Organic Chemistry
7th Edition
ISBN: 9780321803221
Author: Paula Y. Bruice
Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Question
Chapter 21, Problem 51P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The method to determine which bottle contains D-lyxose is to be stated.
Concept Introduction:
Dilute nitric acid is a strong oxidizing agent. It is used to oxidize
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Students have asked these similar questions
Identify the sugar in each description. a. An aldopentose that is not d-arabinose forms d-arabinitol when it is reduced with NaBH4. b. A sugar that is not D-altrose forms d-altraric acid when it is oxidized with nitric acid. c. A ketose that, when reduced with NaBH4, forms d-altritol and d-allitol.
Consider the disaccharide isomaltose.
OH
H
CH OH
H
OH
H
H
OH
H
H
OH
CH,
H
isomaltose
OH
H
Н
ОН
ОН
What monosaccharides are formed when isomaltose is hydrolyzed? Modify the structure of the disaccharide to identify the two monosaccharide products.
Disaccharides are formed from two monosaccharides that are held
glycosidic bond. Glycosidic bonds are found only in carbohydr
Work on your own. Look at the molecules labelled A and B.
Figure 2 Structural formula for glucose showing how (a) a chain becomes (b) a fg
OH-C-H
HO
H-C-OH
H-C-OH
OH
"CH,OH
e diagr
nosac
es up
mbine
Identify monosaccharides
Activity 1
OH HH
ОН ОН
H OH O
C-C-C-C-C-C-H
H-C-C-C
н ОН ОН Н
H.
H H
HO.
molecule A
molecule B
Explain why both molecules A and B are carbohydrates.
Which molecule is a triose and which is a hexose? Explain yu
Write down the chemical formula for each molecule.
Explain why both molecules A and B are monosaccharides
Disaccharides
nk the monosaccharides together.
Table 2 on page 47 ch
homic
Chapter 21 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
Ch. 21.1 - Prob. 1PCh. 21.2 - Prob. 2PCh. 21.2 - Prob. 3PCh. 21.3 - Prob. 4PCh. 21.3 - Prob. 5PCh. 21.3 - Prob. 6PCh. 21.4 - Prob. 7PCh. 21.4 - Prob. 8PCh. 21.5 - Prob. 9PCh. 21.5 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 21.5 - Prob. 11PCh. 21.6 - Prob. 12PCh. 21.6 - Prob. 13PCh. 21.6 - Prob. 14PCh. 21.7 - Prob. 15PCh. 21.8 - Prob. 16PCh. 21.9 - Prob. 18PCh. 21.10 - Prob. 20PCh. 21.10 - Prob. 21PCh. 21.10 - Prob. 22PCh. 21.11 - Prob. 24PCh. 21.11 - Prob. 25PCh. 21.15 - Prob. 27PCh. 21.16 - Prob. 28PCh. 21.17 - Prob. 29PCh. 21.18 - Refer to Figure 20.5 to answer the following...Ch. 21 - Prob. 31PCh. 21 - Prob. 32PCh. 21 - Prob. 33PCh. 21 - Prob. 34PCh. 21 - Prob. 35PCh. 21 - Prob. 36PCh. 21 - Prob. 37PCh. 21 - Prob. 38PCh. 21 - Prob. 39PCh. 21 - Prob. 40PCh. 21 - Prob. 41PCh. 21 - Prob. 42PCh. 21 - Prob. 43PCh. 21 - Prob. 44PCh. 21 - The 1H NMR spectrum of D-glucose in D2O exhibits...Ch. 21 - Prob. 46PCh. 21 - Prob. 47PCh. 21 - Prob. 48PCh. 21 - Prob. 49PCh. 21 - Prob. 50PCh. 21 - Prob. 51PCh. 21 - Prob. 52PCh. 21 - Prob. 53PCh. 21 - Prob. 54PCh. 21 - Prob. 55PCh. 21 - A hexose is obtained when the residue of a shrub...Ch. 21 - Prob. 57PCh. 21 - Prob. 58PCh. 21 - Prob. 59PCh. 21 - Prob. 60PCh. 21 - Prob. 61PCh. 21 - Prob. 62PCh. 21 - Prob. 63PCh. 21 - Prob. 64PCh. 21 - Prob. 65PCh. 21 - Prob. 66P
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- md 26) What carbon (position) is used to make a glycosidic bond? 27) Draw a-D-maltose (a disaccharide composed of two a-D-glucose monosaccharides in an a- 1,4-glycosidic bond). 28) Draw B-D-lactose (a disaccharide composed of B-D-galactose and B-D-glucose in a B-1,4- glycosidic bond). *29) Draw an equation for the hydrolysis of a-D-maltose. (Will be reviewed in lab.) CHM60 Lecture Worksheet: Carbohydrates 6 10arrow_forwardedu.co D- and L- designations are used to distinguish between the two possible enantiomers of the monosaccharide, galactose. From the Fischer projection, determine the designation of this monosaccharide. H H— HO HO H- =0 c= -OH —H -H Question 8 of 20 OH CH₂OH A) D B) L C) D, L Submit D) This monosaccharide contains no chiral centers. : +arrow_forwardYeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, fermented sucrose faster than glucose and fructose. Why? and why was it not able to ferment galactose?arrow_forward
- 4. Draw the structures for the oxidation of the following carbohydrates. a) C-H 主 H CH CHOH erythrose b) [0] Ho CHOH glicese 5. Draw the structures for the reduction of the following carbohydrates. Ho CHOH Cat. C=0 + Hz It. OH CHOH olwollol enythrulse b) Cat. Ho CHCH gucosearrow_forwardAt equilibrium in solution, D-glucose consists of a mixture of its anomers. Which statement most accurately describes the solution? A) consists of approximately equal amounts of the a- and B-anomers B) the a-anomer is more stable and is slightly preferred over the ß-anomer C) the ß-anomer predominates over the a-anomer by a ratio of approximately 2:1 D) straight-chain form is present in high concentration E) none of the above Glucose and galactose are A) epimers B) enantiomers C) diastereomers D) anomers E) none of the above of each other. Any sugar that has a free aldehyde group is called a(n) A) reducing sugar B) non-reducing sugar C) ketose D) aldohexose E) alditolarrow_forwardm) Which pyranose ring (A, B, C, or D) in the tetrasaccharide below is derived from D-altrose? The Fischer projections for the four aldohexoses that make up this tetrasaccharide are shown below. B C D HOH CHO CHO CHO CHO HO+H HTOH Fонно н HOH HOH H-OH H-OH H-+-OH H-TOHHOH HOH H+OH HOHнтон нон CHOH CHOH CHOH CHOH De D-glue Dalose Datrone i NH Į HOH STEP 1 OH, HO- answer 1. Just add arrows and charges for steps 1, 2, and 3 in formation of this enamine з no arrows needed here OH н Н ЮН -OH STEP 3 :ÖH н H STEP 2 на это про за почarrow_forward
- 14. (a) Identify the acetal and the ketal group in the following disaccharide. (b) Decide whether the compound is a non-reducing or reducing sugar. OH НО HƠ HO Н HO Н НО HO 15. (a) Identify the glycosidic bond in the following disaccharide. (b) Decide whether the compound is a non-reducing or reducing sugar. (c) Polysaccharide units are usually bonded together with a or B 1, 6 or 1, 4 linkages. What linkage is used in the disaccharide shown below? s) НО НО НО HO НО -OH OH -H OH CH2OH 16. Draw the structure for 1,4-B-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucose. ( но- 17. Assign an R/S designation to each chirality center in the following compound: ( CHO НО -OHarrow_forward5. The Haworth projection of a simple sugar is given below. Note that the-OH group on the anomeric carbon can be either up or down. Using only this sugar, draw the Haworth projections of the following: a) an a-disaccharide with a B (1 3) glycosidic bond b) an a-disaccharide with an a (1→ 3) glycosidic bond c) a B-disaccharide with an a (1→4) glycosidic bond d) a B-disaccharide with an B (1 4) glycosidic bond CH2OH HO H H OH group can be either up or down OH H. OH Harrow_forward
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