Chapter 19, Problem 6P

(a)

Summary Introduction

To predict: The effect of low and high concentration of uncoupling agent on the rate of transfer of electron and P/O (phosphate/oxygen) ratio.

Introduction:

In actively respiring mitochondria, rate of transfer of electron is coupled to production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate). In case, if demand of ATP by the cell is low, then the rate of transfer of electron is also low. In case, if the demand of ATP is high, then the rate of transfer of electron is also high.

(b)

Summary Introduction

To explain: The reason behind profuse sweating after ingestion of uncoupling agents and changes in P/O ratio in presence of uncoupling agents.

Introduction:

Uncoupling agents uncouple electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation. These compounds dissipate the proton gradient and hence normal amount of ATP is not generated. Body has to search for other methods to generate ATP.

(c)

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way through which $\text{2,4-dinitrophenol}$ acts in weight reducing aid, and the way through which death might be caused by ingestion of uncoupling agents.

Introduction:

In previous time, $\text{2,4-dinitrophenol}$ and other uncoupling agents were used to lose weight as ingestion of these chemical compounds causes profuse sweating. This was somehow related to weight loss.