The Cosmic Perspective (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780134874364
Author: Jeffrey O. Bennett, Megan O. Donahue, Nicholas Schneider, Mark Voit
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Question
Chapter 18, Problem 53EAP
a)
To determine
The sum of the masses of the twostars in the binary system
b)
To determine
The mass of unseen companion.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
You've just discovered a new X-ray binary, which we will call Hyp-X1 ("Hyp" for hypothetical). The system Hyp-X1 contains a bright, B2 main-sequence star orbiting an unseen companion. The separation of the stars is estimated to be 21 milion kilometers, and the orbital period of the visible star is 3 days.
(a) Use Newton's version of Kepler's third law to calculate the sum of the masses of the two stars in the system. (Hinr. See Mathematical Insight Measuring Stellar Masses in the textbook) Give your answer in both kilograms and solar masses MS-2.0 x 10^30 kg) Express your answer in kilograms to two significant figures.
(b) Express your answer as a multiple of Sun's mass to two significant figures.
(c) Determine the mass of the unseen companion.(Hint A main-sequence star with spectral type B2 has a mass of about 10 MSun) Express your answer as a multiple of Sun's mass to two significant figures.
A (relatively) nearby K-type star known as Nu? Canis Majoris has an estimated orbital radius of
2.3344 x 10° km, and an estimated orbital period of 736.9 days.
a. What is the mass of Nu? Canis Majoris?
b. What is the mass of Nu² Canis Majoris in terms of solar masses?
a double line
The velocity curve for
spectroscopic binary is shown in the sketch.
The system is viewed edge-on, i.e., with an
inclination angle of i = 90°, so that the
maximum possible Doppler shifts for this
system are observed.
400
U, Aini
300
200
oo - v Ain i
100
-100
-200
-300
400
o 1 2 3 +s 7 8
10
Time (daye)
Find the orbital period of this binary in days.
Doppler Velocity
(2esun)
Chapter 18 Solutions
The Cosmic Perspective (9th Edition)
Ch. 18 - Prob. 1VSCCh. 18 - Prob. 2VSCCh. 18 - Prob. 3VSCCh. 18 - Prob. 4VSCCh. 18 - Prob. 5VSCCh. 18 - Prob. 1EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 2EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 3EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 4EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 5EAP
Ch. 18 - Prob. 6EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 7EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 8EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 9EAPCh. 18 - 10. In what sense is a black hole like a hole in...Ch. 18 - Il. What do we mean by the singularity of a black...Ch. 18 - Prob. 12EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 13EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 14EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 15EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 16EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 18EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 19EAPCh. 18 - Decide whether tile statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 18 - Prob. 21EAPCh. 18 - Decide whether tile statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 18 - Prob. 23EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 24EAPCh. 18 - Decide whether tile statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 18 - Decide whether tile statement makes sense (or is...Ch. 18 - Prob. 27EAPCh. 18 - Choose the best answer lo each of the following....Ch. 18 - Prob. 29EAPCh. 18 - Choose the best answer lo each of the following....Ch. 18 - Prob. 31EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 32EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 33EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 34EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 35EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 36EAPCh. 18 - Black Holes in Popular Culture. Expressions such...Ch. 18 - Prob. 39EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 41EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 42EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 43EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 44EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 45EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 46EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 47EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 48EAPCh. 18 - Why Black Holes Are Safe. Explain why the...Ch. 18 - Surviving the Plunge. The tidal forces near a...Ch. 18 - Prob. 52EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 53EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 54EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 55EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 56EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 57EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 58EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 59EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 60EAPCh. 18 - Prob. 61EAP
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The Algol binary system consists of a 3.7 Msun star and a 0.8 Msun star with an orbital period of 2.87 days. Using Newton’s version of Kepler’s Third Law, calculate the distance, a, between the two stars. Compare that to the size of Betelgeuse (you’ll need to look that up). Newton’s Version of Kepler’s Law: (M1 + M2) P2 = (4p2 /G) a3 Rearrange the equation to solve for a. Pi, p, is equal to 3.14. IMPORTANT NOTE: Google the value of G (the Universal Gravitational Constant) or look it up in your text. NOTICE THE UNITS. You must convert every distance and time in your equation to the same units, otherwise, you’ll get an incorrect answer. That means you must convert distances to meters, solar masses to kilograms, and time to seconds. When you compare your value to the size of Betelgeuse, it will also help that they are in the same units.arrow_forward(Astronomy) Neutron Star, White Dwarf Binary Separation. A neutron star and a white dwarf have been found orbiting each other with a period of 42 minutes. What is their average separation? Compare the separation with the radius of the Sun, 7×105 km. A typical white dwarf is about as massive as the Sun. Suppose the mass of the neutron star is 2 solar mass. (Hints: Use the version of Kepler's third law for binary stars and make sure you express quantities in units of AU, solar masses, and years.)arrow_forwardUsing MBH = 6.6 × 10 Mo, calculate the below. a. Find radius of the Schwarzschild sphere (Schwarzschild radius Rs). You can calculated from the appropriate formula or just use the fact that for an object of 1 solar mass Rs = 3 km. b. Express Rs in km, in AU, in parsecs. c. Using the distance to M87 and your result above, find angular radius of the SMBH (Schwarzschild radius). Express it in arcseconds (") and micro- arcseconds (pas) d. Take the radius of Pluto's orbit equal to 40 AU and find its angular size (in micro-arcseconds, pas) at the distance of M87.arrow_forward
- (Astronomy) Binary Pulsar. Part A: Use the orbital period 27 min for the binary pulsar (two neutron stars orbit each other) to find the orbital separation of the pair in AU and solar radii. Assume a neutron star's mass is 3 solar masses. (Hints: Use the version of Kepler's third law for binary stars.) Part B: Is this system orbiting closer or further than Mercury is to the Sun?arrow_forwardWhite Dwarf Size II. The white dwarf, Sirius B, contains 0.98 solar mass, and its density is about 2 x 106 g/cm?. Find the radius of the white dwarf in km to three significant digits. (Hint: Density = mass/volume, and the volume of a 4 sphere is Tr.) 3 km Compare your answer with the radii of the planets listed in the Table A-10. Which planet is this white dwarf is closely equal to in size? I Table A-10 I Properties of the Planets ORBITAL PROPERTIES Semimajor Axis (a) Orbital Period (P) Average Orbital Velocity (km/s) Orbital Inclination Planet (AU) (106 km) (v) (days) Eccentricity to Ecliptic Mercury 0.387 57.9 0.241 88.0 47.9 0.206 7.0° Venus 0.723 108 0.615 224.7 35.0 0.007 3.4° Earth 1.00 150 1.00 365.3 29.8 0.017 Mars 1.52 228 1.88 687.0 24.1 0.093 1.8° Jupiter 5.20 779 11.9 4332 13.1 0.049 1.30 Saturn 9.58 1433 29.5 10,759 9.7 0.056 2.5° 30,799 60,190 Uranus 19.23 2877 84.3 6.8 0.044 0.8° Neptune * By definition. 30.10 4503 164.8 5.4 0.011 1.8° PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (Earth = e)…arrow_forwardAstronomers discover a binary system with a period of 90 days. Both stars have a mass twice that of the Sun. How far apart are the two stars? Both stars revolve around the center of mass in an orbit with radius r. F2oni d=ar Fron2 The distance between the stars is 2r.arrow_forward
- Problem 4. The mass of the sun is denoted by Mo 1. The star UY Scuti has a mass of 10M. Express the mass of this star in kg. 2 AU Figure 2.1: Parsec into Km. In the figure B and C are two diametrically opposite positions of the Earth while it revolves around the sun. The star is located at point A and S is the Sun.arrow_forwardH5. A star with mass 1.05 M has a luminosity of 4.49 × 1026 W and effective temperature of 5700 K. It dims to 4.42 × 1026 W every 1.39 Earth days due to a transiting exoplanet. The duration of the transit reveals that the exoplanet orbits at a distance of 0.0617 AU. Based on this information, calculate the radius of the planet (expressed in Jupiter radii) and the minimum inclination of its orbit to our line of sight. Follow up observations of the star in part reveal that a spectral feature with a rest wavelength of 656 nm is redshifted by 1.41×10−3 nm with the same period as the observed transit. Assuming a circular orbit what can be inferred about the planet’s mass (expressed in Jupiter masses)?arrow_forward(Astronomy) White Dwarf Size I. The density of Sirius B is 2×106 g/cm3 and its mass is 1.95×1030 kg. What is the radius of the white dwarf in km? (Hint: Density = mass/volume, and the volume of a sphere is 4/3πr3) Please round your answer to two significant digits.arrow_forward
- What would be the Schwarzschild radius, in light years, if our Milky Way galaxy of 100 billion stars collapsed into a black hole? Compare this to our distance from the center, about 13,000 light years.arrow_forwardKepler’s third law says that the orbital period (in years) is proportional to the square root of the cube of the mean distance (in AU) from the Sun (Pa1.5) . For mean distances from 0.1 to 32 AU, calculate and plot a curve showing the expected Keplerian period. For each planet in our solar system, look up the mean distance from the Sun in AU and the orbital period in years and overplot these data on the theoretical Keplerian curve.arrow_forwardA gravitational dead zone is found between two hyper giant stars, HG A and HG B, 34 million km from HG A. It is known that the mass of B is 25 x the mass of A. Determine the distance between the two stars in millions of km.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- AstronomyPhysicsISBN:9781938168284Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. WolffPublisher:OpenStaxUniversity Physics Volume 1PhysicsISBN:9781938168277Author:William Moebs, Samuel J. Ling, Jeff SannyPublisher:OpenStax - Rice University
Astronomy
Physics
ISBN:9781938168284
Author:Andrew Fraknoi; David Morrison; Sidney C. Wolff
Publisher:OpenStax
University Physics Volume 1
Physics
ISBN:9781938168277
Author:William Moebs, Samuel J. Ling, Jeff Sanny
Publisher:OpenStax - Rice University