CHEMISTRY >CUSTOM<
CHEMISTRY >CUSTOM<
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781309097182
Author: SILBERBERG
Publisher: MCG/CREATE
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Chapter 23, Problem 23.14P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electronic configuration and the number of unpaired electrons for Sc3+ions have to be given.

Concept introduction:

The transition elements in Periods 4 and 5 have a general electron configuration of

  [noble gas]ns2 (n– 1)dx.

Transition metals lose their ns orbital electrons first in forming cations.  After losing the ns electrons, additional electrons may be lost from the (n 1)d orbitals.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The two 4s electrons and one 3d electron are removed to form Sc3+ions:

The electronic configuration of Sc: [Ar]4s23d1.

The electronic configuration of Sc3+[Ar] or1s22s22p63s23p6

There are no unpaired electrons.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electronic configuration and the number of unpaired electrons for Cu2+ions have to be given.

Concept introduction:

The transition elements in Periods 4 and 5 have a general electron configuration of

  [noble gas]ns2 (n– 1)dx.

Transition metals lose their ns orbital electrons first in forming cations.  After losing the ns electrons, additional electrons may be lost from the (n 1)d orbitals.

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The single 4s electron and one 3d electron are removed to form Cu2+ions:

The electronic configuration of  Cu: [Ar]4s13d10.

The electronic configuration of Cu2+:[Ar]3d9

There is one unpaired electron.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electronic configuration and the number of unpaired electrons for Fe3+ions have to be given.

Concept introduction:

The transition elements in Periods 4 and 5 have a general electron configuration of

  [noble gas]ns2 (n– 1)dx.

Transition metals lose their ns orbital electrons first in forming cations.  After losing the ns electrons, additional electrons may be lost from the (n 1)d orbitals.

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The two 4s electrons and one 3d electron are removed to form Fe3+ions:

The electronic configuration of Fe: [Ar]4s23d6.

The electronic configuration of Fe3+:[Ar]3d5

There are five unpaired electrons since each of the five d electrons occupies its own orbital.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The electronic configuration and the number of unpaired electrons for Nb3+ions have to be given.

Concept introduction:

The transition elements in Periods 4 and 5 have a general electron configuration of

  [noble gas]ns2 (n– 1)dx.

Transition metals lose their ns orbital electrons first in forming cations.  After losing the ns electrons, additional electrons may be lost from the (n 1)d orbitals.

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The two 5s electrons and one 4d electron are removed to form Nb3+ions:

The electronic configuration of Nb: [Kr]5s24d3.

The electronic configuration of Nb3+:[Kr]4d2

There are two unpaired electrons.

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Chapter 23 Solutions

CHEMISTRY >CUSTOM<

Ch. 23.4 - Prob. 23.6AFPCh. 23.4 - Prob. 23.6BFPCh. 23.4 - Prob. 23.7AFPCh. 23.4 - Prob. 23.7BFPCh. 23.4 - Prob. B23.1PCh. 23.4 - Prob. B23.2PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.1PCh. 23 - Write the general electron configuration of a...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.3PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.4PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.5PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.6PCh. 23 - (a) What is the range in electronegativity across...Ch. 23 - (a) Explain the major difference between the...Ch. 23 - (a) What behavior distinguishes paramagnetic and...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.10PCh. 23 - Using the periodic table to locate each element,...Ch. 23 - Using the periodic table to locate each element,...Ch. 23 - Using the periodic table to locate each element,...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.14PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.15PCh. 23 - What is the highest oxidation state for (a) Ta;...Ch. 23 - What is the highest oxidation state for (a) Nb;...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.18PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.19PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.20PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.21PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.22PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.23PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.24PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.25PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.26PCh. 23 - What atomic property of the lanthanides leads to...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.28PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.29PCh. 23 - Give the electron configuration of (a) La; (b)...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.31PCh. 23 - Only a few lanthanides show an oxidation state...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.33PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.34PCh. 23 - Describe the makeup of a complex ion, including...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.36PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.37PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.38PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.39PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.40PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.41PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.42PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.43PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.44PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.45PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.46PCh. 23 - What are the charge and coordination number of the...Ch. 23 - What are the charge and coordination number of the...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.49PCh. 23 - Give systematic names for the following...Ch. 23 - What are the charge and coordination number of the...Ch. 23 - What are the charge and coordination number of the...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.53PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.54PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.55PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.56PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.57PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.58PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.59PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.60PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.61PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.62PCh. 23 - For any of the following that can exist as...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.64PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.65PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.66PCh. 23 - Chromium(III), like cobalt(III), has a...Ch. 23 - When MCl4(NH3)2 is dissolved in water and treated...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.69PCh. 23 - What is a coordinate covalent bond? Is such a...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.71PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.72PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.73PCh. 23 - In terms of the theory of color absorption,...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.75PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.76PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.77PCh. 23 - How do the relative magnitudes of Epairing and Δ...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.79PCh. 23 - Give the number of d electrons (n of dn) for the...Ch. 23 - Give the number of d electrons (n of dn) for the...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.82PCh. 23 - How many d electrons (n of dn) are in the central...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.84PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.85PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.86PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.87PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.88PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.89PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.90PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.91PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.92PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.93PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.94PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.95PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.96PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.97PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.98PCh. 23 - When neptunium (Np) and plutonium (Pu) were...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.100PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.101PCh. 23 - For the compound [Co(en)2Cl2]Cl, give: The...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.103PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.104PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.105PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.106PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.107PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.108PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.109PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.110PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.111PCh. 23 - The actinides Pa, U, and Np form a series of...Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.113PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.114PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.115PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.116PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.117PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.118PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.119PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.120PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.121PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.122P
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