Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780131495081
Author: Douglas C. Giancoli
Publisher: Addison-Wesley
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Textbook Question
Chapter 18, Problem 5P
(I) What speed would a 1.0-g paper clip have if it had the same kinetic energy as a molecule at 15°C?
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(I) A gas is at 20°C. To what temperature must it be raisedto triple the rms speed of its molecules?
(II) Show that the rms speed of molecules in a gas is given
by vrms = V3P/p, where P is the pressure in the gas and
pis the gas density.
i)
Evaluate rms speed, the average kinetic energy of a molecule and total random kinetic
energy of all the molecules in 6 moles of air gas at a temperature of 700 K.
(Molar mass of air is 28.97 x 10 ³ mole/kg, and kB = 1.38 x 10 23 J/K)
Chapter 18 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
Ch. 18.1 - In a mixture of the gases oxygen and helium, which...Ch. 18.1 - Now you can return to the Chapter-Opening...Ch. 18.1 - If you double the volume of a gas while keeping...Ch. 18.1 - By what factor must the absolute temperature...Ch. 18.4 - As the air warms up in the afternoon, how would...Ch. 18 - Why doesnt the size of different molecules enter...Ch. 18 - When a gas is rapidly compressed (say, by pushing...Ch. 18 - In Section 181 we assumed the gas molecules made...Ch. 18 - Explain in words how Charless law follows from...Ch. 18 - Prob. 5Q
Ch. 18 - As you go higher in the Earths atmosphere, the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 7QCh. 18 - Is temperature a macroscopic or microscopic...Ch. 18 - Explain why the peak of the curve for 310 K in...Ch. 18 - Escape velocity for the Earth refers to the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 11QCh. 18 - If the pressure in a gas is doubled while its...Ch. 18 - What everyday observation would tell you that not...Ch. 18 - Prob. 14QCh. 18 - Alcohol evaporates more quickly than water at room...Ch. 18 - Explain why a hot humid day is far more...Ch. 18 - Is it possible to boil water at room temperature...Ch. 18 - What exactly does it mean when we say that oxygen...Ch. 18 - A length of thin wire is placed over a block of...Ch. 18 - Consider two days when the air temperature is the...Ch. 18 - (a) Why does food cook faster in a pressure...Ch. 18 - How do a gas and a vapor differ?Ch. 18 - (a) At suitable temperatures and pressures, can...Ch. 18 - Why does dry ice not last long at room...Ch. 18 - Under what conditions can liquid CO2 exist? Be...Ch. 18 - Why does exhaled air appear as a little white...Ch. 18 - Prob. 27QCh. 18 - Prob. 1PCh. 18 - Prob. 2PCh. 18 - (I) By what factor will the rms speed of gas...Ch. 18 - (I) A gas is at 20C. To what temperature must it...Ch. 18 - (I) What speed would a 1.0-g paper clip have if it...Ch. 18 - (I) A 1.0-mol sample of hydrogen gas has a...Ch. 18 - (I) Twelve molecules have the following speeds,...Ch. 18 - (II) The rms speed of molecules in a gas at 20.0C...Ch. 18 - (II) If the pressure in a gas is tripled while its...Ch. 18 - Prob. 10PCh. 18 - (II) Show that for a mixture of two gases at the...Ch. 18 - (II) What is the rms speed of nitrogen molecules...Ch. 18 - (II) (a) For an ideal gas at temperature T show...Ch. 18 - Prob. 14PCh. 18 - Prob. 15PCh. 18 - Prob. 16PCh. 18 - Prob. 17PCh. 18 - Prob. 18PCh. 18 - Prob. 19PCh. 18 - (I) A group of 25 particles have the following...Ch. 18 - Prob. 21PCh. 18 - (I) CO2 exists in what phase when the pressure is...Ch. 18 - (I) (a) At atmospheric pressure, in what phases...Ch. 18 - Prob. 25PCh. 18 - Prob. 26PCh. 18 - Prob. 27PCh. 18 - Prob. 28PCh. 18 - Prob. 29PCh. 18 - Prob. 30PCh. 18 - (II) If the air pressure at a particular place in...Ch. 18 - (II) What is the mass of water in a closed room...Ch. 18 - Prob. 33PCh. 18 - Prob. 34PCh. 18 - (II) A pressure cooker is a sealed pot designed to...Ch. 18 - (II) When using a mercury barometer (Section 136),...Ch. 18 - (II) If the humidity is 45% at 30.0C, what is the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 38PCh. 18 - Prob. 40PCh. 18 - (II) For oxygen gas, the van der Waals equation of...Ch. 18 - Prob. 44PCh. 18 - (II) At about what pressure would the mean free...Ch. 18 - Prob. 46PCh. 18 - (II) A very small amount of hydrogen gas is...Ch. 18 - Prob. 48PCh. 18 - Prob. 49PCh. 18 - Prob. 50PCh. 18 - Prob. 51PCh. 18 - Prob. 53PCh. 18 - Prob. 54PCh. 18 - Prob. 55PCh. 18 - A sample of ideal gas must contain at least N =...Ch. 18 - In outer space the density of matter is about one...Ch. 18 - Calculate approximately the total translational...Ch. 18 - (a) Estimate the rms speed of an amino acid, whose...Ch. 18 - The escape speed from the Earth is 1.12 104 m/s,...Ch. 18 - Prob. 61GPCh. 18 - Prob. 62GPCh. 18 - Consider a container of oxygen gas at a...Ch. 18 - In humid climates, people constantly dehumidify...Ch. 18 - Prob. 65GPCh. 18 - Prob. 66GPCh. 18 - Prob. 67GPCh. 18 - At room temperature, it takes approximately 2.45 ...Ch. 18 - Calculate the total water vapor pressure in the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 70GPCh. 18 - The density of atoms, mostly hydrogen, in...Ch. 18 - Prob. 72GPCh. 18 - A sauna has 8.5 m3 of air volume, and the...Ch. 18 - Prob. 74GPCh. 18 - Prob. 75GP
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- (II) The rms speed of molecules in a gas at 20.0°C is to beincreased by 4.0%. To what temperature must it be raised?arrow_forward(I) How many atoms are there in a 3.4-g copper coin?arrow_forward(II) The lowest pressure attainable using the best availablevacuum techniques is about 10-12 N/m2 At such a pressure,how many molecules are there per cm3 at 0°C?arrow_forward
- (a) An ideal gas occupies a volume of 2.6 cm at 20°C and atmospheric pressure. Determine the number of molecules of gas in the container. molecules (b) If the pressure of the 2.6-cm volume is reduced to 1.8 x 10-11 Pa (an extremely good vacuum) while the temperature remains constant, how many moles of gas remain in the container? molarrow_forwardi) In a cylinder 4 moles of Helium gas (M= 4.02 x 103 kg/mole) is at 30 °C temperature. Calculate for the gas: (R=8.31 J/kg-mole K and KB =1.38 x 10-3 J/K) (a) the average kinetic energy of a molecule, (b) the total random kinetic energy of all the molecules, and (c) the rms speed of a moleculearrow_forward(a) How many atoms of helium gas fill a spherical balloon of diameter 30.8 cm at 18.0°C and 1.00 atm? atoms (b) What is the average kinetic energy of the helium atoms? ] (c) What is the rms speed of the helium atoms? km/sarrow_forward
- (II) Is a gas mostly empty space? Check by assuming that the spatial extent of the gas molecules in air is about lo = 0.3 nm so one gas molecule occupies an approximate volume equal to l . Assume STP.arrow_forward(III) Calculate (a) the rms speed of an oxygen molecule at0°C and (b) determine how many times per second it wouldmove back and forth across a 5.0-m-long room on average,assuming it made no collisions with other molecules.arrow_forward(I) Calculate the number of molecules /m3 in an ideal gas at STParrow_forward
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