Chemistry: The Science in Context (Fifth Edition)
Chemistry: The Science in Context (Fifth Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780393614046
Author: Thomas R. Gilbert, Rein V. Kirss, Natalie Foster, Stacey Lowery Bretz, Geoffrey Davies
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
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Chapter 2, Problem 2.56QP
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The missing information corresponding to the given monoatomic ions are to be represented.

Concept introduction: The electrons, protons, and neutrons are sub atomic particles. The number of protons and electrons present in an element are equal and termed as atomic number (Z) . The relation between atomic number, atomic mass (A) and number of neutrons (N) is stated by the formula, A=N+Z

To determine: The missing information from the given table.

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 2.56QP

Solution

The missing information is stated as follows.

Explanation of Solution

Explanation

The electrons, protons, and neutrons are sub atomic particles. The number of protons and electrons present in an element are equal and termed as atomic number (Z) . The relation between atomic number, atomic mass and number of neutrons is stated by the formula,

A=N+Z

Where,

  • A is mass number.
  • N is number of neutrons.
  • Z is atomic number.

The missing information are given below in the form of (I), (II), (III) and (IV).

(I)

For 137Cs+ ,

The given symbol 137Cs+  represents that cesium has 137_ mass number (A) .

The atomic number (Z) of cesium is 55 .

Hence, number of protons is 55_ . As it consist a positive charge so the number of electrons is 551=54_ .

The number of neutrons is calculated by the formula,

A=N+ZN=AZ

Where,

  • A is the mass number.
  • Z is the atomic number.

Substitute the values of mass number (A) and atomic number (Z) in the above expression.

N=AZN=13755=82_

(II)

For given unknown element the number of protons and electrons 30 and 28 . The number of neutrons (N=34) .

The number of protons is 30 .

Therefore, Z=30 . Since, the atomic number is unique to an element; it can be identified from the periodic table.

The element that has a atomic number 30 is zinc Zn .

The number of electrons is 28 that is 2 less than the number of protons.

Therefore, the given atom has lost two electrons to form a positively charged ion, Zn2+ .

The mass number (A) is calculated by the formula,

A=N+Z

Where,

  • N is the number of neutrons.
  • Z is the atomic number.

Substitute the values of number of neutrons (N) and atomic number (Z) in above expression.

A=N+ZA=30+34=64_

Hence, the symbol is 64Zn2+_ .

(III)

For given unknown element the number of electrons 18 , mass number (A=32) and the number of neutrons is 16 .

The number of proton is 3216=16_ .

Hence, the number of proton is 16 therefore atomic number (Z) is 16 .

Since the atomic number is unique to an element; it can be identified from the periodic table.

The element that has a atomic number 16 is sulfur S .

The number of electrons is 18 that is 2 more than the number of protons.

Therefore, the given atom has gained two electrons to form a negatively charged ion, S2-_

Hence, the symbol is 32S2-_ .

(IV)

For given unknown element the number of protons 40 , mass number (A=90) and the number of electrons is 36 .

The number of proton is 40 therefore atomic number (Z) is 40 .

The number of neutrons is calculated by the formula,

A=N+ZN=AZ

Where,

  • A is the mass number.
  • Z is the atomic number.

Substitute the values of mass number (A) and atomic number (Z) in the above expression.

N=AZN=9040=50_

Since the atomic number is unique to an element; it can be identified from the periodic table.

The element that has a atomic number 40 is zirconium Zr .

The number of electrons is 36 that is 4 less from the number of protons.

Therefore atom has lost four electron to form a positively charged ion, Zn4+ .

Hence, symbol is 90Zn4+_ .

Conclusion

The given table summarized all the missing information.

Symbol 137Cs+ 64Zn2+ 32S2 90Zn4+
Number of Protons 55 30 16 40
Number of Neutrons 82 34 16 50
Number of electrons 54 28 18 36
Mass number 137 64 32 90

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Chapter 2 Solutions

Chemistry: The Science in Context (Fifth Edition)

Ch. 2.7 - Prob. 11PECh. 2 - Prob. 2.1VPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.2VPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.3VPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.4VPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.5VPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.6VPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.7VPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.8VPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.9VPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.10VPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.11QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.12QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.13QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.14QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.15QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.16QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.17QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.18QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.19QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.20QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.21QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.22QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.23QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.24QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.25QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.26QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.27QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.28QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.29QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.30QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.31QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.32QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.33QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.34QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.35QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.36QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.37QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.38QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.39QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.40QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.41QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.42QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.43QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.44QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.45QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.46QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.47QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.48QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.49QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.50QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.51QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.52QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.53QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.54QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.55QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.56QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.57QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.58QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.59QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.60QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.61QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.62QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.63QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.64QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.65QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.66QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.67QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.68QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.69QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.70QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.71QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.72QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.73QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.74QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.75QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.76QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.77QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.78QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.79QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.80QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.81QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.82QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.83QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.84QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.85QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.86QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.87QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.88QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.89QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.90QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.91QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.92QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.93QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.94QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.95QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.96QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.97QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.98QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.99QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.100QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.101QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.102QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.103QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.104QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.105QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.106QPCh. 2 - Prob. 2.107APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.108APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.109APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.110APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.111APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.112APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.113APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.114APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.115APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.116APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.117APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.118APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.119APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.120APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.121APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.122APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.123APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.124APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.125APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.126APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.127APCh. 2 - Prob. 2.128AP
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