Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781319114671
Author: Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 18, Problem 42P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The reason behind the mitochondria of muscle cells have more cristae than the mitochondria of liver cells should be determined.
Concept introduction:
Electron transport chain is also termed as oxidative phosphorylation. This process takes place in the mitochondria of the cell. During this reaction, electrons are passed on from NADH or FADH2 to oxygen molecules via various electron carriers. Moreover, this reaction is the process of ATP formation.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
IDENTIFICATION.
One of the B-complex vitamins which is the precursor of Nicotinamide in the coenzyme NAD+.
Carrier of the activated amino acids to the ribosomes for incorporation into the growing peptide chain.
Molecule that attaches to myosin and actin during muscle contraction.
BIOCHEMISTRY. Could glycerol be used to regenerate the OAA for maintenance of TCA cycle activity? Yes or No? Explain.
Adipose tissue cannot resynthesize triacylglycerols from glycerol released during lipolysis (fat breakdown). Why not? Describe the metabolic route that is used to generate a glycerol compound for triacylglycerol synthesis.
Chapter 18 Solutions
Biochemistry
Ch. 18 - Prob. 1PCh. 18 - Prob. 2PCh. 18 - Prob. 3PCh. 18 - Prob. 4PCh. 18 - Prob. 5PCh. 18 - Prob. 6PCh. 18 - Prob. 7PCh. 18 - Prob. 8PCh. 18 - Prob. 9PCh. 18 - Prob. 10P
Ch. 18 - Prob. 11PCh. 18 - Prob. 12PCh. 18 - Prob. 13PCh. 18 - Prob. 14PCh. 18 - Prob. 15PCh. 18 - Prob. 16PCh. 18 - Prob. 17PCh. 18 - Prob. 18PCh. 18 - Prob. 19PCh. 18 - Prob. 20PCh. 18 - Prob. 21PCh. 18 - Prob. 22PCh. 18 - Prob. 23PCh. 18 - Prob. 24PCh. 18 - Prob. 25PCh. 18 - Prob. 26PCh. 18 - Prob. 27PCh. 18 - Prob. 28PCh. 18 - Prob. 29PCh. 18 - Prob. 30PCh. 18 - Prob. 31PCh. 18 - Prob. 32PCh. 18 - Prob. 33PCh. 18 - Prob. 34PCh. 18 - Prob. 35PCh. 18 - Prob. 36PCh. 18 - Prob. 37PCh. 18 - Prob. 38PCh. 18 - Prob. 39PCh. 18 - Prob. 40PCh. 18 - Prob. 41PCh. 18 - Prob. 42PCh. 18 - Prob. 43PCh. 18 - Prob. 44PCh. 18 - Prob. 45PCh. 18 - Prob. 46PCh. 18 - Prob. 47PCh. 18 - Prob. 48PCh. 18 - Prob. 49PCh. 18 - Prob. 50PCh. 18 - Prob. 51PCh. 18 - Prob. 52PCh. 18 - Prob. 53PCh. 18 - Prob. 54PCh. 18 - Prob. 55PCh. 18 - Prob. 56PCh. 18 - Prob. 57PCh. 18 - Prob. 58PCh. 18 - Prob. 59P
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- Efficiency of ATP Production in Muscle: The transformation of glucose to lactate in myocytes releases only about 7% of the free energy released when glucose is completely oxidized to CO2 and H2O. Does this mean that anaerobic glycolysis in muscle is a wasteful use of glucose? Explain.arrow_forward. Liver is primarily a gluconeogenic tissue, whereas muscle is primarily glycolytic. Why does this division of labor makegood physiological sense?arrow_forwardThe Cori Cycle. Before vigorous exercise (at rest) the level of blood lactate is at its normal level (about 25 mM). During a 400 m sprint, the value rises sharply in less than a few minutes to about 200 mM and then declines slowly to around 40 mM over 60 mins after the sprint. a. Discuss (or illustrate) the pathway and reactions that cause the rapid increase in lactate concentration during the sprint. b. What causes the slow decline in lactate concentration after the sprint? Why does the decrease occur more slowly than the rapid increase? c. What enzymatic reaction is responsible for maintaining the lactate concentration above zero at recovery after the sprint?arrow_forward
- Metabolic Differences between Muscle and Liver in a “Fight or Flight” Situation. During a “fight or flight” situation, the release of epinephrine promotes glycogen breakdown in the liver, heart, and skeletal muscle. The end product of glycogen breakdown in the liver is glucose; the end product in skeletal muscle is pyruvate. (a) What is the reason for the different products of glycogen breakdown in the two tissues? (b) What is the advantage to an organism that must fight or flee of these specific glycogen breakdown routes?arrow_forwardUse your knowledge of fat metabolism. glycolysis, the TCA cycle, and axidative phosphorylation to determine how many molecules of ATP eauvalents are produced when glycerol undergoes biochemical combustion. Assume that each molecule of NADH produces 2.5 ATP and that each molecule of FADH2 produces 1.5 molecules of ATP during oxidative phosphorylation. Note that GTP is an ATp "equivalent." OA 14.5 OB. 17 OC. 19.5 OD. 20.5arrow_forwardPlease select appropriate word in each bracket Glycogen provides short term energy storage primarily in liver and muscle. Defects in the enzymes that are required for either glycogen synthesis or breakdown therefore affect levels of [ Select ] ["glucose", "glycogen"] in the bloodstream and the amount of glycogen in the liver. This is exemplified by defects in [ Select ] ["glucose-6-phosphatase", "glycogen synthase"] , which is a deficit in breakdown and delivery, whereas mutations compromising [ Select ] ["glycogen synthase", "glycogen debranching enzyme"] result in a defect in synthesis, but defects in either enzyme produce [ Select ] ["hypoglycemia", "hypothermia"].arrow_forward
- Salmoneus dies.When a cell dies its plasma membrane becomes“leaky”;i.e.,it becomes permeable to ions that were unable to freely cross the membrane during life. Thus, after death, calcium ions leak across the sarcolemma of muscle fibers. This calcium leak causes rigor mortis, a temporary stiffness of the muscles after death. Apply your understanding of the mechanism of skeletal muscle contraction (specifically regarding events within muscle fibre) and explain the molecular basis of the phenomenon known as rigor mortis.arrow_forwardLactic acid builds up in the athlete's thigh muscle after marathon training. Compare and contrast the physiological functions and Vmax of glycogen phosphorylase in active skeletal muscle and liver. The athlete faints after a rigorous workout owing to a low blood glucose level. A liver biopsy reveals that there is an excess of glycogen in the liver. Suggestions on whatever sort of enzyme is faulty in this circumstance should be accompanied by an explanation.arrow_forwardProtein: complex I, Role: Complex I is the first enzyme complex involved in oxidizing NADH as part of the electron transport chain (ETC). The ETC is the penultimate step in cellular respiration occurring across the inner mitochondrial membrane. Where is this protein synthesized? Be as specific as possible and briefly explain your choicearrow_forward
- True or False. The steroid hormone estradiol (estrogen) readily crosses membranes by simple diffusion but the much smaller H+ requires transport proteins. Explain your answer.arrow_forwardIn angiogenic endothelial cells, pyruvate is converted to lactate (generating 2 ATP per glucose) rather than being completely oxidized (which would generate ~32 ATP by oxidative phosphorylation). Explain why angiogenic cells generate ATP anaerobically.arrow_forwarda- During intense exercise the transformation glucose to lactate causes very less ATP production compared to aerobic glycolysis. Explain, does anaerobic glycolysis lead to waste of energy in muscle? b-Glycogen phosphorylase enzyme catalyzes the removal of glucose from glycogen. Describe, glycogen metabolism regulation through glycogen phosphorylase.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- BiochemistryBiochemistryISBN:9781305577206Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. GrishamPublisher:Cengage Learning
Biochemistry
Biochemistry
ISBN:9781305577206
Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher:Cengage Learning