Evolution
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781605356051
Author: Douglas Futuyma, Mark Kirkpatrick
Publisher: SINAUER
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Chapter 20, Problem 4PDT
Summary Introduction
To explain: The way in which scientists are mistaken about the importance of microevolution.
Introduction: Evolution is categorized into two types: microevolution and macroevolution. The low scale evolution that includes changing gene frequencies in a population is termed as microevolution. Macroevolution is a large scale evolution and it generally results in a whole new species from ancestors.
Summary Introduction
To explain: The way an individual can help a creationist friend to better grasp about how modern scientists consider micro- versus macroevolution.
Introduction: Evolution is categorized into two types: microevolution and macroevolution. The low scale evolution is termed as microevolution. Macroevolution is a large scale evolution and it generally results in a whole new species from ancestors.
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Students have asked these similar questions
Give a Darwinian explanation of how cheetahs evolved to become faster. Your explanation is how natural selection works using Cheetahs as an example. Be sure to include and explain the ideas of differential reproductive success and descent with modification. (You do not need to mention the formation of new species.)
You conduct an exercise in the Darwinian Snails Sim-U-Text lab. You simulate
conditions under which survival of snails is selective-that is, snails with thicker
shells are less likely to be preyed on by crabs than snails with thinner shells. The
default settings also ensure the trait is heritable, and the population has variation in
this trait. You allow mutations to occur. As you run the simulation, you observe that
the mean shell thickness of the population increases over successive snail
generations. Have you successfully simulated natural selection?
No, because no snails appeared with thicker shells than the thickest shells
observed in the initial population
O Yes, because crabs preyed on the snails
O No, because you cannot have selection with mutations operating
No, because the changes in shell thickness could have been due to genetic drift
O Yes, because there was a change in the mean shell thickness
Yes, because there were mutations
The breeder's equation, R=h°s, helps us think about ways we can limit the evolution of
antibiotic resistance, pesticide resistance, or cancer adaptations. Match the term to the relevant
description. Draw lines matching the strategies
1. Reducing population size to cause a genetic bottleneck
2. Completing only a partial course of antibiotics
3. The speed of evolutionary change in a population's trait
4. Killing mosquitoes after they laid most of their eggs but
before they can transmit malaria
6. Use drugs that do not cause increased mutation rates.
a. R
b. Avoid increasing h
c. Decreasing h²
d. Increasing S
e. Reducing S
Chapter 20 Solutions
Evolution
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