Chapter 22, Problem 10PS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The two transition metal cations with each of the electronic configuration $\left[\text{Ar}\right]{\text{ 3d}}^{\text{6}}$ have to be identified.

Concept introduction:

The electron configuration tells us in which orbitals the electrons for an element are located. Three rules are,

• Pauli Exclusion Principle: No two electrons should not have same four quantum numbers in an atoms that is, no two electrons should have same principal quantum number (n), same orbital angular momentum quantum number (l), the same magnetic quantum number ${\text{(m}}_{\text{l}}\text{)}$ or same spin magnetic quantum numbers${\text{(m}}_{\text{s}}\text{)}$
• Aufbau Principle: In an atom, electrons fill according to the increasing energy of the orbital.
• Hund's Rule: The orbital having maximum number of electrons with same spin in separate orbitals is the most stable arrangement in an orbital.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The two transition metal cations with each of the given electronic configuration$\left[\text{Ar}\right]{\text{ 3d}}^{\text{10}}$ have to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Refer part (a).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The two transition metal cations with each of the given electronic configuration $\left[\text{Ar}\right]{\text{ 3d}}^{\text{5}}$have to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Refer part (a).

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The two transition metal cations with each of the given electronic configuration $\left[\text{Ar}\right]{\text{ 3d}}^8$have to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Refer part (a).