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Interpretation:
The names, three-letter abbreviations and one-letter abbreviations for the given structure of amino acids are needed to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Amino acids are organic compounds containing amino as well as a carboxylic group. The general molecular formula of an amino acid is as follows:
Here, R refers to different groups for different amino acids. If there is more than one amino group present in amino acid, it is considered as basic amino acid and if there is more than one carboxylic group present, then it is considered as an acidic amino acid.
Answer to Problem 1P
A: Proline, the three-letter abbreviation is Pro and a one-letter abbreviation is P.
B: Tyrosine, the three-letter abbreviation is Tyr and a one-letter abbreviation is Y.
C: Leucine, the three-letter abbreviation is Leu and a one-letter abbreviation is L.
D: Lysine, the three-letter abbreviation is Lys and a one-letter abbreviation is K.
Explanation of Solution
The given structure of amino acids (A-D) are:
The amino acid in structure A is proline. It is one of the a-amino acids that is used by living organisms as the building blocks of the proteins. Its three-letter abbreviation is Pro, and one letter abbreviation is P.
Structure B represents a non-essential amino acid, tyrosine. In animals, it is synthesized from phenylalanine. It is also the precursor of epinephrine, thyroid hormones and melanin. Its three-letter abbreviation is Tyr, and one letter abbreviation is Y.
The structure C represents the amino acid Leucine which is obtained from the hydrolysis of most common proteins. It was discovered in 1819in muscle fiber and wool. Its three-letter abbreviation is Leu and the one-letter abbreviation is L.
The structure D represents the amino acid Lysine which is an essential amino acid for the nutrition of humans. Its three-letter abbreviation is Lys, and one letter abbreviation is K.
A: Proline, the three-letter abbreviation is Pro and a one-letter abbreviation is P.
B: Tyrosine, the three-letter abbreviation is Tyr and a one-letter abbreviation is Y.
C: Leucine, the three-letter abbreviation is Leu and a one-letter abbreviation is L.
D: Lysine, the three-letter abbreviation is Lys and a one-letter abbreviation is K.
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Chapter 2 Solutions
Biochemistry
- a. Use three-letter amino acid abbreviations to write the representation for the tripeptide shown here. i H₂N-CH-C-N-CH-C-N-CH-C-0- CH₂ H -NH H ī CH₂ SH -CH-C-0- CH-OH CH3 b. Give the full name of the amino acid at the C-terminal end of this tripeptide. H₂N-CH-C-N-CH-C-N-CH-C-O- -CH-C-N-CH-C CH₂ c-o- CH₂ OHarrow_forwardHistidine: draw the amino acid side chain and give the single and three letter abbreviation.arrow_forwarda. Suppose that you have the peptide Ala-Gly-Tyr-His-Leu and you treat it with FDNB and then 6M HCl. Draw the structures of all the products that you will have in solution (assume all reactions to go to completion).arrow_forward
- Cysteine and Aspartate: draw the amino acid side chain and give the single and three letter abbreviation.arrow_forwardE. Histidine is an amino acid with three titratable groups: an -NH," group (pK, = 9.2), a -COOH group (pK, = 1.8), and an imidazole (amine- like) group (pK, = 6.0). The titration curve for histidine is shown below with four points highlighted. (a) Identify which point on the titration curve corresponds to the pK, for each of the titratable groups, and which point corresponds to the pl. Explain your choices. (b) Calculate the value of pl for histidine. 14 12 10 6. 4 2- 2 3 Moles "OH added per mole histidine наarrow_forwardPro-Ser-Ala-Phe-Glu. Draw this peptide at pH 7 and include its stereochemistry.arrow_forward
- A. Write the structure of the following peptide at pH 5.0 and calculate its net charge at this pH. Asp-His-Tyr-Arg-Lys-Leu-Thr-Gln. Based on the pKa value of the ionizable groups. B. A polypeptide consisting only of L-glutamate residues (poly-L-glutamate) may have a random coil or helical structure depending on pH. Explain this behavior by indicating at what pH values the helical structure will be favored.arrow_forwardPRACTICE NAMING. Identify the number of amino acids, number of peptide bonds, and name the peptide. i.e. Ala-Cys • Dipeptide • 1 peptide bond • Alanylcysteine Cys-tyr-phe-gln-asn-cys-pro-arg-glyarrow_forwarda. what general category would you place this molecule in of the four categories of biomolecules? b. List 5 functional groups you see in this molecule?arrow_forward
- identify the amino acid described. state the name, one-letter abbreviation, and draw the structure at pH 12.0 a non-polar essential amino acid capable of donating 1 carbon moiety in metabolismarrow_forwardN. HN H3N Where on this amino acid does it attach to a primary sequence of a protein and where is the ionizable position of the R group?arrow_forwarda. Suppose that the R group of a histidine residue in a protein in its native tertiary structure is buried in the interior of the protein and is involved in a salt bridge (ionic interaction) with an oppositely charged residue. Unfolding the protein exposes both of the charged groups to water. Would you expect the pKa of the His R group (side chain) in the native protein to be a) higher or b) lower than the pKa of the same residue in the unfolded protein? Why? b. Is the exocyclic NH2 in cytosine acidic or basic? Why? NH, `N'arrow_forward
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