Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321962751
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 22, Problem 3TYU
According to the punctuated equilibria model,
- A. natural selection is unimportant as a mechanism of evolution.
- B. given enough time, most existing species will branch gradually into new species.
- C. most evolution occurs in sympatric populations.
- D. most new species accumulate their unique features relatively rapidly as they come into existence, then change little for the rest of their duration as a species.
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The theory of evolution is most accurately described as
Group of answer choices
A. Nn opinion that some scientists hold about how life originated on Earth.
B. An overarching explanation, supported by much evidence, for how populations change over time and new species arise from ancestral species.
C. One possible explanation, among several scientific alternatives, about how species have come into existence.
D. An educated guess about how species originate.
E. An idea about how acquired characteristics are passed on to subsequent generations.
Which of the following statement about the outcome of the evolution of a new species through hybridization is false?
a.The new species may have traits that allow it to inhibit environments different from both parental species.
b.The new species is always an intermediate of the two parental species
c.The new species may have greater genetic diversity and greater trait diversity than the parental species.
d.None of the above
What are the two ways of looking into evolution in detail?
a.Micro frequency change and ascent with modification
b.Genotypic and phenotypic modification
c.DNA frequency change and inheritance modification
d.Allele frequency change and descent with modification
Natural selection increases the frequencies of advantageous alleles and decreases deleterious alleles' frequencies. What are the three categories of natural selection depending on the favored traits?
a.Directive, selective and native
b.Indicative, normative and fixative
c.Directional, stabilizing and…
Which of the following statements is false?
a.
Gradual speciation is most likely to occur in a large population that lives in a stable climate.
b.
Punctuated equilibrium is unlikely to occur in a large population that lives in a stable climate.
c.
Gradual speciation and punctuated equilibrium both result in the divergence of species.
d.
Gradual speciation is most likely to occur in a small population that experiences a rapid change in its environment.
Chapter 22 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 22.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 22.1 - WHAT IF? Suppose you are studying two bird species...Ch. 22.2 - Contrast allopatric and sympatric speciation....Ch. 22.2 - WHAT IF? Is allopatric speciation more likely to...Ch. 22.2 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Review the process of meiosis in...Ch. 22.3 - What are hybrid zones, and why can they be viewed...Ch. 22.3 - WHAT IF? Consider two species that diverged while...Ch. 22.4 - Speciation can occur rapidly between diverging...Ch. 22.4 - Summarize evidence that the yup flower-color locus...Ch. 22.4 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Compare Figure 10.11 with Figure...
Ch. 22 - The largest unit within which gene flow can...Ch. 22 - Males of different species of the fruit fly...Ch. 22 - According to the punctuated equilibria model, A....Ch. 22 - Bird guides once listed the myrtle warbler and...Ch. 22 - Which of the following factors would not...Ch. 22 - Plant species A has a diploid number of 12. Plant...Ch. 22 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY DRAW IT In this chapter, you...Ch. 22 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY In the United...Ch. 22 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION Explain the biological basis...Ch. 22 - FOCUS ON INFORMATION In sexually reproducing...Ch. 22 - Prob. 11TYU
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- Alfred Russel Wallace and Charles Darwin argued that evolution by means of natural selection involves all of the following steps except: a. variation is present in all species b. species can produce more offspring than the environment can sustain c. all individuals within a species have equal chances to improve their fitness d. those individuals that are more fit will survive and reproduce in the greatest numbers e. over time, the species will evolve as the more fit individuals replace the less fit individualsarrow_forwardWhat is true about evolution by natural selection? a. It is a largely random process. b. Homology shows that convergence is a useful tool for deducing adaptive function. c. Mothers are invariably members of the same species as their offspring, so selection can never create new species. d. Harmful recessive genes are eliminated more rapidly than harmful dominant genes. e. None of the above is true.arrow_forwardWhich aspect(s) of natural selection is(are) illustrated by the figure below? Check ALL answers that apply. A. Variation among individuals must be genetically transmissible to the next generation. B. Variation must exist in a population. C. Variation among individuals leads to differences in lifetime reproductive success. D. More individuals are produced each generation than the environment can support, resulting in competition for survival.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is not a component of evolution bynatural selection?a. Variation exists within a population.b. Organisms compete for resources.c. Individuals have different reproductive success.d. Organisms adapt due to environmental changes.e. Species are fixed.arrow_forwardWhich of the following most accurately describes mutations? a. They typically have immediate and impactful evolutionary effects on populations. b. They are required for all populations to evolve. c. They are always deleterious. d. They occur so infrequently that most populations to harbor very little variation.arrow_forwardIn nature, when a lone male lion encounters a pride (a group of lions with a male leader), the two males will often fight to become head of the pride. It has been documented that if the foreign lion wins the battle, he will usually kill the offspring of the weaker lion’s pride. This natural selection process best describes; Select one: a. Fitness within species b. Bottleneck effect c. Macroevolution d. Microevolution e. Speciationarrow_forward
- The most accurate definition of biological evolution from the following is... a. extinction and speciation b. the change in allele frequencies over time c. survival of the fittest d. the origin of new speciesarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is true? O A. Chance and random events only influence the evolutionary process in small populations. O B. Chance and random events can influence the evolutionary process in all populations, but especially in small ones. O C. Chance and random events play no role in the evolutionary process. O D. Chance and random events influence the evolutionary process in all populations in the form of natural selection. SUBMITarrow_forwardResearchers have found fossils of Eocene horse species in Colorado. Deeper deposits contain smaller species, and more recent deposits contain larger species. How does this observation support the theory of evolution? A. It provides evidence that species change over time. B. It does not support the theory of evolution. C. It shows that all species are related to each other. D. It proves that environments have changed over time. E. It suggests that species are unchanging and of recent origin.arrow_forward
- Check all of the following that are true: a. Mutation alone is a weak force of evolution. b. Only small populations evolve by genetic drift. c. Selection is always the strongest force of evolution a population can experience. d. Overdominance occurs when there is disruptive selection favoring the homozygotes. e. It is easier to purge a population of dominant deleterious alleles compared to recessive deleterious alleles. f. Populations may change a lot or a little when migration occurs depending on how different the populations are. g. Nonrandom mating in the form of inbreeding is not considered a true evolutionary force. h. Drift and migration can offset or counterbalance the effects of selection in a population.arrow_forwardWhich of the following most likely demonstrates that classification is the basis of evolutionary relatedness? A. Organisms that share similar characteristics are impliedly understood to have common ancestors, thus having an evolutionary relationship. B. Classification is to organize organisms into groups based on their differences and similarities and evolutionary history, so as evolution changes, classification will also change C. Classification based on evolutionary relatedness always infer that all organisms that evolved similarly shares the same history. D. Homologous structures among organisms depicts the same evolutionary history or paths.arrow_forwardPlace the following events in the order in which they are most likely to occur by numbering them from 1 to 5. a. Speciation occurs. b. Genetic divergence takes place. c. Geographic barrier arises. d. Gene flow is discontinued. e. Species adapts to a new environment.arrow_forward
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