Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The type of glycosidic linkage present in maltose has to be identified.
Concept introduction: The bond formed between the
(b)
Interpretation: The type of glycosidic linkage present in galactose has to be identified.
Concept introduction: The bond formed between the
(c)
Interpretation: The type of glycosidic linkage present in stachyose has to be identified.
Concept introduction: The bond formed between the
(d)
Interpretation: The type of glycosidic linkage present in fructose has to be identified.
Concept introduction: The bond formed between the
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Chapter 18 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
- Indicate whether the following pairs of monosaccharides are aldoses or ketoses. a. D-altrose & D-xylose b. D-arabinose & D-glyceraldehyde c. D-erythrulose & D-psicose d. D-talose & D-gulose e. dihydroxyacetone & D-tagatose f. D-idose & D-threosearrow_forwardAlginic acid, isolated from seaweed and used as athickening agent for ice cream and other foods, is apolymer of d-mannuronic acid with b(1,4) glycosidiclinkages.a. Draw the structure of alginic acid.b. Why does this substance act as a thickening agent?arrow_forwardisomaltose is a disaccharide which can be obtained by enzymatic hydrolysis of amylopectin. Deduce the structure of isomaltose from the following data: a. The hydrolysis of 1 mole of isomaltose with acid or alpha-glucosidase yields 2 moles of D- glucose. b. Isomaltose is a reducing sugar c. Isomaltose is oxidized with bromine water to isomaltonic acid. Insomaltonic acid methylation followed by hydrolysis yielded 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-methyl-D-glucose and 2,3,4,5- tetra-O-methyl-D-gluconate acid. d. Isomaltose methylation itself followed by hydrolysis to produce 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-methyl- D-glucose and 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-D-glucose. Describe according to the four points abovearrow_forward
- Consider the ff dissacharides.a. Classify the glycosidic linkage as α or β and use numbers to designate its location (e.g. β1→3) b. What monosaccharides are formed when each of the disaccharides is hydrolyzed? c. Draw the chair conformation of each monosaccharide, where applicable.arrow_forwardTrehalose, also known as mycose, is a disaccharide found in certain mushrooms. It is composed of two a-D-glucose linked in a aa(1à1) glycosidic bond. Using Haworth projection, draw the structure of trehalose. Indicate whether it is reducing or non-reducing.arrow_forwardDraw the structure of each of the following compounds: a. a polysaccharide formed by joining D-glucosamine in 1-→6-a-glycosidic linkages b. a disaccharide formed by joining D-mannose and D-glucose in a 1-4-B-glycosidic linkage using mannose's anomeric carbon c. an a-N-glycoside formed from D-arabinose and CgH;CHNH2 d. a ribonucleoside formed from D-ribose and thyminearrow_forward
- Identify the component monosaccharides of each of the following compounds and describe the type of glycosidic linkage in each.arrow_forwardClassify each of the following sugar pairs as enantiomers, diastereomers, epimers, or an aldose–ketose pair. a. D-erythrose and D-threose b. D-glucose and D-mannose c. D-ribose and L-ribose d. D-allose and D-galactose e. D-glyceraldehyde and dihydroxyacetonearrow_forwardConsider the disaccharide maltose. сон H -= H OH OH Part 1 of 2 д- CH₂OH H H H он Н Н д- ОН Н Он Н Он Classify the glycosidic linkage as a or ẞ. Select the single best answer. α В Part: 1/2 Part 2 of 2 Modify the structure of maltose to show the monosaccharide products that form from hydrolysis. You may draw the structures in any arrangement th you like, so long as they aren't touching. Н он Снон Н -= Он Н снон Н H H Он Н д- Н он -= Н Он H Онarrow_forward
- d) Consider the following disaccharide C. i. ii. iii. iv. OH HO OH OH HO Disaccharide C OH OH OH Give the IUPAC name for disaccharide C. What is the type of glycosidic linkage. Is disaccharide C a reducing sugar? Does it mutarotate? Explain your answer. What products are formed when disaccharide C is hydrolysed with H3O+.arrow_forwardIdentify the type of isomerism exhibited by the following pairs of monosaccharides D-glyceraldehyde & dihydroxyacetone D-glucose & D-mannose α-D-glucose & β-D-glucose d-galactose & l-galactose D-glucose & D-allose A. optical isomers B. Diastereomers C. Epimers D. enantiomers E. Functional Isomersarrow_forwardImagine a trisaccharide that has D-Altrose, D-Gulose, and D-Ribose. D-Altrose is bonded to D-Gulose in an α(1→4) glycosidic bond and D-Ribose is bonded to D-Altrose in an α(1→6) glycosidic bond. Draw the imaginary trisaccharide using Haworth projection with the appropriate representation of each monosaccharide.arrow_forward
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