COLLEGE PHYSICS
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781464196393
Author: Freedman
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
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Chapter 23, Problem 44QAP
To determine
Critical angle
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•4 In Fig. 35-32a, a beam of light in material 1 is incident on a
boundary at an angle of 30°. The extent to which the light is ben
due to refraction depends, in part, on the index of refraction n, o
material 2. Figure 35-32b gives the angle of refraction Oz versus n
for a range of possible n2 values, from n, = 1.30 to n, = 1.90. Wha
is the speed of light in material 1?
в,
40°
300!
30°
в,
20°
по
(a)
(b)
•48 In Fig. 33-48a, a light ray in water is incident at angle 61 on a
boundary with an underlying material, into which some of the
light refracts. There are two choices of underlying material. For
each, the angle of refraction 6, versus the incident angle 6, is
given in Fig. 33-48b. The vertical axis scale is set by 6, = 90°.
%3D
Without calculation, determine whether the index of refraction of
(a) material 1 and (b) material 2 is greater or less than the index
of water (n = 1.33). What is the index of refraction of (c) material
1 and (d) material 2?
Ө,
в2.
Water
0°
45°
90°
(a)
(6)
•8 In Fig. 35-33, two light pulses
are sent through layers of plastic
Pulse
п
п
with thicknesses of either L or 2L
as shown and indexes of refraction
Pulse
n = 1.55, nz = 1.70, nz = 1.60, n4 = i
1.45, ng = 1.59, ng = 1.65, and n, =
1.50. (a) Which pulse travels
through the plastic in less time?
(b) What multiple of Lic gives the difference in the traversal
times of the pulses?
%3D
Figure 35-33 Problem 8.
Chapter 23 Solutions
COLLEGE PHYSICS
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- A ray of 610 nm light goes from air into fused quartz at an incident angle of 55.0°. At what incident angle must 470 nm light enter flint glass to have the same angle of refraction?arrow_forwardGive an example of a wave characteristic of light that is easily observed outside the laboratory.arrow_forwardA ring with a colorless gemstone is dropped into water.The gemstone becomes invisible when submerged. Can it be a diamond? Explain.arrow_forward
- Can a sound wave in air be polarized? Explain.arrow_forwardFigure 25.54 shows a ray of light passing from one medium into a second and then a third. Show that 3 is the same as it would be if the second medium were not present (provided total internal reflection does not occur). Figure 25.54 A ray of light passes from one medium to a third by traveling through a second. The final direction is the same as if the second medium were not present, but the ray is displaced by x (Shawn exaggerated).arrow_forwardShow that if you have three polarizing filters, with the second at an angle of 45° to the first and the third at an angle of 90.0° to the first, the intensity of light passed by the first will be reduced to 25.0% of its value. (This is in contrast to having only the first and third, which reduces the intensity to zero, so that placing the second between them increases the intensity of the transmitted light.)arrow_forward
- Figure 25.49 shows a light bulb between two mirrors. One minor produces a beam at light with parallel lays; the other keeps light from escaping without being put into the beam. Where is the filament of the light in relation to the focal point or radius of curvature of each mirror? Figure 25.49 The two mirrors trap most of the bulb’s light and form a directional beam as in a headlight.arrow_forwardIn Section 9.6, we described how the speed of light varies with wavelength (or frequency) for transparent solids. But the speed of light in matter is also a function of temperature and pressure. This dependence is most marked for gases and is instrumental in producing such things as mirages and atmospheric refraction, the latter phenomenon being the displacement of an astronomical object (like the Sun or another star) from its true position because of the passage of its light through the atmosphere. Because Earth’s atmosphere is a gaseous mixture and easily compressed, its density is highest near Earth’s surface and gradually declines with altitude. (Refer to the discussion in Section 4.4 and Figure 4.29.) Thus, the speed of light in the atmosphere is lowest near the surface and gradually gets higher, approaching c as one goes farther and farther into space. Using this fact and the law of refraction, sketch the path a light ray from the Sun would follow upon entering Earth’s atmosphere, and predict the apparent position of the Sun relative to its true position (Figure 9.85). What does this tell you about the actual location of the Sun’s disk relative to your local horizon when you see it apparently setting brilliantly in the west in the evening?arrow_forwardReferring to the electric room heater considered in the first example in this section, calculate the intensity of IR radiation in W/m2 projected by the concave mirror on a person 3.00 m away. Assume that the healing element radiates 1500 W and has an area of 100 cm2, and that half of the radiated power is reflected and focused by the mirror.arrow_forward
- Consider a common mirage formed by superheated air immediately above a roadway. A truck driver whose eyes are 2.00 m above the road, where n = 1.000 293, looks forward. She perceives the illusion of a patch of water ahead on the road. The road appears wet only beyond a point on the road at which her line of sight makes an angle of 1.20 below the horizontal. Find the index of refraction of the air immediately above the road surface.arrow_forwardWhat happens to a light wave when it travels from air into glass? (a) Its speed remains the same. (b) Its speed increases. (c) Its wavelength increases. (d) Its wavelength remains the same. (e) Its frequency remains the same.arrow_forward•45 When the rectangular metal tank in Fig. 33-46 is filled to the top with an unknown liquid, observer o- O, with eyes level with the top of the tank, can just see corner E. A ray that refracts toward O at the top surface of the liquid is shown. If D = 85.0 cm and L = 1.10 m, what -Normal to liquid surface is the index of refraction of the liquid? -L-arrow_forward
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