Concept explainers
For this problem, assume that water consistsonly of the most abundant isotopes of oxygen (
(a) A standard seawater sample contains 0.1995%
(b) A polar ice core sample contains 0.1971%
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 2 Solutions
CHEMISTRY-TEXT
- (a) In the certain hydrated salt MSO3⋅4H2O, the mass percentage of H2O is 44.71%. Identify the element M in the salt? (b) A certain element has two naturally occurring isotopes. The mass of one of the isotopes is 120.904 amu and its natural abundance is 57.21%. The mass of the second isotope is 122.904 amu. Calculate the average atomic mass Write the chemical symbols of the isotopesarrow_forward(a) In the certain hydrated salt MSO34H2O, the mass percentage of H2O is 44.71%.Identify the element M in the salt?(b) A certain element has two naturally occurring isotopes.The mass of one of the isotopes is 106.905 amu and its natural abundance is 51.60%.The mass of the second isotope is 108.883 amu.Calculate the average atomic massWrite the chemical symbols of the isotopes(c) An organic compound consists of carbon, hydrogen and sulfur only.The percentage of carbon by mass in this compound was found to be 30.27%.The complete combustion of 1.367 g this compound produces 1.765 g of sulfur dioxide(SO2) (i) Determine the empirical formula for this compound.(ii) If a sample of this compound having the mass 3.781 × 103 mg contains 9.528 × 10–3 molesof the compound, determine the molecular formulaarrow_forwardBefore the use of systematic names, many compounds had common names. Give the systematic name for each of the following: (a) Blue vitriol, CuSO4*5H2O (b) Slaked lime, Ca(OH)2 (c) Oil of vitriol, H2SO4 (d) Washing soda, Na2CO3 (e) Muriatic acid, HCl (f) Epsom salt, MgSO4*7H2O (g) Chalk, CaCO3 (h) Dry ice, CO2 (i) Baking soda, NaHCO3 (j) Lye, NaOHarrow_forward
- 1. Provide the chemical formula (including brackets where appropriate) or systematic name for the following compounds. (a) gold(I) hypoiodite (b) HI(aq): (f) Ca(ClO4)2·4H2O: 2. What mass (in g) of chlorine atoms are there in a sample that consists of 5e+23 molecules of molecular chlorine? INSTRUCTIONS: Report your answer to 3 significant figures in scientific notation unless stated otherwise. DO NOT include the units in your answer.arrow_forward(a) Atoms are very small compared to objects on the macroscopic scale. The radius of a vanadium atom is 131 pm. What is this value in meters and in centimeters? cm (b) The mass of a single vanadium atom is 8.46×10-23 g. Suppose enough V atoms were lined up like beads on a string to span a distance of 44.7 cm ( 18 atoms inches). How many atoms would be required? What mass in grams of V would be used? Could you weigh out this amount of vanadium using a typical laboratory balance? (c) Taking the density of vanadium metal to be 6.08 g/cm³, calculate the mass of metal needed to form a piece of V wire with the same length as the distance in b, but with a diameter of 1.00 mm. Hint: The volume of a cylinder is T times its radius squared times its height. (V = T r² h) How many vanadium atoms does this represent? atomsarrow_forward(a) How many elements are found in period 4 in the periodic table? (b) How many elements are found in group 4A (or 14)?arrow_forward
- Calculate the number of atoms of silicon (Si) in 415 cm3of the colorless gas disilane at 0°C and atmospheric pressure, where its density is 0.00278 g cm-3 . The molecular formula of disilane is Si2H6.arrow_forwardCapsaicin, the compound that gives the lhot taste to chili peppers, has the formula C18H27NO3.(a) Calculate its molar mass.(b) If you eat 55 mg of capsaicin, what amount (moles) have you consumed?(c) Calculate the mass percent of each element in the compound.(d) What mass of carbon (in milligrams) is there in 55 mg of capsaicin?arrow_forward(a) What is the mass in amu of a carbon-12 atom? (b) Why is the atomic weight of carbon reported as 12.011 in the table of elements and the periodic table in the front inside cover of this text?arrow_forward
- An antacid tablet weighing 0.928 g contained calcium carbonate as the active ingredient, in addition to an inert binder. When an acid solution weighing 56.408 g was added to the tablet, carbon dioxide gas was released, producing a fizz. The resulting solution weighed 57.134 g. How many grams of carbon dioxide were produced? Calculate (to the nearest 0.1 u) the formula mass of these compounds. (a) rubidium nitrate, RbNO3 u(b) carbon tetrachloride, CCl4 u(c) boron trifluoride, BF3arrow_forward(a) What is the formula of carbon disulfi de? (b) What is the name of PCl5? (c) Give the name and formula of the compound whose molecules each consist of two N atoms and four O atoms.arrow_forwardMany important fertilizers are ionic compounds thatcontain the elements nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium because these are frequently the limiting plantgrowth nutrients in soil.(a) Write the chemical formulas for the following chemical fertilizers: ammonium phosphate, potassiumnitrate, ammonium sulfate.(b) Calculate the mass percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium for each of the compounds inpart (a).arrow_forward
- Chemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage LearningIntroduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning