BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260169614
Author: Raven
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 22, Problem 4U
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
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Hybridization between incompletely isolated populations
a. always leads to reinforcement due to the inferiority of hybrids.
b. can serve as a mechanism for preserving gene flow between populations, thus preventing speciation.
c. only occurs in plants.
d. never affects rates of speciation.
In Figure 2 a diagram shows how traits are shared (or not shared) in different generations. Based on the diagram:
a. A, represents a plesiomorph trait. In how many generations is A shared (symplesiomorph)?
b. C represents an apomorphictrait. What generations share C (synapomorphy)?
c. E is considered an autapomorphic trait. Why do you think?
d. What about B and D? How do we classify them?
a. What are the various types of reproductive isolating mechanisms that can lead to speciation?
b. What are the different modes of speciation?
c. Explain how evolution produce the tremendous amount of diversity among organisms.
Chapter 22 Solutions
BIOLOGY
Ch. 22.1 - Understand the biological species concept and why...Ch. 22.1 - Define the two kinds of reproductive isolating...Ch. 22.1 - Describe the relationship of reproductive...Ch. 22.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 22.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 22.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 22.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 22.4 - Compare and contrast sympatric and allopatric...Ch. 22.4 - Prob. 2LOCh. 22.5 - Prob. 1LO
Ch. 22.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 22.6 - Prob. 1LOCh. 22.6 - Prob. 2LOCh. 22.7 - Prob. 1LOCh. 22.7 - Prob. 2LOCh. 22 - Prob. 1IQCh. 22 - Prob. 2IQCh. 22 - Prezygotic isolating mechanisms include all of the...Ch. 22 - Reproductive isolation is a. a result of...Ch. 22 - Problems with the biological species concept...Ch. 22 - Prob. 4UCh. 22 - Prob. 5UCh. 22 - Prezygotic isolation a. always involves mechanisms...Ch. 22 - Speciation by allopolyploidy a. takes a long time....Ch. 22 - Adaptive radiation a. is the result of enriched...Ch. 22 - Prob. 9UCh. 22 - Character displacement a. arises through...Ch. 22 - Prob. 11UCh. 22 - If reinforcement is weak and hybrids are not...Ch. 22 - Natural selection can a. enhance the probability...Ch. 22 - Hybridization between incompletely isolated...Ch. 22 - Natural selection can lead to speciation a. by...Ch. 22 - Natural selection can lead to the evolution of...Ch. 22 - Prob. 2SCh. 22 - Refer to figure 22 6 In Texas. Drummond s phlox is...Ch. 22 - Refer to figure 22.16. Geospiza fuliginosa and...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Explain the type of speciation (allopatric, parapatric, or sympatric) most likely to occur under each of the following conditions: A. A pregnant female rat is transported by an ocean liner to a new continent. B. A meadow containing several species of grasses is exposed to a pesticide that promotes nondisjunction. C. In a very large lake containing several species of fish, the water level gradually falls over the course of several years. Eventually, the large lake becomes subdivided into smaller lakes, some of which are connected by narrow streams.arrow_forwardThe goldenrod gall fly mates and lays its eggs on the goldenrod plant and the larva live inside the plant. When a new species of goldenrod (goldenrod B) moves into the range of the fly some of the flies move to goldenrod B. How does this process allow for sympatric speciation of the flies? Group of answer choices A. the two plants have different chromosome numbers B. the flies only reproduce on their host plant C. hybrids are always more successful than either type of fly D. a predator keeps the two types of flies separated E. the two plants occur in different geographic areasarrow_forwardThe formation of polyploids is common in plants and can abruptly produce a new species. This is an example of a. allopatric speciation. c. sympatric speciation. b. parapatric speciation. d. all of the above.arrow_forward
- Why does sympatric speciation via allopolyploidy occur? A. When disruptive selection and assortative mating act contemporaneously (during the same time) B. When strong prezygotic isolation prevents hybridization between two species C. When meiotic error in a single species results in unreduced gametes that can self-fertilize D. When individuals of two species mate and their offspring are sterile but eventually produce unreduced gametes that self-fertilize O E. When geographic isolation and natural selection occur contemporaneouslyarrow_forward1) In allopatric speciation, geographic separation of two populations a.reduces the relative fitness of hybrid offspring. b.is sufficient for speciation to occur. c.allows gene flow between them. d.inhibits gene flow between them.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is an example of postzygotic reproductive isolation?a. Sperm of species A dies in the oviduct of species B before fertilization can take place.b. Hybrid zygotes between species A and B are spontaneously aborted early indevelopment.c. The mating seasons of species A and B do not overlap.d. Males of species A are not attracted to the pheromones produced by the females ofspecies B.arrow_forward
- While donkeys and horses have ignored each other historically in the wild, hybrids can be made through artificial insemination. The resulting hybrids are unusual in that they are generally viable, but always sterile. Because of their sterility, a blended lineage of the two animals cannot exist. What evolutionary force is this an example of? A. Prezygotic barrierB. Postzygotic barrierC. Allopatric SpeciationD. Sympatric Speciationarrow_forwardCompare the forms of speciation that are slow to those that occur more rapidly. Make a list of the slow and fast forms. With regard to mechanisms of genetic change, what features do slow and rapid speciation have in common? What features are different?arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not an event that can contribute to allopatric speciation? a. A mountain range forms and splits two populations into populations that begin to turn into new species. b. A subset of individuals disperse to a far away island and begin to turn into a new species. c. Two populations breed in the same location but at different times, and therefore begin to turn into two new species. d. A river splits a population into two populations and the two populations begin to diverge on either side of the river. e. All of these are potential contributors to allopatric speciation.arrow_forward
- Allopatric, but not sympatric, speciation requiresa. reproductive isolation.b. geographic isolation.c. spontaneous differences in males and females.d. prior hybridization.e. rapid rate of mutation.arrow_forwardA shared ancestral feature is a/an select one a. symplesiomorphy b.synapomorphy c.autapomorphyarrow_forwardIndicate whether each of the following conditions would tend to cause speciation to occur faster (F), or if it would tend to slow down or prevent speciation (S). Put either an F or an S in each box. A. a small sub-group of a population becomes geographically isolated from the main population and experiences new environmental conditions B. a large population of herbivores lives in an environmental where the conditions have remained stable over a long period of time C. a colony of monkeys clinging to floating debris is washed out to sea by a storm and lands on an island with diverse habitats, abundant food, but without any other primates D. a large population of a migratory species splits up every year and takes different routes to their common mating territoryarrow_forward
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