Biology: Life on Earth
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780321729712
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: Benjamin Cummings
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Chapter 2, Problem 1AC
Detergents and soaps help clean by dispersing fats and oils in water so that they can be rinsed away. From your knowledge of the structure of water and the hydrophobic nature of fats, what general chemical structures (for example, polar or nonpolar parts) must a soap or detergent have, and why?
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Chapter 2 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth
Ch. 2 - Fill-in-the-Blank An atom consists of an atomic...Ch. 2 - Fill-in-the-Blank An atom that has lost or gained...Ch. 2 - Fill-in-the-Blank Atoms of the same element that...Ch. 2 - An atom with an outermost electron shell that is...Ch. 2 - Water is described as _____ because each water...Ch. 2 - Based on Table 2–1 how many neutrons are there in...Ch. 2 - Distinguish between atoms and molecules; between...Ch. 2 - Define isotopes and describe the properties of...Ch. 2 - 3. Compare and contrast covalent bonds and ionic...Ch. 2 - 4. Explain how polar covalent bonds allow hydrogen...
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- What kinds of bonds often control the shape (or tertiary form) of large molecules such as proteins? a. hydrogen b. ionic c. covalent d. inert e. singlearrow_forwardWhat property must a substance possess for it to be classified as a lipid?arrow_forwardFor each of the following false statements, change the statement to make it true and explain your reasoning.(a) Because membranes have a hydrophobic interior, polar and charged molecules cannot pass through membranes.arrow_forward
- If a protein were placed in a nonpolar solvent, would it have the same structure as thesame protein placed in water? Justify your answer using chemical detail.arrow_forwardThe following is an example of a type of lipid. Answer the following questions based on its structure: OH a. What type of lipid is this categorized as: CH3 b. What two functional groups can be found in this structure? HO Estradiol (estrogen)arrow_forwardLipids are defined by property rather than structure. What is the “defining property”?arrow_forward
- The “octet rule” in chemistry helps predict the types of bonds thatatoms will form. In general, an atom will be most stable if it fills itsouter shell of 8 electrons. Atoms with fewer than 4 valence electronstend to donate electrons and those with more than 4 valence electronstend to accept additional electrons; those with exactly 4 can do both.Using this rule, determine what category each of the followingelements falls into: N, S, C, P, O, H, Ca, Fe, and Mg. (You will needto work out the valence of the atoms.)arrow_forwardIn dehydration reaction between phosphate (derived from phosphoric acid) and glycerol (a sugar alcohol) accompanied with the removal of a water molecule, what chemical bond holds them together in a phospholipid molecule? Ether Bond Thioester Bond Acid Anhydride/phosphoanhydride bond Ester Bondarrow_forwardThe PH formula is given as PH=-log(H+). The H+ is the number of free ions of hydrogen. A seven PH is considered neutral. Discuss what having a low PH and a high PH means. What does a 12 PH mean? How about a 2? Which is more caustic? Is either a good thing at extremely high or low values? Explain fully as to what a PH means to you and what you use it for.arrow_forward
- A polypeptide has: many peptide bonds O 4 peptide bonds O 2 peptide bonds O 3 peptide bonds O 1 peptide bondarrow_forward70 degree Celcious is the melting point of stearic acid, and 4 degree Celcius is the melting point of oleic acid. Explain using the concept of lipids why their melting point is so different.arrow_forwardAll of the following are the properties of lipid except: Select one: a. It is hydrophobic b. It can be dissolved in organic solvent c. All are solid forms at room temperature d. It is non-polararrow_forward
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