Anatomy & Physiology (6th Edition)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9780134156415
Author: Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 17.4, Problem 9CYU
For each of the following, state whether it applies to skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, or both: (a) refractory period is almost as long as the contraction; (b) source of Ca2+ for contraction is only SR; (c) has troponin; (d) has triads.
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Chapter 17 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology (6th Edition)
Ch. 17.1 - The heart is in the mediastinum. Just what is the...Ch. 17.1 - From inside to outside, list the layers of the...Ch. 17.1 - What is the purpose of the serous fluid inside the...Ch. 17.2 - What is the function of the papillary muscles and...Ch. 17.2 - Prob. 5CYUCh. 17.3 - Which side of the heart acts as the pulmonary...Ch. 17.3 - Which of the following statements are true? (a)...Ch. 17.3 - Prob. 8CYUCh. 17.4 - For each of the following, state whether it...Ch. 17.5 - Cardiac muscle cannot go into tetany. Why?
Ch. 17.5 - Which part of the intrinsic conduction system...Ch. 17.5 - Describe the electrical event in the heart that...Ch. 17.5 - MAKING connections Below are drawings of three...Ch. 17.6 - The second heart sound is associated with the...Ch. 17.6 - If the mitral valve were insufficient, would you...Ch. 17.6 - During the cardiac cycle, there are two periods...Ch. 17.7 - Prob. 17CYUCh. 17.7 - What problem of cardiac output might ensue if the...Ch. 17 - When the semilunar valves are open, which of the...Ch. 17 - The portion of the intrinsic conduction system...Ch. 17 - An ECG provides information about (a) cardiac...Ch. 17 - The sequence of contraction of the heart chambers...Ch. 17 - The fact that the left ventricular wall is thicker...Ch. 17 - Prob. 6MCCh. 17 - In the heart, which of the following apply? (1)...Ch. 17 - The activity of the heart depends on intrinsic...Ch. 17 - Freshly oxygenated blood is first received by the...Ch. 17 - Describe the location and position of the heart in...Ch. 17 - Describe the pericardium and distinguish between...Ch. 17 - Trace one drop of blood from the time it enters...Ch. 17 - (a) Describe how heart contraction and relaxation...Ch. 17 - The refractory period of cardiac muscle is much...Ch. 17 - (a) Name the elements of the intrinsic conduction...Ch. 17 - Draw a normal ECG pattern. Label and explain the...Ch. 17 - Define cardiac cycle, and follow the events of one...Ch. 17 - What is cardiac output, and how is it calculated?Ch. 17 - Discuss how the Frank-Starling law of the heart...Ch. 17 - Prob. 1CCSCh. 17 - Prob. 2CCSCh. 17 - Prob. 3CCSCh. 17 - Prob. 4CCSCh. 17 - Prob. 5CCSCh. 17 - Prob. 6CCS
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- What is the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle cell contraction?arrow_forwardCompare the (i) contraction, (ii) excitation-contraction coupling in smooth muscle, cardiac and skeletal muscle.arrow_forwardDefine a motor unit. Of what physiological advantage is a small motor unit arrangement in skeletal muscle? Explain why a latent period is observed between the application of a stimulus and contraction of the stimulated muscle.arrow_forward
- Put these events that occur in skeletal muscle in the correct chronological sequence: 1. Activation of voltage-gated dihydropyridine (DHP) receptor in the T-tubule 2. Opening of mechanically-gated ryanodine receptors (RyR) on the sarcoplasmic reticulum 3. Na+ influx through ligand-gated ion channels on the motor end plate 4. Ca2+ binding to troponin 2, 1, 4, 3 4, 3, 2, 1 4, 3, 1, 2 3, 1, 4, 2 3, 1, 2, 4arrow_forwardPut these events that occur in skeletal muscle in the correct chronological sequence: 1. Opening of mechanically-gated ryanodine receptors (RyR) on the sarcoplasmic reticulum 2. Ca²+ binding to troponin to initiate contraction 3. Activation of voltage-gated dihydropyridine (DHP) receptor in the T-tubule 4. Na+ influx through ligand-gated ion channels on the motor end plate 4, 3, 2, 1 2, 1, 4, 3 3, 1, 2, 4 4, 3, 1, 2 3, 1, 4, 2arrow_forwardWhat evidence supports a sliding filament-cross-bridge mechanism of contraction in smooth muscle?, what factors determine relaxation in smooth muscle? and what determines the rate of contraction in smooth muscles?arrow_forward
- Discuss the following statement: “The basal lam-ina of muscle fibers serves as a molecular bulletin board,in which adjoining cells can post messages that direct thedifferentiation and function of the underlying cells.”arrow_forwarda) Describe how the isolated muscle behaved as it was stretched progressively. b) What effect does stretching the muscle have on contraction strength? Is this effect linear? c) What stretch resulted in the highest contraction force? What happens to the muscle at the highest stretch levels?arrow_forwardWhen Skeletal muscle contracts an arrangement of the alternating light and dark bands traversing each skeletal muscle cell changes. Which of the following statements is not correct. (Select one answer) (a) The dark A bands will remain a constant length(b) The space occupied by the H zone will not change(c) The light I bands will shorten(d) The z lines come closer together(e) The I band consists solely of thin actin filamentsarrow_forward
- Match the following types of contractions: The stimulus above which no stronger contraction can be elicited, because all motor units are firing in the muscle Determined by alternating motor units of a muscle organ even when the muscle is at rest Continued sustained smooth contraction due to rapid stimulation The situation in which contractions become stronger due to stimulation before complete relaxation occurs How a smooth increase in muscle force is produced [Choose] [Choose ] [Choose] [Choose] [Choose]arrow_forwardList the Histological (structural and shape) differences between skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle. Remember, the cells are "designed" and "developed" in a manner that mandated that their "shape absolutely "fit" their function.arrow_forwardWhen a cardica muscle is isolated and placed in a solution of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and sodium bicarbonate, will muscle contraction occur if:a. muscle is stimulated directly by depolarizing the membrane? (provide a short explanation)b. muscle is stimulated by stimulating the nerve to the muscle? (provide a short explanation)arrow_forward
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