Concept explainers
Ethics and
You are the accountant for Nello Company, which manufactures specialty equipment. Nello has been in financial difficulty, so its suppliers require purchases to he paid in cash. Furthermore, Nello has long-term debt with a debt covenant that requires it to maintain a 1:1 acid-test (quick) ratio. Nello’s employees work a 5-day week, Monday through Friday.
On Wednesday morning during the last week of the current year, Sam (the production supervisor) comes to you and says, “I don’t understand it. We have this large special order from a customer that must be delivered at the end of the first week in January. Once we get the raw materials, it is going to take 5 solid days of work without overtime to produce the order. If Bob (the president) would let me order the raw materials this morning, we could have them by late today. This would give us 2 days this week and the 4 days after New Year’s Day (Monday) of next week to complete the order without incurring overtime costs. But Bob says we must wait until next Tuesday to order the materials. This means we will have to work double time that Wednesday through Friday to finish the order. That overtime cost is going to really increase next year’s factory salary expense, so our profit and operating cash flows from that order will be very low. Please talk to him.”
When you approach Bob about buying the raw materials this morning, he says, “If we purchase those materials today, we will have to write a check. And that means our cash flow from operating activities for this year will be much lower, which our shareholders won’t like. Furthermore, our quick ratio will go down from 1.01:1 to 0.90:1, so our creditors may be upset. I know our profit and operating cash flows for next year will be lower if we delay the purchase, but that seems to be the best decision. Don’t you agree?”
Required:
From financial reporting and ethical perspectives, how would you respond to Bob?
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 21 Solutions
Intermediate Accounting: Reporting And Analysis
- Between the end of one month and the 15th day of the next month, the balance in the employers business bank account has been getting smaller and smaller. An employee prepares the next payroll and correctly computes the necessary withholding taxes. The employer is supposed to pay accumulated employment taxes on the 15th of the next month. Payday is the last day of the month. However, the employer has used the funds withheld from employees to pay some of the businesss bills. He hopes that enough of the customers who owe him money will pay their outstanding debts. If his assumption is true, the checking account will have enough in it to pay the federal deposit on the 15th of the month. Is the employer acting ethically? After all, he says he intends to have enough money in the account for the deposit. Explain your answer.arrow_forwardAggressive Corporation approaches Matt Taylor, a loan officer for Oklahoma State Bank, seeking toincrease the company's borrowings with the bank from $100,000 to $150,000. Matt has an uneasyfeeling as he examines the loan application from Aggressive Corporation, which just completed itsfirst year of operations. The application included the following financial statements The income statement submitted with the application shows a net income of $30,000 in the first yearof operations. Referring to the balance sheet, this net income represents a more-than-acceptable15% rate of return on assets of $200,000.Matt's concern stems from his recollection that the $100,000 note payable reported on the balancesheet is a three-year loan from his bank, approved earlier this year. He recalls another promising newcompany that, just recently, defaulted on its loan due to its inability to generate sufficient cash flowsto meet its loan obligations.Seeing Matt's hesitation, Larry Bling, the CEO of…arrow_forwardYou are the assistant controller in charge of general ledger accounting at Linebarger Bottling Company. Your company has a large loan from an insurance company. The loan agreement requires that the company's cash account balance be maintained at $200,000 or more, as reported monthly. On June 30, the cash balance is $80,000, which you report to Lisa Infante, the financial vice president. Lisa excitedly instructs you to keep the cash receipts book open for one additional day for purposes of the June 30 report to the insurance company. Lisa says, “If we don't get that cash balance over $200,000, we'll default on our loan agreement. They could close us down, put us all out of our jobs!” Lisa continues, “I talked to Oconto Distributors (one of Linbarger's largest customers) this morning. They said they sent us a check for $150,000 yesterday. We should receive it tomorrow. If we include just that one check in our cash balance, we'll be in the clear. It's in the mail!” a. Who will suffer…arrow_forward
- Proco had an account payable of $3,800 due to Shiroo Inc., on of its suppliers. The amount was due to be paid on January 31. Proco did not have enough cash on hand then to pay the amount due, so Proco's treasurer called Shirmoo's treasurer and agreed to sign a note payable for the amount due. The note was dated February 1, had an interest rate of 12% per annum, and was payable with interest on May 31. Use the horizontal model to show the effects (+for addition and -fro subtraction) of each of these transactions and adjustment for Proco on the following: a. February 1, to show that the account payable had been changed to a note payable. b. March 31, to accrue interest expense for February and March. c. May 31 to record payment of the note and all ofthe interst due to Shirmoo.arrow_forwardBev Wynn, vice president of operations for Dillon County Bank, has instructed the bank’s computer programmer to use a 365-day year to compute interest on depository accounts (liabilities). Bev also instructed the programmer to use a 360-day year to compute interest on loans (assets).Discuss whether Bev is behaving in a professional manner.arrow_forwardJames Howard owns Howard Auto Sales. He periodically borrows money from Bay City State Bank and Trust. He permits some customers to sign short-term notes for their purchases. He usually discounts these notes at the bank. Following are selected transactions that occurred in March 20X1. DATE TRANSACTIONS 20X1 Mar. 4 Mr. Howard borrows $34,560 from the bank on a note payable for the business. Terms of the note are 10 percent interest for 45 days. 11 A 90-day $47,520 note payable to the bank is discounted at a rate of 8 percent. 22 Sold a car to Darnell Jones for $40,320 on a 75-day note receivable, bearing interest at 7 percent. 23 Discounted the Jones note with the bank. The bank charges a discount rate of 10 percent. 25 Sold a car for $48,960 to Henry Thomas. Thomas paid $4,000 cash and signed a 30-day note, bearing interest at 9 percent, for the balance. 28 Alfred Herron's account receivable is overdue. Howard requires him to sign a 8…arrow_forward
- James Howard owns Howard Auto Sales. He periodically borrows money from Bay City State Bank and Trust. He permits some customers to sign short-term notes for their purchases. He usually discounts these notes at the bank. Following are selected transactions that occurred in March 20X1. DATE TRANSACTIONS 20X1 Mar. 4 Mr. Howard borrows $34,560 from the bank on a note payable for the business. Terms of the note are 10 percent interest for 45 days. 11 A 90-day $47,520 note payable to the bank is discounted at a rate of 8 percent. 22 Sold a car to Darnell Jones for $40,320 on a 75-day note receivable, bearing interest at 7 percent. 23 Discounted the Jones note with the bank. The bank charges a discount rate of 10 percent. 25 Sold a car for $48,960 to Henry Thomas. Thomas paid $4,000 cash and signed a 30-day note, bearing interest at 9 percent, for the balance. 28 Alfred Herron's account receivable is overdue. Howard requires him to sign a 8…arrow_forwardJames Howard owns Howard Auto Sales. He periodically borrows money from Bay City State Bank and Trust. He permits some customers to sign short-term notes for their purchases. He usually discounts these notes at the bank. Following are selected transactions that occurred in March 20X1. DATE TRANSACTIONS 20X1 Mar. 4 Mr. Howard borrows $34,560 from the bank on a note payable for the business. Terms of the note are 10 percent interest for 45 days. 11 A 90-day $47,520 note payable to the bank is discounted at a rate of 8 percent. 22 Sold a car to Darnell Jones for $40,320 on a 75-day note receivable, bearing interest at 7 percent. 23 Discounted the Jones note with the bank. The bank charges a discount rate of 10 percent. 25 Sold a car for $48,960 to Henry Thomas. Thomas paid $4,000 cash and signed a 30-day note, bearing interest at 9 percent, for the balance. 28 Alfred Herron's account receivable is overdue. Howard requires him to sign a 8…arrow_forwardJames Howard owns Howard Auto Sales. He periodically borrows money from Bay City State Bank and Trust. He permits some customers to sign short-term notes for their purchases. He usually discounts these notes at the bank. Following are selected transactions that occurred in March 20X1. DATE TRANSACTIONS 20X1 Mar. 4 Mr. Howard borrows $34,560 from the bank on a note payable for the business. Terms of the note are 10 percent interest for 45 days. 11 A 90-day $47,520 note payable to the bank is discounted at a rate of 8 percent. 22 Sold a car to Darnell Jones for $40,320 on a 75-day note receivable, bearing interest at 7 percent. 23 Discounted the Jones note with the bank. The bank charges a discount rate of 10 percent. 25 Sold a car for $48,960 to Henry Thomas. Thomas paid $4,000 cash and signed a 30-day note, bearing interest at 9 percent, for the balance. 28 Alfred Herron's account receivable is overdue. Howard requires him to sign a 8…arrow_forward
- Proco had an account payable of $63,000 due to Shirmoo Incorporated, one of its suppliers. The amount was due to be paid on January 31. Proco did not have enough cash on hand then to pay the amount due, so Proco's treasurer called Shirmoo's treasurer and agreed to sign a note payable for the amount due. The note was dated February 1, had an interest rate of 9% per annum, and was payable with interest on May 31. Required: a. Use the horizontal model to show the effects (+ for addition and for subtraction) of each of these transactions and adjustments for Proco on the following: a. February 1, to show that the account payable had been changed to a note payable. b. March 31, to accrue interest expense for February and March. c. May 31, to record payment of the note and all of the interest due to Shirmoo. b. Prepare the journal entries to show each of these transactions and adjustments. Complete this question by entering your answers in the tabs below. Required A Required B Use the…arrow_forwardBev Wynn, Vice President of operations for Dillon County Bank, has instructed the banks computer programmer to use a 365-day year to compute interest on depository accounts (liabilities). Bev also instructed the programmer to use a 360-day year to contour interest on loans (assets). Is bev behaving in a professional manner?arrow_forwardJames Howard owns Howard Auto Sales. He periodically borrows money from Bay City State Bank and Trust. He permits some customers to sign short-term notes for their purchases. He usually discounts these notes at the bank. Following are selected transactions that occurred in March 20X1. DATE TRANSACTIONS 20X1 Mar. 4 Mr. Howard borrows $20,000 from the bank on a note payable for the business. Terms of the note are 8 percent interest for 45 days. 11 A 90-day $18,000 note payable to the bank is discounted at a rate of 10 percent. 22 Sold a car to Darnell Jones for $30,000 on a 75-day note receivable, bearing interest at 10 percent. 23 Discounted the Jones note with the bank. The bank charges a discount rate of 12 percent. 25 Sold a car for $30,000 to Henry Thomas. Thomas paid $4,000 cash and signed a 30-day note, bearing interest at 10 percent, for the balance. 28 Alfred Herron's account receivable is overdue. Howard requires him to sign a 12…arrow_forward
- College Accounting (Book Only): A Career ApproachAccountingISBN:9781337280570Author:Scott, Cathy J.Publisher:South-Western College PubCollege Accounting (Book Only): A Career ApproachAccountingISBN:9781305084087Author:Cathy J. ScottPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Individual Income TaxesAccountingISBN:9780357109731Author:HoffmanPublisher:CENGAGE LEARNING - CONSIGNMENT