Universe: Stars And Galaxies
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781319115098
Author: Roger Freedman, Robert Geller, William J. Kaufmann
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 24, Problem 11Q
To determine
The explanation for the extraordinary luminosity of quasars from which even light cannot escape.
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Suppose a quasar is shining with a luminosity L. What is the approximate minimal mass of the black hole? (If the black hole had a lower mass than this, the pressure in the material would overcome the gravity of the black hole and the material would be blown apart.)
Give your answer in solar masses.
Value:
L = 1×1012Lsun
What is the Eddington luminosity of a quasar with a mass of 1 billion Msun ?
Suppose a quasar is shining with a luminosity L. What is the approximate minimal mass of the black hole? (If the black hole had a lower mass than this, the pressure in the material would overcome the gravity of the black hole and the material would be blown apart.)
Give your answer in solar masses, in scientific notation to one significant figure (no decimal places).
Value:
L = 1*10^12 Lsun
Chapter 24 Solutions
Universe: Stars And Galaxies
Ch. 24 - Prob. 1QCh. 24 - Prob. 2QCh. 24 - Prob. 3QCh. 24 - Prob. 4QCh. 24 - Prob. 5QCh. 24 - Prob. 6QCh. 24 - Prob. 7QCh. 24 - Prob. 8QCh. 24 - Prob. 9QCh. 24 - Prob. 10Q
Ch. 24 - Prob. 11QCh. 24 - Prob. 12QCh. 24 - Prob. 13QCh. 24 - Prob. 14QCh. 24 - Prob. 15QCh. 24 - Prob. 16QCh. 24 - Prob. 17QCh. 24 - Prob. 18QCh. 24 - Prob. 19QCh. 24 - Prob. 20QCh. 24 - Prob. 21QCh. 24 - Prob. 22QCh. 24 - Prob. 23QCh. 24 - Prob. 24QCh. 24 - Prob. 25QCh. 24 - Prob. 26QCh. 24 - Prob. 27QCh. 24 - Prob. 28QCh. 24 - Prob. 29QCh. 24 - Prob. 30QCh. 24 - Prob. 31QCh. 24 - Prob. 32Q
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- In the chapter, we discussed that the largest redshifts found so far are greater than 6. Suppose we find a quasar with a redshift of 6.1. With what fraction of the speed of light is it moving away from us?arrow_forwardWhat evidence do we have that the luminous central region of a quasar is small and compact?arrow_forwardIf a quasar has a redshift of 3.3, at what fraction of the speed of light is it moving away from us?arrow_forward
- Why are quasars generally so much more luminous (why do they put out so much more energy) than active galaxies?arrow_forwardDescribe the process by which the action of a black hole can explain the energy radiated by quasars.arrow_forwardThe quasar that appears the brightest in our sky, 3C 273, is located at a distance of 2.4 billion lightyears. The Sun would have to be viewed from a distance of 1300 light-years to have the same apparent magnitude as 3C 273. Using the inverse square law for light, estimate the luminosity of 3C 273 in solar units.arrow_forward
- When comparing two isolated spiral galaxies that have the same apparent brightness, but rotate at different rates, what can you say about their relative luminosity?arrow_forwardSuppose a quasar is shining with a luminosity L. What is the approximate minimal mass of the black hole? (If the black hole had a lower mass than this, the pressure in the material would overcome the gravity of the black hole and the material would be blown apart.) Give your answer in solar masses, in scientific notation to one significant figure (no decimal places). Value: L=1×10^12Lsun Suppose the quasar in the previous problem is 10% efficient at turning rest mass into energetic photons, according to Einstein's equation E=mc2. What is the necessary rate of accretion of mass onto this black hole, to sustain its luminosity of 1* 1012 solar luminosities -- i.e. how much mass must be 'fed' to this black hole to keep the AGN shining so brightly? Give your response in units of solar masses of material per year, with one decimal place.arrow_forward3C 273 was the first quasar identified (1963). When we look at its chemical spectrum, we see that its hydrogen alpha emission line (Hα) has an observed wavelength of λobs = 759 nm.-(By comparing the observed wavelength of Hα with the rest-frame (source) wavelength, find 3C 273’s redshift, z.- How fast is 3C 273 moving away from us in km/s?-Assuming the value of Hubble constant listed in the table at the top of the page, how far away is 3C 273 in Mpc? This was, at the time, the most distant object in the known universe!answer to three significant figuresarrow_forward
- Is the appearance of a quasar changing over time a sign that it has entered a new physical state, or are these objects just the extreme outliers of quasars at low activity?arrow_forwardWhat is the redshift of this quasar?arrow_forwardCalculate the Schwarzschild Radius for each of the following: 1. A 3.3 X 108 solar-mass black hole in the center of a quasar 2. a 3.5 solar-mass black hole formed in a type II supernova 3. a mini-black hole with the mass of the moon 4. a black hole with the mass of you (estimate your mass to be 51.8 kg)arrow_forward
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