Campbell Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135188743
Author: Urry
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 22, Problem 2TYU
Which of the following observations helped Darwin shape hls concept of descent with modification?
(A) Species diversity declines farther from the equator.
(B) Fewer species live on islands than on the nearest continents.
(C) Birds live on islands located farther from the mainland than the birds' maximum nonstop flight distance.
(D) South American temperate plants' are ;,ore similar to the tropical plants of South America than to the temperate plants of Europe.
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8) Darwin's finches are often used to illustrate evolution. Evaluate the finch beaks shown in the picture. Choose ALL of the statements that correctly explain the evolution of finch beaks.
A) As the environment changed, the finches grew longer beaks to allow them to get food out of fruits.
Eliminate
B) Finches with longer beaks settled on the same island with smaller beaked birds. Over time, they bred, producing medium beaked birds that became more common in the population.
C) There are finches with different types of beaks in the population. During a drought, those with shorter beaks are not able to find sufficient food and die, leaving them unable to reproduce and pass the trait on to offspring.
D) A random mutation introduced the shorter, thicker beak into the population. However, those with thinner, longer beaks were better able to get nectar from the island's flowers. Those birds with the shorter, thicker beaks were unable to get enough food to survive.…
Darwin noticed three distinctive patterns of biological diversity: (1) Species vary globally, (2) species vary locally, and (3) species vary over time. Differentiate the patterns of biodiversity?
Evaluate the following statements about seeds from two biology textbooks:
I. The seed coat is an adaptation that protects the plant embryo from damage, water loss, and infection.
II. Evolution has come up with a clever solution for protecting plant embryos: seed coats that prevent damage, water loss, and infection.
Do these statements accurately represent the evolution of seeds?
a) Yes, both statements are accurate.
b) No, neither statement is accurate.
c) Only the first statement is accurate.
Chapter 22 Solutions
Campbell Biology
Ch. 22.1 - How did Hutton's and Lyell's ideas influence...Ch. 22.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Scientific hypotheses must be...Ch. 22.2 - How does the concept of descent with modification...Ch. 22.2 - WHAT IF? If you discovered a fossil of an extinct...Ch. 22.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 22.3 - Explain how the following Statement is inaccurate:...Ch. 22.3 - How does evolution account for (a) the similar...Ch. 22.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 22 - Why was the age of Barth important for Darwin's...Ch. 22 - Describe how overreproduction and heritable...
Ch. 22 - Summarize the different lines of evidence...Ch. 22 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. Which of the...Ch. 22 - Which of the following observations helped Darwin...Ch. 22 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 22 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 22 - DNA sequences in manv human genes are very similar...Ch. 22 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION Explain why anatomical and...Ch. 22 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY DRAW IT Mosquitoes resistant...Ch. 22 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INTERACTIONS Write a Short...Ch. 22 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE This honeypot ant (genus...
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- What is environmental evolution according to Darwin's theory?arrow_forwardWhat did Darwin see in Galapagos that supported his ideas about the "origin of species"?arrow_forwardThe above image shows four different finches that Charles Darwin found while on the Galapagos Islands. This information led Darwin to develop the idea that organisms change, or evolve, over time. Which of these would best describe what Darwin saw as the MAJOR difference(s) between these finches? A) They all ate different food B) They all lived in different areas C) Both where they lived and what they ate were different D) Only their beak size was different and they lived together and ate the same food. Not Gradedarrow_forward
- Which of the following statements regarding Darwin and his theory of evolution is false? Darwin noticed that South American species of birds more closely resembled species found in other temperate regions than a European species of birds Darwin was the original and sole developer of the theory of natural selection Darwin proposed that species adapt over time Darwin proposed that natural selection produces changes in species over timearrow_forwardThe origin of species by natural selection given by charles darwin was first published in which year?arrow_forwardDuring Charles Darwin’s voyages, he observed species of plants and animals unique to specific islands, but with similar looking species on nearby islands. How did Darwin explain these similarities and differences?arrow_forward
- Darwin's studies of Galapagos finches are well known in the study of evolution. These studies have been instrumental in helping us understand how new species evolved from pre-existing species. Which statement is true about the speciation of the Galapagos finches? A) The finches evolved traits to help them survive in different environments. B) The finches had different traits that influenced the environment in which they chose to live. C) Genetic variation occurred amongst the finches, giving some a genetic advantage in a changing environment, allowing them to better survive. D) Members of the original population evolved in such a way that it became impossible for individuals from the two new populations to interbreed. not graded use photoarrow_forwardHow is the observation of “sporting mutations” in animal breeding used to challenge Darwin’s theory of gradualism? Why did Darwin reject such mutations as having little evolutionary importance?arrow_forwardIn lecture we discussed eight (8) lines of evidence that Darwin used to lay out his argument for the fact of evolution in his book On the Origin of Species (1859). Using your materials from lecture and the last chapter of the "Origin" that we read for section, 1) rank order these lines of evidence based on what you find the most to the least compelling. 2) Be sure to describe each of these lines of evidence and 3) discuss how they are, or not, relevant in the early 21st century. (From old pset1) Evidence Variation in domesticated species and breeding (artificial selection) Hierarchical classification (groups nested within groups) "Unity of type" - modification of the same basic structure (homology) Evident "fit" of organisms to environments (but imperfections) (adaptation) Structures without apparent function (vestigial structures) Similarity of organisms in early phases of development (embryology) Order in diversity through time in the fossil record (paleontology) Order in…arrow_forward
- Ancestral wild wheat varieties have a trait where seed heads shatter when ripe, allowing easier seed dispersal. When humans domesticated wheat, they selected for a mutation that reduced shattering so that harvesting the wheat seeds was easier. Use Darwin’s 3 principles of natural selection to compare how this trait evolved in wild wheat and was artificially selected for in domestic wheat.arrow_forwardWhich of Charles Darwin’s evolutionary ideas was a speculative hypothesis about the origin of life from non-living matter when he first proposed it, and is still considered a speculative hypothesis today? his populational change hypothesis his gradualism hypothesis his natural selection hypothesis his abiogenesis hypothesis his common descent hypothesisarrow_forwardHow might an understanding of evolutionary processes help a biologist doing research in (a) the development of a new antibiotic to replace one towhich bacteria have become resistant? (b) conservation of a specific plant in a rain forest?arrow_forward
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