Corporate Finance (4th Edition) (Pearson Series in Finance) - Standalone book
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780134083278
Author: Jonathan Berk, Peter DeMarzo
Publisher: PEARSON
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Question
Chapter 18.8, Problem 2CC
Summary Introduction
To discuss: Whether the WACC method can be applied for the firm’s debt–equity ratio over times.
Introduction:
The debt–equity ratio indicates how much debt a company is using to finance its assets relative to the value of shareholders equity. This ratio is calculated by dividing company’s total liabilities by its shareholders equity; it is used to measure company’s financial leverage.
Weighted Average Cost of Capital: (WACC) is the rate that a company is expected to pay, on an average, to all the security holders in order to finance its assets.
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Chapter 18 Solutions
Corporate Finance (4th Edition) (Pearson Series in Finance) - Standalone book
Ch. 18.1 - What are the three methods we can use to include...Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 18.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 18.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 18.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 18.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 18.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 18.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 18.5 - How do we estimate a projects unlevered cost of...Ch. 18.5 - What is the incremental debt associated with a...
Ch. 18.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 18.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 18.7 - How do we deal with issuance costs and security...Ch. 18.7 - Prob. 2CCCh. 18.8 - When a firm has pre-determined tax shields, how do...Ch. 18.8 - Prob. 2CCCh. 18 - Prob. 1PCh. 18 - Prob. 2PCh. 18 - In 2015, Intel Corporation had a market...Ch. 18 - Prob. 4PCh. 18 - Suppose Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company is...Ch. 18 - Suppose Alcatel-Lucent has an equity cost of...Ch. 18 - Acort Industries has 10 million shares outstanding...Ch. 18 - Prob. 8PCh. 18 - Prob. 9PCh. 18 - Consider Alcatel-Lucents project in Problem 6. a....Ch. 18 - Consider Alcatel-Lucents project in Problem 6. a....Ch. 18 - In year 1, AMC will earn 2000 before interest and...Ch. 18 - Prokter and Gramble (PKGR) has historically...Ch. 18 - Amarindo, Inc. (AMR), is a newly public firm with...Ch. 18 - Remex (RMX) currently has no debt in its capital...Ch. 18 - You are evaluating a project that requires an...Ch. 18 - Prob. 17PCh. 18 - You are on your way to an important budget...Ch. 18 - Your firm is considering building a 600 million...Ch. 18 - Prob. 20PCh. 18 - DFS Corporation is currently an all-equity firm,...Ch. 18 - Prob. 22PCh. 18 - Prob. 23PCh. 18 - Prob. 24PCh. 18 - XL Sports is expected to generate free cash flows...Ch. 18 - Propel Corporation plans to make a 50 million...Ch. 18 - Gartner Systems has no debt and an equity cost of...Ch. 18 - Revtek, Inc., has an equity cost of capital of 12%...
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- How would each of the following scenarios affect a firm's cost of debt, ra(1-T); its cost of equity, s; and its WACC? Indicate with a plus (+), a minus (-), or a zero (0) whether the factor would raise, lower, or have an indeterminate effect on the item in question. Assume for each answer that other things are held constant, even though in some instances this would probably not be true. Be prepared to justify your answer but recognize that several of the parts have no single correct answer. These questions are designed to stimulate thought and discussion. Probable Effect on ra(1-T) WACC rs a. The corporate tax rate is lowered. b. The Federal Reserve tightens credit. c. The firm uses me debt; that is, it increases its debt ratio. The dividend payout ratio is increased The firm doubles the amount of capital it raises during the year. е. The firm expands into a risky new area. f. The firm merges with another firm whose earnings g. are countercyclical both to those of the first firm and to…arrow_forwardAccording to Modigliani & Miller M Proposition II (MM Il), as a firm's debt-equity ratio decreases, what happens to the required rate of return on equity? Briefly explain including the key aspect of MM II.arrow_forwardIs the debt level that maximizes a firm's expected EPS the same as the one that maximizes its stock price? Explain. Explain how a firm might shift its capital structure so as to change its weighted average cost of capital (WACC). What would be the impact on the value of the firm?arrow_forward
- Is there an easily identifiable debt-equity ratio that will maximize the value of a firm? Why or why not? You need to support your answers with examples.arrow_forwardWhy does the WACC decrease as a firm begins to take on debt and then increase after a certain point?arrow_forwardGiven that a firm is well within its current ratio and debt ratio covenants and that interest rates are expected to decrease, would the firm prefer to use short or long-term financing for its external needs and why?arrow_forward
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- How would each of the following scenarios affect a firm’s cost of debt, kd(1 – T); its cost of equity ke and its WACC? Indicate with a plus sign (+), a minus (-) or a zero if the factor would raise, would lower or would have indeterminate effect on the item in question. Assume for each answer that other things are held constant even though in some instances this would probably not be true. Be prepared to justify your answer but recognize that several of the parts have no single correct answer.arrow_forwardBased on these calculations, which company appears to be more risky and which company appears to be more profitable? How can you tell? (Keep in mind that the current ratio and debt to equity ratio are "risk ratios" and the gross profit ratio and return on equity ratio are "profitability ratios").arrow_forwardIn the context of the adjusted present value (APV) model of firm valuation, one major assumption is that firms will have a fixed debt to equity ratio in the future.arrow_forward
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