Chapter 18, Problem 98SCQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The value of ${\text{Δ}}_{\text{r}}{\text{H}}^{\text{°}}$, ${\text{Δ}}_{\text{r}}{\text{S}}^{\text{°}}$ and ${\text{Δ}}_{\text{r}}{\text{G}}^{\text{o}}$ for the formation of diamond at given temperature at given temperature.

Concept introduction:

The Gibbs free energy or the free energy change is a thermodynamic quantity represented by ${\text{Δ}}_{\text{r}}{\text{G}}^{\text{o}}$. It is related to entropy and entropy by the following expression,

    ${\text{Δ}}_{\text{r}}{\text{G}}^{\text{o}}{\text{=Δ}}_{\text{r}}{\text{H}}^{\text{o}}{\text{-TΔ}}_{\text{r}}{\text{S}}^{\text{o}}$

Here, ${\text{Δ}}_{\text{r}}{\text{H}}^{\text{°}}$ is the change in enthalpy and ${\text{Δ}}_{\text{r}}{\text{S}}^{\text{°}}$ is the change in entropy.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The contradiction in production of diamond from graphite with the calculations should be rationalized.

Concept introduction:

The Gibbs free energy or the free energy change is a thermodynamic quantity represented by ${\text{Δ}}_{\text{r}}{\text{G}}^{\text{o}}$. It is related to entropy and entropy by the following expression,

    ${\text{Δ}}_{\text{r}}{\text{G}}^{\text{o}}{\text{=Δ}}_{\text{r}}{\text{H}}^{\text{o}}{\text{-TΔ}}_{\text{r}}{\text{S}}^{\text{o}}$

Here, ${\text{Δ}}_{\text{r}}{\text{H}}^{\text{°}}$ is the change in enthalpy and ${\text{Δ}}_{\text{r}}{\text{S}}^{\text{°}}$ is the change in entropy.