Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134711751
Author: Eric J. Simon, Jean L. Dickey, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 19, Problem 2SQ
Summary Introduction
To determine: The survivorship curve in following conditions – large number offspring with minimal parental care and few number of offspring with long-standing care.
Concept introduction: Survivorship curve is the graphical representation showing that the number of individual in a particular population of a species surviving at each age of the utmost life span.
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True or False?
a) In Lotka-Volterra competition models, coexistence CANNOT occur if interspecific competition is stronger than intraspecific competition.
b)There are three types of survivorship curves that describe mortality rates at different age classes. A type I survivorship curve describes a population with low juvenile mortality, while a type III survivorship curve describes a population with high juvenile mortality.
For each organism, create a survivorship curve by plotting the given information in a line graph. Title each graph "Survivorship Curve for [name of organism]." The y-axis should be labeled "Survivorship" and contain low, medium, and high indicators. The x-axis should be labeled "Life Span" and contain young, middle-aged, and old indicators.
American toads practice explosive reproduction. During the first warm days in spring, both males and females migrate from forests and converge on ponds. Reproduction is quick, taking only a few days. Females lay hundreds of eggs in jelly-filled sacks along the sides of the pond or stream. As soon as the eggs are laid, males and females abruptly leave the pond. Even before they hatch, the offspring are prone to high rates of predation. Many offspring die before they reach adulthood. Of the offspring that do survive, some will die in adulthood, and some will live their entire natural life span.
In this figure, which survivorship curve best describes a species likely to exhibit high juvenile mortality and weak parental care?
Three general types of survivorship curves
Туре !
1000
100
Турe II
10
1
Type III
Old
0.1
Young
Age
O Type II
O Type III
O Type I
Number of survivors (Nx)
Chapter 19 Solutions
Campbell Essential Biology with Physiology (6th Edition)
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- A coyote population in Colorado has 40 individuals, the potential reproductive rate per individual per year is 1.5, and the carrying capacity of the area is 50 coyotes. In the same habitat, the bobcat population has 30 individuals, the potential reproductive rate per individual per year is 2, and the carrying capacity of the area is 100 bobcats. The bobcats depress population growth of coyotes through competition by 0.20, while the coyotes depress population growth of bobcats through competition by 1.1. What will the population size be for coyotes next year? *Note that this is the other half of the bobcat question, and you need to round your answer to a whole animal. 40 5 45 16 55arrow_forwardTo create a survivorship curve for the Andean condor: Graph Title: Survivorship Curve for Andean Condor Y-axis: Labeled "Survivorship" with indicators for "Low," "Medium," and "High" levels, ranging from 0 to 100% of the total initial cohort size. X-axis: Labeled "Life Span" with stages "Young" (0-5 years), "Middle-aged" (6-37 years), and "Old" (38-75 years). Key Features of the Curve: Begins high, reflecting near-total survival from birth to maturity due to low mortality and protected upbringing. remains flat and high through the middle age, indicating sustained low mortality. shows a steep decline in old age, representing increased mortality as individuals reach the latter part of their lifespan.arrow_forwardWhat is predation? explain and provide example.arrow_forward
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- Which of the following would have the largest capture efficiency in the Lotka-Volterra model of predator-victim interactions? A caterpillar eating a plant A bat eating mosquitoes A small tarantula wasp eating a much larger tarantula A killer whale eating a seal Which of the following is NOT an assumption of the Lotka-Volterra model of predator-victim interactions? Prey have limited resource availability No age, stage or size structure in the population Continuous population growth (no pulses or lags) Victims and predators encounter each other at random Predator is a complete specialist O Oarrow_forwardA population of 1,492 finches is introduced to a rainforest. Over the next year, the finches show a death rate of 0.395 while the population drops to 1,134. What's the birth rate for this population? Is this proving to be a suitable habitat? (Two answers) * Yes, this is a suitable habitat. The birth rate is higher than the death rate. No, this is not a suitable habitat. The birth rate is much lower then the death rate. 589 -358 0.155 0.845 Which of the following is true of a population approaching its carrying capacity? The population's rate of increase approaches zero. ロロロ□arrow_forwardA survivorship curve for a K-selected species would show a stable population and then a drop at a relatively old age versus a survivorship curve for an r-selected species. True Falsearrow_forward
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