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(a)
Interpretation:
The number of alkaline batteries required to be placed in series in order to light a flashlight with 6V bulb has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Oxidation: The gain of oxygen or the loss of hydrogen or the loss of an electron in a species during a
Reduction: The loss of oxygen or the gain of hydrogen or the gain of an electron in a species during a redox reaction is called as reduction.
Oxidizing agent: The substance that is oxidized is called as a reducing agent.
Reducing agent: The substance that is reduced is called as an oxidizing agent.
Oxidation half-reaction: An oxidation half-reaction is a part of redox reaction that shows only for the oxidized species with electrons and its oxidation state increases with the loss of electrons.
Reduction half-reaction: A reduction half-reaction is a part of redox reaction (counterpart of oxidation half-reaction) that shows only for the reduced species with electrons and its oxidation state decreases with the gain of electrons.
Anode: The electrode where the oxidation occurs is called as an anode. It is a negatively charged electrode.
Cathode: The electrode where reduction occurs is called as a cathode. It is a positively charged electrode.
Ecell-the potential difference between anode and cathode in cell is determined as cell potential.
Eocell-the cell potential measured at specified temperature conditions which is used to compare the potentials of different cells since, the Ecell is affected by concentration changes as reaction proceeds and due to energy loss from heating of the cell and external circuit.
(b)
Interpretation:
The voltage requirement of camera which uses 6 Ag batteries has to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Oxidation: The gain of oxygen or the loss of hydrogen or the loss of an electron in a species during a redox reaction is called as oxidation.
Reduction: The loss of oxygen or the gain of hydrogen or the gain of an electron in a species during a redox reaction is called as reduction.
Oxidizing agent: The substance that is oxidized is called as a reducing agent.
Reducing agent: The substance that is reduced is called as an oxidizing agent.
Oxidation half-reaction: An oxidation half-reaction is a part of redox reaction that shows only for the oxidized species with electrons and its oxidation state increases with the loss of electrons.
Reduction half-reaction: A reduction half-reaction is a part of redox reaction (counterpart of oxidation half-reaction) that shows only for the reduced species with electrons and its oxidation state decreases with the gain of electrons.
Anode: The electrode where the oxidation occurs is called as an anode. It is a negatively charged electrode.
Cathode: The electrode where reduction occurs is called as a cathode. It is a positively charged electrode.
Ecell-the potential difference between anode and cathode in cell is determined as cell potential.
Eocell-the cell potential measured at specified temperature conditions which is used to compare the potentials of different cells since, the Ecell is affected by concentration changes as reaction proceeds and due to energy loss from heating of the cell and external circuit.
(c)
Interpretation:
The volts delivered by car battery when two of its cathode or anode cells are shorted have to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Oxidation: The gain of oxygen or the loss of hydrogen or the loss of an electron in a species during a redox reaction is called as oxidation.
Reduction: The loss of oxygen or the gain of hydrogen or the gain of an electron in a species during a redox reaction is called as reduction.
Oxidizing agent: The substance that is oxidized is called as a reducing agent.
Reducing agent: The substance that is reduced is called as an oxidizing agent.
Oxidation half-reaction: An oxidation half-reaction is a part of redox reaction that shows only for the oxidized species with electrons and its oxidation state increases with the loss of electrons.
Reduction half-reaction: A reduction half-reaction is a part of redox reaction (counterpart of oxidation half-reaction) that shows only for the reduced species with electrons and its oxidation state decreases with the gain of electrons.
Anode: The electrode where the oxidation occurs is called as an anode. It is a negatively charged electrode.
Cathode: The electrode where reduction occurs is called as a cathode. It is a positively charged electrode.
Ecell-the potential difference between anode and cathode in cell is determined as cell potential.
Eocell-the cell potential measured at specified temperature conditions which is used to compare the potentials of different cells since, the Ecell is affected by concentration changes as reaction proceeds and due to energy loss from heating of the cell and external circuit.
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Chapter 21 Solutions
Chemistry: The Molecular Nature of Matter and Change
- (ME EX1) Prblm #9/10 Can you explain in detail (step by step) I'm so confused with these problems. For turmber 13 can u turn them into lewis dot structures so I can better understand because, and then as well explain the resonance structure part. Thanks for the help.arrow_forwardProblems 19 and 20: (ME EX1) Can you please explain the following in detail? I'm having trouble understanding them. Both problems are difficult for me to explain in detail, so please include the drawings and answers.arrow_forward(ME EX1) Prblm #4-11 Can you please help me and explain these I'm very confused in detail please. Prblm number 9 I don't understand at all (its soo confusing to me and redraw it so I can better depict it).arrow_forward
- ME EX1) Prblm #19-20 I'm so confused with these problems. Can you please help me solve them and explain them? Problems number 19-20, and thanks! step by step and in detail for me please helparrow_forwardCalculate the flux of oxygen between the ocean and the atmosphere, given that: Temp = 18°C Salinity = 35 ppt Density = 1025 kg/m3 Oxygen concentration measured in bulk water = 263.84 mmol/m3 Wind speed = 7.4 m/s Oxygen is observed to be about 10% initially supersaturatedarrow_forward( ME EX1) Prblm 27-28: Can you explain to me both prblms in detail and for prblm 28 what do you mean bi conjugated bi ponds and those structures I'm confused...arrow_forward
- A. Determine the number of electrons in a system of cyclic conjugation (zero if no cyclic conjugation). B. Specify whether the species is "a"-aromatic, "aa"-anti-aromatic, or "na"-non-aromatic (neither aromatic nor anti-aromatic). (Presume rings to be planar unless structure obviously prevents planarity. If there is more than one conjugated ring, count electrons in the largest.) 1. A.Electrons in a cyclic conjugated system. 18 B.The compound is (a, aa, or na) a 2. A.Electrons in a cyclic conjugated system. 10 B.The compound is (a, aa, or na) naarrow_forwardWater is boiling at 1 atm pressure in a stainless steel pan on an electric range. It is observed that 2 kg of liquid water evaporates in 30 min. Find the rate of heat transfer to the water (kW).arrow_forwardCould you please turn this into a complete Lewis dot structure formula for me so I can visualize it more clearly? and then do the explaining for the resonance structures that were given please.arrow_forward
- Could you please turn this into a complete Lewis dot structure formula for me so I can visualize it more clearly? and then do the explaining for the question.arrow_forwardplease solve. If the answer is "no error" and it asks me to type something, and i typed a-helix, its always wrong.arrow_forwardCan you please solve and explain this for me in a simple way? I cant seem to comprehend this problem.arrow_forward
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