Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781305389892
Author: Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 21.1, Problem 1SB
If a population of skunks includes some individuals with stripes and others with spots, would you describe the variation as quantitative or qualitative?
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You are studying gene Q/q in two populations of great white sharks. In one population most individuals have genotype QQ, and in the other population most individuals have the genotype qq.
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A population of giraffes is composed of individuals of varying neck lengths, i.e., some giraffes have long necks, others have short necks, and some are in-between. Neck length in giraffes is a heritable trait, i.e., offspring have necks similar to their parents due to them inheriting genes from their parents. Within this population, there is competition for resources (leaves to eat). Long-necked giraffes are able to consume more leaves than short or medium-necked giraffes because they can reach leaves that are higher up in the canopy. Therefore, long-necked giraffes, in the current generation, have begun to survive and reproduce more often than giraffes with short or medium necks.
https://www.globalchange.umich.edu/globalchange1/current/lectures/selection/selection.html (you can also search “natural selection Michigan” to find this helpful website)
If you read between the lines…the above paragraph tells…
Chapter 21 Solutions
Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 21.1 - If a population of skunks includes some...Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 2SBCh. 21.1 - What factors contribute to phenotypic variation in...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 1SBCh. 21.2 - Why is the Hardy-Weinberg principle considered a...Ch. 21.2 - Prob. 3SBCh. 21.3 - Which agents of microevolution tend to increase...Ch. 21.3 - Which mode of natural selection increases the...Ch. 21.3 - In what way is sexual selection like directional...Ch. 21.4 - How does the diploid condition protect harmful...
Ch. 21.4 - Prob. 2SBCh. 21.4 - Prob. 3SBCh. 21.5 - How can a biologist test whether a trait is...Ch. 21.5 - Why are most organisms adapted to the environments...Ch. 21 - The reason spontaneous mutations do not have an...Ch. 21 - The phenomenon in which chance events cause...Ch. 21 - Prob. 3TYKCh. 21 - Prob. 4TYKCh. 21 - Prob. 5TYKCh. 21 - Which of the following represents an example of...Ch. 21 - A population of mice is at HardyWeinberg...Ch. 21 - If the genotype frequencies in a population are...Ch. 21 - An Eastern European immigrant carrying the allele...Ch. 21 - If a storm kills many small sparrows in a...Ch. 21 - Prob. 11TYKCh. 21 - Discuss Concepts Many human diseases are caused by...Ch. 21 - Prob. 13TYKCh. 21 - Apply Evolutionary Thinking Captive breeding...Ch. 21 - Prob. 15TYKCh. 21 - Design an experiment to test the hypothesis that...Ch. 21 - Peter and Rosemary Grant of Princeton University...
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- Color in a species of minnow is determined by a single locus with two alleles: D and d. DD individuals are dark, Dd are intermediate, and dd are pale. In a population that is in Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium, we count 74 pale minnows out of 202. How many minnows do you expect to be dark?arrow_forwardA scientist is studying a wild population of Japanese morning glories. It is easy to separate genotypes at a flower color locus by their phenotypes. Red individuals are homozygous for the R allele, yellow individuals are homozygous for the Y allele, and orange individuals are heterozygous. If the number of individuals with the following genotypes are: RR: 831 RY: 33 YY: 442 Is the population in Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium?arrow_forwardIn a population of lynx, a census was taken in the spring and again a year later. In the spring, there were 400 baby lynx born, of which 300 had a normal speckled coat phenotype and 100 had a black phenotype. A year later, there were 200 speckled coat lynx and 50 black lynx that had survived to adulthood. Calculate the survivorship for each phenotype, and determine the relative fitnesses based on survivorship. What is the relative fitness of the black fur phenotype (wb)? a) 0.00 < w < 0.25 b) 0.25 < w < 0.50 c) 0.50 < w < 0.75 d) 0.75 < w < 1.00arrow_forward
- A certain plant population has 289 individuals, some berry white flowers, other red flowers. The red allele is dominant over the white allele, of the 289 plants, 246 havve red flowers. Assuming the population is in equilibrium; i) What is the frequency of the white allele ii)How many of the red plants are expected to be heterozygous?arrow_forwardThe two figures below show scatter plots for body size in two populations of gold fish 19) What estimate does the slope of these plots give you? a) Narrow sense heritability b) Broad sense heritability c) Selection coefficient d) Additive genetic variation e) Total genetic variation Paront Parent Offspring Offspringarrow_forwardIn a population that is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium there is a gene that has only two alleles. If the dominant gene accounts for 70% of the gene pool, what percentage of the population is heterozygous for the trait?arrow_forward
- If (positive) assortative mating increases in a population, what would expect to happen to genotype frequency over generations? O a) Frequency of the heterozygous genotype will increase. b) Frequency of the homozygous genotypes will decrease. O c) Frequency of the homozygous genotypes will increase. O d) There will be no change in genotype frequency.arrow_forwardA particular deer population has 50 M individuals, 30 MN individuals, and 70 N individuals. What are the allele frequencies?arrow_forwardConsider a population of wildflowers, some with yellow flowers and some with red flowers. In this species, flower color is determined by a single gene – plants with the RR genotype have red flowers, while plants with the Rr or rr genotypes have yellow flowers. Suppose that the population is 863 plants altogether, and 369 are red. (The rest are yellow.) If the population is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, how many of the plants would you expect to be carrying two copies of the r allele (i.e., how many should be rr homozygotes)?arrow_forward
- In a population that is in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of the homozygous recessive genotype is 0.09. What is the frequency of individuals that are homozygous for the dominant allele?arrow_forwardIn a population of 265 individuals, a locus has two alleles: E and e. If 59 individuals have the ee genotype, and the locus is at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, what is the frequency of the EE genotype?arrow_forwardThere are two traits in moths: light color and dark color. If a population has 60%of the moths with the light color, using Hardy-Weinberg, what can be predicted about the offspring of the population if no environmental factors are present? 40%of the offspring will be dark in color 40%of the offspring will be light in color 60%of the offspring will be dark in color 50%of the offspring will be each colorarrow_forward
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