Physics for Scientists and Engineers
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337553278
Author: Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher: Cengage Learning
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 21, Problem 20P
(a) Prepare a table like Table 21.1 for the following occurrence. You toss four coins into the air simultaneously and then record the results of your tosses in terms of the numbers of heads (H) and tails (T) that result. For example, HHTH and HTHH are two possible ways in which three heads and one tail can be achieved. (b) On the basis of your table, what is the most probable result recorded for a toss?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
Consider the thermodynamic process, A->B->C->A shown above. The heat absorbed during A->B is 591J. If the change in internal energy during B->C is 4146J, What is the change in internal energy in SI units during C->A? Express only the number of your answer with 4 significant figures.
A bag of frozen vegetables with temperature 32◦F is placed in a 75◦F room. After 20 minutes, the temperature of the vegetables has risen to 41◦F. Using this information, find an exponential formula for the temperature of the vegetables where time is measured in minutes. To find the exponential formula, transform the temperature into a new variable for which the problem can be solved as an exponential growth/decay problem. Then find the formula in that variable and transform back to temperature. Based on the formula, what is the temperature of the vegetables after 45 minutes?
(a) Considering the numbers of heads and tails, how
many macrostates are there when five coins are tossed?
(b) What is the total number of possible microstates in
tossing five coins? (c) Find the number of microstates for
each macrostate and be sure that the total agrees with
your answer to part (b).
Chapter 21 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers
Ch. 21.1 - The energy input to an engine is 4.00 times...Ch. 21.2 - The energy entering an electric heater by...Ch. 21.4 - Three engines operate between reservoirs separated...Ch. 21.6 - (a) Suppose you select four cards at random from a...Ch. 21.7 - An ideal gas is taken from an initial temperature...Ch. 21.7 - True or False: The entropy change in an adiabatic...Ch. 21 - A particular heat engine has a mechanical power...Ch. 21 - The work done by an engine equals one-fourth the...Ch. 21 - Suppose a heat engine is connected to two energy...Ch. 21 - During each cycle, a refrigerator ejects 625 kJ of...
Ch. 21 - A freezer has a coefficient of performance of...Ch. 21 - A heat pump has a coefficient of performance equal...Ch. 21 - One of the most efficient heat engines ever built...Ch. 21 - Why is the following situation impossible? An...Ch. 21 - If a 35.0% -efficient Carnot heat engine (Fig....Ch. 21 - An ideal refrigerator or ideal heat pump is...Ch. 21 - A heat engine is being designed to have a Carnot...Ch. 21 - A power plant operates at a 32.0% efficiency...Ch. 21 - You are working on a summer job at a company that...Ch. 21 - A Carnot heat engine operates between temperatures...Ch. 21 - An electric generating station is designed to have...Ch. 21 - Suppose you build a two-engine device with the...Ch. 21 - A heat pump used for heating shown in Figure...Ch. 21 - A gasoline engine has a compression ratio of 6.00....Ch. 21 - An idealized diesel engine operates in a cycle...Ch. 21 - (a) Prepare a table like Table 21.1 for the...Ch. 21 - Prob. 21PCh. 21 - A Styrofoam cup holding 125 g of hot water at 100C...Ch. 21 - A 1 500-kg car is moving at 20.0 m/s. The driver...Ch. 21 - A 2.00-L container has a center partition that...Ch. 21 - Calculate the change in entropy of 250 g of water...Ch. 21 - What change in entropy occurs when a 27.9-g ice...Ch. 21 - When an aluminum bar is connected between a hot...Ch. 21 - When a metal bar is connected between a hot...Ch. 21 - How fast are you personally making the entropy of...Ch. 21 - Prob. 30APCh. 21 - The energy absorbed by an engine is three times...Ch. 21 - In 1993, the U.S. government instituted a...Ch. 21 - In 1816, Robert Stirling, a Scottish clergyman,...Ch. 21 - Suppose an ideal (Carnot) heat pump could be...Ch. 21 - Review. This problem complements Problem 44 in...Ch. 21 - A firebox is at 750 K, and the ambient temperature...Ch. 21 - A 1.00-mol sample of an ideal monatomic gas is...Ch. 21 - A system consisting of n moles of an ideal gas...Ch. 21 - A heat engine operates between two reservoirs at...Ch. 21 - You are working as an assistant to a physics...Ch. 21 - Prob. 41APCh. 21 - You are working as an expert witness for an...Ch. 21 - An athlete whose mass is 70.0 kg drinks 16.0...Ch. 21 - Prob. 44APCh. 21 - Prob. 45APCh. 21 - A sample consisting of n moles of an ideal gas...Ch. 21 - The compression ratio of an Otto cycle as shown in...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- (a) Suppose that a person has an average heart rate of 72.0 beats/mm. How many beats does he or she have in 2.0 years? (b) In 2.00 years? (c) In 2.000 years?arrow_forwardThe average electricity consumption of a house in Gainesville is known to be 1,036 kWh in a month (One month = 30 days). They would like to install solar panels of 30 % efficiency to generate this electricity. Given that the average solar power density in Gainesville is 5.47 kWh/m2/day, how much surface area must the panels occupy? Calculate the result in m² but do not write the unit. Round off you E swer to a whole number (zero decimal place.)arrow_forwardA number of particles are moving in a box. Their speeds are measured, and the number of particles, N₁, with a speed of v¿ is listed in the table below. a) b) What is the root-mean-square speed of the particles ? What is the average speed ? What it the most probable speed ? Vi Ni 1.0 1 2.0 2 3.0 6 4.0 5.0 105arrow_forward
- Ideal gases are often studied at standard ambient temperature and pressure (SATP). The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) defines SATP to be T = 25° C and P = 100 kPa. a. Calculate N/V (in particles per cubic meter) for an ideal gas at SATP b. How many atoms of an ideal gas at SATP are there in one cubic centimeter?arrow_forwardEstimate the number of people in the world who are suffering from the common cold on any given day. (Remember that a person suffers from a cold for about a week, and assume that the average person catches a cold twice a year. The population of Earth is approximately seven billion.) O 10² O 105 O 108 O 10¹3arrow_forwardThe table shows the number of video games sold worldwide for the five highest-selling video games in 2010. Assuming this trend continues and that the total sales of all other video games is negligible, if a person chooses to purchase one of these video games, determine the empirical probability that the person will purchase a) Game 2. b) Game 5. c) Game 1. a) P(Game 2) = b) P(Game 5) = c) P(Game 1) = Game Game 1 Game 2 Game 3 Game 4 Game 5 Total (Type an integer or a simplified fraction.) (Type an integer or a simplified fraction.) (Type an integer or a simplified fraction.) Games Sold 18,970,000 17,630,000 11,480,000 11,210,000 9,000,000 68,290,000arrow_forward
- A woman expends 95 kJ of energy in walking a kilometer. The energy is supplied by the metabolic breakdown of food intake and has a 35 percent efficiency. If the woman drives a car over the same distance, how much energy is used if the car gets 8.8 km per liter of gasoline (approximately 20 mi/gal)? The density of gasoline is 0.71 g/mL, and its enthalpy of combustion is 49 kJ/g. Enter your answer in scientific notation. Compare the efficiencies of the two processes. kJ (driving)/ kJ (walking)arrow_forwardc) (E) is the energy consumed to crush a material with ( 90 mm ) particles in a gyratory crusher into (10 mm), determine the particle size of product if the energy increased by three times to crushed the same feed, using Von-Rittinger's law. Note that, the Von-Rittinger's constant is equal ( 0.135 kW/kg.m)arrow_forwardAn electronic device exhibits a bathtub hazard rate profile. Assuming the hazard rate function is given as follows, where tis units of months: [0.1-0.004t, 0arrow_forwardThe volume V of an ideal gas varies directly with the temperature T and inversely with the pressure P. If a cylinder of 50 liters contains oxygen at a temperature of 200 K and a pressure of 5 atmospheres, what would the gas pressure be if the volume was changed to 30 liters and the temperature raised to 240 K?arrow_forwardProblem 1: How long does it take to heat a cup of coffee in a 1000-Watt microwave oven? This means that energy is used at the rate of 1000 Joules per second. Assume that the coffee starts at a normal room temperature of 25°C. Step 1: Guess an answer. Step 2: Estimate the volume of the coffee in mL and the final temperature that you want to attain. Step 3: Assume coffee has the same density and thermal properties of water. Find its heat capacity (specific heat times mass) in appropriate units. Step 4: Use the heat capacity and the desired temperature change to find the energy required. Step 5: Calculate the time required using the energy and the microwave power. Pay attention to units and use Power = Energy/time. Step 5: Is your answer reasonable?arrow_forwardIf you toss two dice, what is the total number of ways that you can obtain (a) a 12 and (b) a 7?arrow_forwardarrow_back_iosSEE MORE QUESTIONSarrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...PhysicsISBN:9781133939146Author:Katz, Debora M.Publisher:Cengage Learning
Classical Dynamics of Particles and SystemsPhysicsISBN:9780534408961Author:Stephen T. Thornton, Jerry B. MarionPublisher:Cengage Learning
University Physics Volume 1PhysicsISBN:9781938168277Author:William Moebs, Samuel J. Ling, Jeff SannyPublisher:OpenStax - Rice University
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: Foundations...
Physics
ISBN:9781133939146
Author:Katz, Debora M.
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Classical Dynamics of Particles and Systems
Physics
ISBN:9780534408961
Author:Stephen T. Thornton, Jerry B. Marion
Publisher:Cengage Learning
University Physics Volume 1
Physics
ISBN:9781938168277
Author:William Moebs, Samuel J. Ling, Jeff Sanny
Publisher:OpenStax - Rice University
The Second Law of Thermodynamics: Heat Flow, Entropy, and Microstates; Author: Professor Dave Explains;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MrwW4w2nAMc;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY