Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780321962751
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 18.3, Problem 1CC
The best estimate is that the human genome contains fewer than 21,000 genes. However, there is evidence that human cells produce many more than 21,000 different polypeptides. What processes might account for this discrepancy?
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When the human genome sequence was finally completed, scientists were surprised to discover that the genome contains far fewer genes than expected. How many genes are present in the human genome? Scientists have also found that there are many more different kinds of proteins in the human cells that there are different genes in the genome. How can this be explained?
People who carry a theoretical genetic disorder (called B-disease) can be identified from a 2kb DNA sequence.People who carry this genetic disorder have a single nucleotide polymorphism that results in a change of GTATCC to GGATCC, a site that only occurs once at nucleotide number 750 in this DNA sequence. Answer the following questions based on the information provided.
(a) How can you develop a simple molecular test to identify the genetic disorder?
(b) If you have carried out the molecular test (based on the information above) on a 100 individual and found that 24 were healthy (BB) and 26 were carriers (bb);
1) What is the ratio of heterozygous?
2) Show how can you identify the three types from the agarose gel
People who carry a theoretical genetic disorder (called B-disease) can be identified from a 2kb DNA sequence. People who carry this genetic disorder have a single nucleotide polymorphism that results in a change of GTATTC to GGATTC, a site that only occurs once at nucleotide number 750 in this DNA sequence. Answer the following questions based on the information provided.
(a) How can you develop a simple molecular test to identify the genetic disorder?
(b) If you have carried out the molecular test (based on the information above) on a 100 individuals and found that 24 were healthy (BB) and 26 were carriers (bb); 1) What is the ratio of heterozygous? 2) Show how can you identify the three types from the agarose gel.
Chapter 18 Solutions
Campbell Biology in Focus (2nd Edition)
Ch. 18.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 18.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 18.2 - Explain the advantage of the systems biology...Ch. 18.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 18.3 - The best estimate is that the human genome...Ch. 18.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 18.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 18.4 - Discuss the characteristics of mammalian genomes...Ch. 18.4 - Which of the three mechanisms described in Figures...Ch. 18.4 - Prob. 3CC
Ch. 18.5 - Describe three examples of errors in cellular...Ch. 18.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 18.5 - Prob. 3CCCh. 18.6 - Would you expect the genome of the macaque (a...Ch. 18.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 18 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 18 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 18 - Two eukaryotic proteins have one domain in common...Ch. 18 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY The scientists mapping human...Ch. 18 - FOCUS ON EVOLUTION Genes important in the...Ch. 18 - FOCUS ON INFORMATION The continuity of life is...Ch. 18 - SYNTHESIZE YOUR KNOWLEDGE Insects have three...
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- People who carry a theoretical genetic disorder (called B-disease) can be identified from a 2kb DNA sequence. People who carry this genetic disorder have a single nucleotide polymorphism that results in a change of GTATTC to GGATTC, a site that only occurs once at nucleotide number 750 in this DNA sequence. Answer the following questions based on the information provided. a) How can you develop a simple molecular test to identify the genetic disorder?arrow_forwardE. How many nucleotides would be required to generate a polypeptide that is 15 amino acids long? This requires knowing how many nucleotides of DNA code for one amino acid. F. Assuming that there are between 20,000-25,000 genes in the human genome, do you think there are 1) fewer, 2) approximately the same number, or 3) more proteins in the human genome? Explain your answer.arrow_forwardIn a study showing that approximately 10% of protein-coding genes are essential for Cell survival .This translates into which of the following number of essential genes in the human genome .a)100 b) 500 c)1000 d)2000arrow_forward
- People who carry a theoretical genetic disorder (called B-disease) can be identified from a 2kb DNA sequence. People who carry this genetic disorder have a single nucleotide polymorphism that results in a change of GTATCC to GGATCC, a site that only occurs once at nucleotide number 750 in this DNA sequence. Answer the following questions based on the information provided. (a) How can you develop a simple molecular test to identify the genetic disorder?r B-dif w. (41 (b) If you have carried out the molecular test (based on the information above) on a 100 individual and found that 24 were healthy (BB) and 26 were carriers (bb); 1) What is the ratio of heterozygous? 2) Show how can you identify the three types from the agarose gel (H focaiarrow_forwardWhat percentage of the DNA in the genome actually corresponds to genes? How much is actually protein-coding exons? What makes up the rest?arrow_forwardThe best estimate is that the human genome containsfewer than 21,000 genes. However, there is evidencethat human cells produce many more than 21,000 different polypeptides. What processes might account for thisdiscrepancy?arrow_forward
- The genome of Drosophila melanogaster, a fruit fly, was sequenced in 2000. However, this “completed” sequence did not include most heterochromatin regions. The heterochromatin was not sequenced until 2007 (R. A. Hoskins et al. 2007. Science 316:1625–1628). Most completed genome sequences do not include heterochromatin. Why is heterochromatin usually not sequenced in genome-sequencing projects?arrow_forwardPeople who carry a theoretical genetic disorder (called B-disease) can be identified from a 2kb DNA sequence. People who carry this genetic disorder have a single nucleotide polymorphism that results in a change of GTATCC to GGATCC, a site that only occurs once at nucleotide number 750 in this DNA sequence. Answer the following questions based on the information provided: (a) How can you develop a simple molecular test to identify the genetic disorder (based on the information above) ? (b) If you have carried out the molecular test (based on the information above) on a 100 individual and found that 24 were healthy (BB) and 26 were carriers (bb); 1) What is the ratio of heterozygous? 2) Show how can you identify the three types from the agarose gel ? *note: the carrier means : (bb), I mean the diseased individuals who are carriers of the bb genotype.arrow_forwardA diploid (ie, contains TWO sets of chromosomes) organisms with a 45,000-kb haploid (counts only one set of its chromosomes) genome contains 21% G residues. Calculate the number of A, C, G< and T residues in the DNA of each cell in this organism. Can you help explain why this is the answer, thank you! Answer: Since the haploid genome contains 21% G, it must contain 21% C (Because G=C) and 58% A + T, or 29% A and 29% T. Each cell is a diploid, containing 90,000 kb or 9x10^7 bases. Therefore, A=T = (0.29)(9x10^7) = 2.61 x 10^7 bases and G=C=(0.21)(9x10^7) = 1.89x10^7 bases.arrow_forward
- Antibiotics such as chloramphenicol, tetracycline, and erythromycin inhibit protein synthesis in bacteria, but have no effect on the synthesis of proteins encoded by eukaryotic nuclear genes. Cycloheximide inhibits the synthesis of proteins encoded by nuclear genes, but has no effect on bacterial protein synthesis. How might these compounds be used to determine which proteins are encoded by mitochondrial and chloroplast genomes?arrow_forwardAll the cells of one organism share the same genome. However, during development, some cells develop into skin cells while others develop into muscle cells. Briefly explain how the same genetic instructions can result in two different cell types in the same organism.arrow_forwardThe accompanying photo shows a sequencing gel from the original study that first sequenced the cystic fibrosis gene (J. R. Riordan et al. 1989. Science 245:1066–1073). From the photo, determine the sequence of the normal copy of the gene and the sequence of the mutated copy of the gene. Identify the location of the mutation that causes cystic fibrosis. (Hint: The CF mutation is a 3-bp deletion.)arrow_forward
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