participant during 2014. Two cases were identified. The researchers followed those at risk for another year, and during this time frame another person was diagnosed.
(a) What was the prevalence of HIV in 2014?
(b) What was the prevalence of HIV among study participants at the end of 2015 Assume no loss to follow-up.
(c) What was the cumulative incidence of HIV over the study period?
(d) It appeared that not all the people at risk were followed for the entire year (2015). In fact only 65 people were followed for 12 months, 5 participants were followed for 10 months, 22 were followed for 7 months, 8 were followed for 6 months, 15 for 4 months and another 15 for 2 months. Calculate the person-time of observation
(e) What…
Chapter 24 Solutions
CAMPBEL BIOLOGY:CONCEPTS & CONNECTIONS
Ch. 24 - Complete this concept map to summarize the key...Ch. 24 - Foreign molecules that elicit an immune response...Ch. 24 - Which of the following is not part of the...Ch. 24 - Which of the following best describes the...Ch. 24 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 24 - Prob. 6TYKCh. 24 - Prob. 7TYKCh. 24 - Prob. 8TYKCh. 24 - Prob. 9TYKCh. 24 - Which of the following statements is not true? a....
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